Ventavis (iloprost) / Bayer, J&J, University of Copenhagen - LARVOL DELTA

Endothelial-Derived Extracellular Vesicles During Exercise in COPD Patients. (PubMed, Clin Respir J) - "Endothelial-derived EV profiles differed based on smoking and exacerbation history. Iloprost did not affect eEV levels, although maximal exercise induced a delayed increase in a subset of eEVs, possibly through shear stress."

Clinical • Journal • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • CD31 • CDH5 • PECAM1

Hemodynamic Effects of Inhaled Iloprost in PH-COPD (HOLLYWOOD) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=15 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: University of Sao Paulo General Hospital

New trial • Cardiovascular • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Hypertension • Immunology • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Identification of Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response-Related Genes and Diagnostic Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis by Integrative Multidimensional Analysis and Experimental Validation. (PubMed, J Inflamm Res) - "Molecular simulation techniques assessed the therapeutic potential of Iloprost...They potentially play crucial roles in mitochondrial dysfunction and immune regulation. As such, these genes may be promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AS."

Biomarker • Journal • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • APOC1

Effects of Iloprost on Pulmonary Oxygenation in Obese Patients During One-lung Ventilation (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=78 | Completed | Sponsor: Yonsei University | Trial completion date: Aug 2022 ➔ Sep 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2022 ➔ Sep 2025 | Not yet recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Infectious Disease • Lung Cancer • Obesity • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor

CS585 Demonstrates Favorable Selectivity and Sustained In Vivo Action in Preventing Platelet Activation and Thrombosis Compared to Existing IP Receptor Agonists (ASH 2023) - "CS585 and other IP receptor agonists, iloprost and selexipag, were assessed by direct comparison to elucidate potential differences in selectivity and sustained action. Importantly, CS585 does not affect coagulation parameters and previous studies demonstrated no potential for increased bleeding in mouse models. Overall, CS585 provides a new option of activating the IP receptor to decrease platelet reactivity and could represent the first viable option for targeting the IP receptor on platelets for primary inhibition of thrombosis with a reduced risk of bleeding."

Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Peripheral Arterial Disease • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis

Acute on Chronic Thrombotic Microangiopathy with Evidence of Dense Deposit Disease (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "His history included digital gangrene (2020), treated with Iloprost...Treatment included Bortezomib (6 cycles) for paraproteinemia and Eculizumab 1.2g biweekly...Duration of Eculizumab treatment remains unclear. Ongoing uncertainty between DDD and aHUS as primary pathology."

Acute Kidney Injury • Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Complement-mediated Rare Disorders • Dyslipidemia • Fatigue • Glomerulonephritis • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Monoclonal Gammopathy • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Rheumatology • Urology

Selectivity and Long Action of In Vivo Efficacy of CS585, a Novel Prostacyclin Receptor Agonist, Compared to FDA-Approved Prostacyclin Agonists Iloprost and Selexipag in the Prevention of Thrombosis (ASH 2024) - "In both in vivo and ex vivo models, we observe non-selective effects of iloprost and selexipag, in addition to confirming the limitations of length of effect in the blood previously reported in the literature. In overcoming the concerns of sustained efficacy in the blood while maintaining high selectivity for the IP receptor, CS585 represents a novel approach for the anti-platelet treatment of thrombotic diseases, with the potential to augment the therapeutic options for patients suffering from diseases like thrombosis, VTE, MI, stroke, and PAH."

Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis

Inhaled iloprost and 2D phase-contrast cardiac MRI in pulmonary vascular reversibility: an adolescent case of anomalous right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta. (PubMed, Cardiol Young) - "This case highlights the potential value of cardiac MRI-based vasoreactivity testing with inhaled iloprost as an additional tool alongside standard diagnostics for evaluating operability in late-presenting anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta. Combining imaging, histopathology, and haemodynamic data allowed a personalised and safe surgical approach."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Fatigue • Hypertension • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Comparative efficacy and safety of prostacyclin therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne)) - "Hemodynamically, epoprostenol achieved optimal Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (PAP) reduction (-6.29 mmHg, 95%CI -6.99 to -5.59; P-score 0.95), while iloprost demonstrated superior Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) improvement (-342.09, 95%CI -410.30 to -273.87; P-score 1.00). Our NMA demonstrates that prostacyclin pathway therapies offer benefits in PAH management. While epoprostenol exhibits superior improvements in hemodynamics and functional capacity, treprostinil reduces mortality by 34%, and selexipag excels in preventing clinical worsening and hospitalizations."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

How It Really Happened-the Development of Inhaled Iloprost for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. (PubMed, Pulm Circ) - No abstract available

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Human Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Liposomal Iloprost Support a Dosing Regimen for Treating Systemic Sclerosis- Related Digital Ulcer (ACR Convergence 2025) - P1 | "Inhaled liposomal iloprost is an extended-release formulation [2] which prolongs iloprost exposure in healthy subjects as demonstrated in phase 1 clinical trial. The results support a 28-day dosing regimen for self-administration in treating patients with systemic sclerosis-related digital ulcer."

PK/PD data • Immunology • Scleroderma • Systemic Sclerosis

Refractory Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis Sine Scleroderma Associated With Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case-Based Review. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Despite optimized vasodilatory therapy, including calcium channel blockers, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, endothelin receptor antagonists, and regular iloprost infusions, the patient continued to experience recurrent DU...To our knowledge, this is the fourth reported case of ssSSc with secondary APS, and the first presenting with recurrent DU and pulmonary embolism, highlighting the rarity of this association and the importance of considering APS in SSc patients with refractory DU. The association between SSc and APS remains poorly understood, and further research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and guide optimal management."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Dyspepsia • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Pulmonary Embolism • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Scleroderma • Systemic Sclerosis

The Role of Phosphodiesterase-5 Enzyme Inhibitors and Prostacyclin Analogs in Reactive Pulmonary Vasculopathy in Systolic Heart Failure: A Narrative Review. (PubMed, Cureus) - "PDE-5 inhibitors, particularly sildenafil, demonstrated improvements in pulmonary hemodynamics, endothelial function, and exercise tolerance, while prostacyclin analogs such as epoprostenol, iloprost, and treprostinil provided potent vasodilatory and antiproliferative effects with benefits in advanced disease and right ventricular protection. Current evidence is limited by small study sizes, heterogeneity of design, and a lack of robust data specifically targeting Group 2 pulmonary hypertension. Overall, PDE-5 inhibitors and prostacyclin analogs appear promising in addressing reactive pulmonary vasculopathy in systolic heart failure, but larger, well-designed trials are required to establish their clinical utility."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Hypotension • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Methodological Considerations in the Iloprost for Septic Shock Trial. (PubMed, Am J Respir Crit Care Med) - No abstract available

Journal • Septic Shock

Reply to Yang and Chu: Methodological Considerations in the Iloprost for Septic Shock Trial. (PubMed, Am J Respir Crit Care Med) - No abstract available

Journal • Septic Shock

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital: a retrospective observational study. (PubMed, BMC Pediatr) - "In this selected cohort of CDH neonates admitted to a central children's hospital in Vietnam, a high hospital mortality rate was observed. The findings suggest that limited access to neonatal intensive care and surgical repair may have influenced outcomes, warranting further evaluation in similar resource-limited settings to improve care strategies."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Critical care • Gastroenterology • Hypertension • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

IL-4Rα signalling influences behavioural and immune responses in Trypanosoma brucei-infected mice: Evidence for iloprost as a neuroprotective agent. (PubMed, IBRO Neurosci Rep) - "These findings highlight the complex interplay between immune regulation, neuroinflammation, and behaviour in trypanosome infection, with IL-4Rα signalling playing a critical role in modulating disease outcomes. Therapeutic interventions targeting these pathways, such as Iloprost, may offer neuroprotective benefits in African trypanosomiasis."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • CXCL10 • TNFA

Downregulation of inflammatory miRNAs in Cystic Fibrosis by novel drug-delivery systems (ERS 2025) - "ALI cultures, producing endogenous mucus, were exposed to P. aeruginosa LPS with or without mucopenetrating Nano-into-Micro (NiM) formulations (pegylated or not) containing Iloprost (Ilo)... Key inflammatory miRNAs in CF may be modulated by novel pharmacological formulations in an advanced human respiratory epithelial cell model, providing a pre-clinical ex-vivo approach for precision medicine and drug delivery strategies for CF."

Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • MIR138 • MIR145 • MIR146A • MIR17 • MIR223

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with coexisting bronchiectasis and pulmonary hypertension (ERS 2025) - "Group 3 PH is a complication of bronchiectasis.PAH-specific treatments may be considered in selected patients"

Clinical • Bronchiectasis • Cardiovascular • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of inhaled liposomal iloprost in healthy adults show its potential of treating CTEPH (ERS 2025) - P1 | "Inhaled liposomal iloprost was tolerated by healthy adults, indicating its potential of treating CTEPH with convenient administration."

Clinical • PK/PD data • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Altered VEGF release from airway structural cells with enhanced VEGFR3 expression in the bronchial epithelium of COPD subjects (ERS 2025) - "We have previously seen that iloprost induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)... TGF-β1 and cAMP generating therapies have significant effects on VEGF-A and VEGF-C synthesis in airway structural cells. The increased VEGFR3 expression in the bronchial epithelium in COPD lung tissue warrants further investigations as a potential biomarker."

Clinical • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Respiratory Diseases • FLT4 • TGFB1 • VEGFA • VEGFC

Raynaud's Phenomenon, Anticentromere Antibodies and Digital Necrosis (RACAND) Is a Distinct Clinical Syndrome From Systemic Sclerosis: A Case Report and Literature Review. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient was diagnosed with RACAND syndrome and responded well to treatment with iloprost and moderate doses of prednisone. We argue that RACAND syndrome is distinct from SSc and that the absence of other typical diagnostic features of SSc or other systemic autoimmune disease is necessary for diagnosis. Clinician awareness of this entity is needed in the treatment of digital necrosis, as well as further studies to determine the best treatment options."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Immunology • Rheumatology • Scleroderma • Systemic Sclerosis

Efficacy and Safety of Pulmonary Vasodilator and Inodilator Drugs in Congenital Heart Disease Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. (PubMed, J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth) - "Vasodilators and inodilators did not significantly decrease perioperative mortality in pediatric CHD. Some agents, such as intravenous sildenafil and inhaled NO, demonstrated modest benefits of questionable clinical significance regarding duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit stay, and pulmonary pressure. The results are limited by small sample sizes, study heterogeneity, variability in standard care, and risk of bias, requiring cautious interpretation."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • Critical care • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Causal Inference of Adverse Drug Events in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Pharmacovigilance Study. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - " Signal detection revealed that Ambrisentan, Bosentan, and Iloprost were associated with serious AEs, including death, dyspnea, pneumonia, and edema. This study quantifies causal drug-event relationships in PAH using Bayesian causal networks. The findings offer valuable evidence regarding the clinical safety of PAH medications, thereby improving patient health outcomes."

Adverse events • Journal • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

COMBAT-ARF: Infusion of Prostacyclin vs Placebo for 72-hours in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=450 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Pär Johansson | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 ➔ Sep 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2026 ➔ Sep 2027

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases