deoxyglucose / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Adult-Onset Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3K27-Altered: A Genomics-Guided, Individualized, Multimodal Treatment Approach. (PubMed, Brain Sci) - "The individualized regimen comprised trametinib and everolimus for dual pathway inhibition, the tissue-agnostic agent dordaviprone (ONC201), metabolic modulation with 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and electric field-based therapy. The systematic integration of comprehensive molecular profiling with mechanistically rational treatment selection may contribute to meaningful radiological and clinical benefit in this otherwise uniformly fatal disease. These observations support further investigation of individualized, pathway-targeted approaches in prospective studies and N-of-1 trial frameworks."

Journal • Brain Cancer • Diffuse Midline Glioma • Glioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • ATRX • H3-3A • NF1

Signaling pathway underlying autocrine activation of ecdysteroidogenesis in prothoracic glands of Bombyx mori. (PubMed, Insect Biochem Mol Biol) - "Treatment with LY294002 and rapamycin reduced 4E-BP phosphorylation, indicating the involvement of the PI3K/TOR pathway...Treatment with either validamycin A or the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) suppressed autocrine activation of ecdysteroidogenesis, clearly indicating that both Treh activity and glycolysis are involved...Using a specifically generated anti-bombyxin-Z1 antibody, the presence of bombyxin-Z1 protein was confirmed. To my knowledge, this is the first study to elucidate the signaling cascade involved in autocrine activation of ecdysteroidogenesis in an insect system."

Journal • EGF

BRG1 orchestrates diabetic corneal neuropathy via PI3K/AKT-mediated glycolytic reprogramming. (PubMed, Eye Vis (Lond)) - "Glycolytic reprogramming is a critical driver of DCN progression. BRG1 activates PI3K/AKT signaling to enhance glycolytic flux, thereby regulating DCN pathogenesis. Targeting this axis may offer novel therapeutic strategies."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Diabetic Neuropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Pain • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus • AKT1 • SMARCA4

BMAL1 Downregulation Exacerbates Age-related Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Promoting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via HIF-1ɑ-mediated Glycolysis. (PubMed, Free Radic Biol Med) - "This study revealed a novel mechanism in which BMAL1 downregulation under aging and HFD conditions promotes NASH progression by binding to HIF-1α and modulating the glycolysis-NLRP3 inflammasome axis."

Journal • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis • ARNTL • BMAL1 • HIF1A • NLRP3

Glycolytic reprogramming of resident alveolar macrophages contributes to reduced SOCS3 secretion in non-small cell lung cancer. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "Importantly, the pharmacologic inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-d-glucose restored SOCS3 secretion in these AMs. Together, our findings demonstrate that lung tumor-associated AMs undergo a time-dependent metabolic shift toward glycolysis, resulting in impaired SOCS3 secretion-a phenotype that can be reversed by targeting glycolytic flux. These results highlight a potential therapeutic approach for modulating immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment."

Journal • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • KRAS • SOCS3

Comparison of postprocessing metrics in multimetabolic APT-weighted CEST and 2-deoxy-D-glucose-CEST-MRI for differentiating breast cancer subtypes in a murine model. (PubMed, Eur Radiol Exp) - "Advanced multimetabolic APTw-CEST and 2-deoxy-D-glucose-CEST postprocessing metrics allowed adequate preclinical murine BC subtyping. AREX showed potential for 2-deoxy-D-glucose-CEST in tumor characterization; however, APTw-CEST remains superior. MTRasym failed to distinguish between tumor subtypes in CEST-MRI."

Clinical • Journal • Preclinical • Breast Cancer • HER2 Breast Cancer • HER2 Positive Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Triple Negative Breast Cancer • HER-2

Baicalin attenuates HIF-1α-driven histone lactylation and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in autoimmune uveitis. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis (2-deoxy-d-glucose) or oxidative stress (Tempol) similarly attenuated NET formation...Collectively, our findings establish a mechanistic axis in which HIF-1α-driven glycolysis promotes lactate-dependent histone lactylation, which facilitates NET formation in AU. These findings reveal a novel immunometabolic pathway and highlight baicalin as a potential therapeutic agent targeting HIF-1α-mediated NETosis."

Journal • Immunology • Inflammation • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Uveitis • ELANE • HIF1A • LDHA • MPO

NAT10 promotes the glycolysis of retinoblastoma through ac4C modification of PFKFB3 mRNA. (PubMed, BMC Cancer) - "In vivo, NAT10 promoted tumor growth. Collectively, NAT10 contributes to RB progression by enhancing glycolysis through ac4C-mediated PFKFB3 mRNA stabilization, identifying the NAT10-ac4C-PFKFB3 axis as a potential therapeutic target."

Journal • Eye Cancer • Oncology • Retinal Disorders • Retinoblastoma • Solid Tumor • NAT10 • PFKFB3

Exploring molecular interactions of drugs in different biologically active solvents: A comprehensive review for safe and efficient drug delivery systems. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "There have been reports of improved solubility and stability of drugs like metformin hydrochloride and hydralazine hydrochloride in aqueous solutions of carbohydrates and amino acids, which has an immediate effect on their bioavailability and treatment efficacy...The antivirals favipiravir, remdesivir and two repurposed drugs, antimalarial hydroxychloroquine and metabolic inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) were approved during this phase based on their available physicochemical data...The outcome may provide an important basis for advanced research in future, serving the scientific community in understanding pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drug interactions. This can further strengthen the advanced research in future, involving drug-solvent interactions, which ultimately improves the safety, treatment efficacy and delivery performance of the drugs."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Effect of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu Decoction in improving lactate production in hippocampal astrocytes with diabetes-associated depression via H3K18 lactylation modification-mediated CDH1 expression (PubMed, Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi) - "In a subsequent independent experiment, rats were randomized into a normal group, a model group, a sham group, a L-lactate group, a ZGJTJYD group, and a 2-deoxy-D-glucose(2-DG) group...Therefore, ZGJTJYD increases the PFKFB3 expression and promotes lactate production in the hippocampus of rats with diabetes-associated depression. This therapeutic effect may be linked to the increased hippocampal H3K18la modification and the inhibited CDH1 expression, which in turn promotes astrocyte proliferation."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • CCNB1 • CDH1 • GFAP • PFKFB3

Lactylation of HK2 facilitates cisplatin resistance in NSCLC by promoting cell migration, invasion, and glycolysis. (PubMed, Pathol Res Pract) - "Lactylation at K873 stabilized HK2 by inhibiting its ubiquitination, which in turn drove glycolytic flux and promoted malignant behaviors in DDP-resistant NSCLC. This HK2 lactylation-stabilization axis represents a novel mechanism underlying chemoresistance and a promising therapeutic target for overcoming DDP resistance in NSCLC."

Journal • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Targeted Protein Degradation • HK2

Localized glioblastoma therapy using a tenascin-C inhibitor peptide-modified hyaluronic acid hydrogel. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "Homogenous liposomes encapsulating docosahexaenoic acid and doxorubicin were incorporated in the hydrogel for targeted therapy. The hydrogel matrix also included 2-deoxy-d-glucose as a chemotactic agent to actively recruit GB cells, inhibiting their migration and invasion into the healthy brain...The final formulation also shown to be effective in damaging GB cells in a biofabricated 3D tumor model that replicates the in vivo scenario after surgical resection. Thus, the formulation has potential to be a new therapeutic hope for GB patients."

Journal • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Self-Carrier Nanoagonist Enabling Positive Feedback Regulation of Cuproptosis-Immunity for Potent Antitumor Therapy. (PubMed, ACS Nano) - "In turn, STING activation, combined with 2-deoxy-d-glucose, modulated tumor cell metabolic pathways by blocking glycolysis to alleviate tumor cell tolerance to copper and sensitize cuproptosis, further inducing ICD and amplifying the STING signal. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the reciprocal amplification between cuproptosis and the STING pathway remodeled the immune microenvironment and enhanced the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. The work offers a promising strategy to potentiate the cancer-immunity cycle and improve immunotherapy outcomes."

Journal • Oncology

Microfluidic Solid-State pH Sensor for Dynamic Monitoring of Extracellular pH in Live Cell Cultures. (PubMed, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces) - "ECAR measurements performed on HeLa cells demonstrate the platform's ability to detect both basal and stress-induced acidification, including rapid responses to glucose, oligomycin, and 2-deoxyglucose treatments. The system's high performance with as few as 300-500 cells underscores its utility for metabolic profiling in rare or limited biological samples. This compact, scalable platform offers a powerful tool for real-time metabolic analysis with broad applications in cancer research, drug screening, and bioenergetic diagnostics."

Journal • Preclinical • Oncology

Combinatorial library design approach identifies a novel benzothiazole-based hexokinase 2 inhibitor with anti-tumor efficacy in oral squamous cell carcinoma. (PubMed, Eur J Med Chem) - "While early HK2 inhibitors like 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), and 3-Bromo pyruvic acid (3-BP) showed potential, their clinical utility was limited by off-target effects...These compounds were screened for HK2 inhibitory activity, followed by structural optimization to enhance selectivity and efficacy in in vitro and in vivo models of OSCC. Our findings identified a novel BTZ-based HK2 inhibitor compound 12 with HK2 IC50 of 56 nM and a ∼50-fold improvement in HK2 inhibitory potency over initial lead compound H2, that not only exhibits potent anti-cancer activity but also induces mitophagy, providing a new mechanism for OSCC therapy."

Journal • Oncology • Oral Cancer • Squamous Cell Carcinoma • HK2

2-Deoxy-D-glucose attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and restricts Zika, Chikungunya, and Mayaro virus replication in monocyte-derived macrophages. (PubMed, Antiviral Res) - "Mechanistic experiments confirmed that 2-DG acts post-entry primarily and reverses the antiviral phenotype observed in LPS-primed MDMs. Collectively, these findings reveal crosstalk among inflammatory, antiviral, and ER stress pathways and demonstrate that 2-DG modulates LPS-driven inflammation while reducing replication of pathogenic arboviruses in human MDMs."

Journal • Chikungunya • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • IL10 • PPP1R15A • TLR4

PERK-eIF2alpha-mediated translational inhibition of MCL-1 contributes to potential 2-deoxy-d-glucose and BAD mimetic combinatorial cancer therapy. (PubMed, Cell Signal) - "Based on these findings, the combined use of 2DG with BAD BH3 mimetic have proven effective against various types of cancer cells. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical basis and rationale for the combined use of 2DG and BH3 mimetics as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancers."

Journal • Oncology • BCL2L1

LRRN3 protects dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting glycolysis in Parkinson's disease. (PubMed, Brain Res) - "When glycolysis was inhibited in mice treated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose, apoptosis, mitochondrial structure damage, and motor deficits were reversed...Our data indicate that LRRN3 can protect DA neurons by suppressing glycolysis. It holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for PD."

IO biomarker • Journal • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • BAX • BCL2 • LDHA

Lactate modulates TGF-β1- and IL-1β-induced transcriptional programs in human dermal fibroblasts: Potential implications for wound management. (PubMed, J Trauma Acute Care Surg) - "These findings suggest that, because of a potential biphasic response, high lactate treatment of NHDFs exhibits immunosuppressive effects, indicating that metabolic regulation may help mitigate tissue damage. Additionally, pharmacological manipulation of histone modifications or metabolic rebalancing may serve as intriguing therapeutic interventions."

Journal • COL1A1 • GAPDH • IL1B • MMP3 • TGFB1

Administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose induces pyroptosis in murine breast cancer cells via cAMP/PKA/HK2 to impair tumor survival. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "These findings identified a novel metabolic-inflammatory axis (cAMP/PKA-HK2-caspase-3/GSDME) in breast cancer. Furthermore, study highlights the in vivo efficacy and safety of 2-DG and its ability to induce pyroptosis, thereby providing a basis for targeting drug resistance in breast cancer."

Journal • Preclinical • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CASP3 • GSDME

Glycolysis maintains effector function of lung Th17 TRM cells in precision cut lung slices. (PubMed, iScience) - "Inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-D-glucose impaired IL-17A production both in vivo and in precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) cultures which preserve functional TRM cells ex vivo. These findings identify glycolysis as a key metabolic pathway sustaining lung CD4+ Th17 TRM effector function and highlight PCLS as an ex vivo model."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • CD4 • IL17A

Protein lactylation in cancer and other pathologies: epigenetic regulation of glycolysis and its therapeutic perspectives. (PubMed, Semin Cancer Biol) - "Inhibition of tumor immune evasion has also been explored using glycolytic enzyme inhibitors, including 2-deoxy-D-glucose and oxalate. Despite these advances, lactylation-targeted research remains in its early stages and faces notable limitations that warrant further investigation. This review provides insights into the role of lactylation in diverse diseases and highlights emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating lactylation-associated molecular targets."

Journal • Review • Oncology • HDAC1 • SLC2A1

Altered Glut4, IRAP, and Brain Insulin Signaling in a Mouse Model of Epilepsy and Contributions to Glucose Transport in Neurons and Astrocytes. (PubMed, J Neurochem) - "This study aimed to characterize the expression of Glut1, Glut3, Glut4, and key regulators of Glut4 trafficking in the chronic stage of the mouse pilocarpine epilepsy model...Contributions of Glut4 and IRAP to 3H-2-deoxyglucose uptake were quantified in primary mouse neurons and astrocytes...This is the first report showing increased astrocytic Glut4 expression in a rodent epilepsy model. Along with the finding of significant contributions of Glut4 and IRAP to glucose uptake in neurons, our work points to IRAP inhibitors as new pharmacological approaches improving neuronal energy supply to prevent seizure generation in epilepsy."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • FAP • GFAP • SLC2A1 • SLC2A3 • SLC2A4

Neonatal hypoglycemia triggered by maternal ritodrine administration is caused by inhibition of gluconeogenesis in the neonatal liver in rodents. (PubMed, Biochem Biophys Res Commun) - "Since blood glucose levels are regulated by a balance between peripheral glucose utilization and hepatic glucose production, we first assessed peripheral glucose uptake by measuring 2-deoxyglucose incorporation in the pup limbs...Finally, hepatic expression of genes encoding gluconeogenic enzymes was significantly reduced in the ritodrine group. Overall, our findings demonstrate that ritodrine-induced neonatal hypoglycemia is caused by suppression of hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme expression in an insulin-independent manner."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Hypoglycemia

Ditrioxzin synergizes with 2-deoxy-d-glucose to induce redox-dependent metabolic crisis in gastric cancer through dual targeting of peroxiredoxin 3 and glycolysis. (PubMed, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol) - "Combined DTO/2-DG treatment promoted ATP depletion and apoptosis (69.6 % vs 24.1 % DTO alone) via ROS-dependent pathways, an effect abrogated by N-acetylcysteine. In vivo, DTO (10 mg/kg) and 2-DG (500 mg/kg) synergistically suppressed tumor growth (66 %, P < 0.001) in xenograft models without body weight loss or histopathological changes in kidney/heart. Our findings establish DTO as a novel Prx3-targeted agent that synergizes with 2-DG to induce metabolic crisis, providing a high-safety-profile therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer."

Journal • Gastric Cancer • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Solid Tumor