fluconazole IV / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Candida Spondylodiscitis After Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "After discontinuation of empirical antibiotics and initiation of intravenous fluconazole, his neurological status improved; beginning the day after surgery, his lower limb motor strength increased from grade 2 to grade 4, and he was discharged to a rehabilitation facility with motor strength of 4. This case underscores the need for early microbiological diagnosis and surgical biopsy in post‑procedural spinal infections unresponsive to empirical antibiotics. Clinicians should consider fungal etiologies, especially in elderly or oncologic patients. To the best of our knowledge, this represents one of the first documented cases of C. albicans spondylodiscitis following TFESI in an immunocompetent patient."

Journal • Back Pain • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Intravenous Liposomal Amphotericin as an Adjunct to Fluconazole in Pediatric Patients with Central Nervous System Coccidioidomycosis: A Single-Center Case Series. (PubMed, J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc) - "Our institutional experience with IV L-AmB in combination with fluconazole for the initial management of pediatric CNS coccidioidomycosis suggests that +IV L-AmB may help reduce disease progression and improve symptom resolution with mild and transient side effects, although the findings of this case series should be interpreted cautiously due to the small cohort size, limited generalizability, and potential confounding factors."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Infectious Disease • Pain • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases

Beyond Immunosuppression: Recurrent Esophageal Candidiasis and Stricture Formation in a Patient With Chronic Alcohol Use (ACG 2025) - "The patient was started on IV Fluconazole, and an HIV test performed was negative...Chronic alcoholism may act as a contributing factor. Early recognition and a combined approach involving antifungal therapy and endoscopic dilatation may be necessary for optimal managementFigure: EGD showing White plaques, ulcerations and stricturesFigure: EGD showing White plaques, ulcerations and strictures"

Clinical • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Candidiasis • Diabetes • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders

A Non-Stent Management of Esophageal Perforation Secondary to Candida Esophagitis Near the Gastroesophageal Junction (ACG 2025) - "Pleural fluid analysis was consistent with an exudative effusion, with cultures growing Candida Albicans, leading to initiation of intravenous micafungin therapy...The patient received nasogastric feeds, IV fluconazole, and PPIs...However, stents near the GE junction often migrate distally (7–75%). In select patients without mediastinitis or large perforation, non-operative management with antifungals, proton pump inhibitors, and supportive care may be a viable alternative.Figure: CT chest with oral gastrografin coronal and axial views showing oral contrast leakingfrom the posterior left esophageal lumen into the left hemithorax.Figure: CT chest with oral gastrografin coronal and axial views showing oral contrast leakingfrom the posterior left esophageal lumen into the left hemithorax."

Candidiasis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Colonic Clue to a Hidden Diagnosis: Isolated GI Histoplasmosis in an Unaware HIV Patient (ACG 2025) - "Empiric vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam were started for suspected sepsis. Due to pancytopenia and transaminitis, doxycycline was added for possible tick-borne disease which is endemic to the patient's region, and IV fluconazole was added to cover for candidiasis...Subsequently, the patient was started on antiretroviral therapy (bictegravir, emtricitabine, tenofovir) and Amphotericin B, followed by itraconazole...Abnormal Laboratory Findings on Admission.WBC- White Blood Cell count/ AST- Aspartate Aminotransferase/ ALT - Alanine Aminotransferase/ ALP - Alkaline phosphatase/ HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Figure: Figure 1. Endoscopic and histopathologic findingsA-B: Colonoscopy images showing inflamed, erythematous mucosa with ulceration.C-D: Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining demonstrating intracellular yeast forms within necrotizing granulomas and Grocott's methenamine silver (GMS) stain highlighting numerous fungal organisms consistent with..."

Clinical • Candidiasis • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Pancreatitis • Septic Shock • CD4

A SILENT INFILTRATION: EOSINOPHILIC PNEUMONIA (CHEST 2025) - "After failing to see improvement with outpatient courses of amoxicillin, doxycycline, and albuterol inhalers, she sought further evaluation...The patient was initially started on ceftriaxone and azithromycin for community acquired pneumonia...During this time, patient was started on IV fluconazole for coccidioidomycosis coverage...With persistently worsening leukocytosis and symptomology, IV methylprednisolone was started...The patient was discharged on oral prednisone and supplemental oxygen with pulmonology follow-up... Eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare but significant cause of respiratory symptoms, especially in cases where standard pneumonia treatments fail. This case emphasizes the importance of considering EP in patients with persistent respiratory symptoms and peripheral eosinophilia. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with corticosteroids can lead to rapid improvement and prevent severe outcomes."

Cough • Eosinophilia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Influenza • Interstitial Lung Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections

A CURIOUS CASE OF A WEDGE-SHAPED NECROTIC MASS: UNRAVELING PULMONARY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS (CHEST 2025) - "Serologic testing confirmed Coccidioides infection and IV fluconazole was initiated.The patient subsequently developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with progressive hypoxia, requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation... Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis can present with necrotic lung masses, raising concern for malignancy, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Early recognition and differentiation from neoplastic processes are critical prompt antifungal therapy initiation and optimal patient management. This case underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion and comprehensive diagnostic workup in endemic regions."

Clinical • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cough • Diabetes • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Thrombosis

Fluconazole exposure during mechanical circulatory support (MCS) device insertion. (PubMed, Int J Antimicrob Agents) - "In ten patients undergoing MCS device insertion, fluconazole 200 to 400 mg IV achieved median plasma levels of between 3 to 4 mg/L throughout the surgical procedure and may not adequately cover for C. glabrata."

Journal • Candidiasis • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Infectious Disease

Severe disseminated cryptococcosis, with asymptomatic central nervous system involvement, in a very late presenter (EACS 2025) - "Due to a lack of Amphotericin B and 5-Flucytosine, he initially received high-dose intravenous Fluconazole (1600 mg/day) for 30 days, which was replaced by Voriconazole because of continued blood culture positivity; they turned negative after five weeks. A single dose of liposomal Amphotericin B (10 mg/kg) was administered at week 7th.ART (DOR-TDF-3TC) was also initiated at this moment... Our case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of a severe disseminated cryptococcosis, particularly in the absence of neurological symptoms despite extensive CNS involvement, with the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for cryptococcal meningitis in all patients with a CD4 count of less than 100 cells/mm³, regardless of their clinical presentation. Additionally, the importance of carefully timing ART initiation to avoid IRIS. Figure:"

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Regulatory gaps in over-the-counter antifungal access for vulvovaginal candidiasis in Uganda: A policy analysis framework. (PubMed, IJID Reg) - "Five critical policy gaps were identified: (i) diagnostic accuracy: no provisions ensure proper differentiation of VVC from other conditions; (ii) treatment completion: no mechanisms ensure adherence to recommended treatment durations; (iii) safety screening: absence of pregnancy screening requirements for contraindicated fluconazole; (iv) personnel training, inadequate VVC-specific training for drug shop operators; and (v) product regulation: insufficient oversight of combination products...The identified policy gaps potentially compromise women's health outcomes through inappropriate treatment, incomplete therapy courses, preventable medication risks, and conditions that favor the development of antifungal resistance. The policy tensions between accessibility and appropriate use highlight the need for gender-sensitive pharmaceutical regulations that maintain access while implementing targeted safeguards for improved health outcomes and antimicrobial stewardship."

Journal • Candidiasis • Vaginitis • Women's Health

Candida graft arteritis after kidney transplantation: two cases and literature review. (PubMed, Oxf Med Case Reports) - "This report highlights the importance of early recognition, maintenance of sterile conditions during organ transport and vigilant postoperative monitoring to minimise the occurrence of this life-threatening complication burden."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Transplantation

Onychomadesis As a Predictor of Disease Severity in Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case Report (EADV 2025) - "She sought an urgent care facility, where she was hospitalised for 19 days for the treatment of presumed oral candidiasis with intravenous fluconazole...Human immunoglobulin (2 g/kg over five days) led to partial improvement, but azathioprine was discontinued due to gastrointestinal intolerance and liver enzyme abnormalities...Complete mucocutaneous re-epithelialisation was achieved following rituximab infusion (1000 mg, repeated after 14 days)... Nail involvement may precede, coincide with, or be the sole manifestation of PV. Its presence should prompt thorough evaluation and may serve as a predictor of disease severity and treatment resistance, as illustrated in this case."

Case report • Clinical • Candidiasis • Dermatology • Immunology • Mood Disorders • Pemphigus Vulgaris • Septic Shock

Caught Between Flare and Fungal Infection: A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Challenge in Sarcoidosis (WASOG-AASOG 2025) - "Infliximab was added 4 months later due to failure to taper prednisone below 20mg despite methotrexate 12.5mg weekly, along with associated weight gain and mildly elevated LFT...He was treated with iv fluconazole and flucytosine, with clinical improvement...To note, pulmonary sarcoidosis involves hilar lymphadenopathy, upper and middle lung zones, and shows peri lymphatic micronodules, while pulmonary cryptococcosis favors peripheral and lower lobe lesions.4 He had new infiltrates in the lower lobe region while on immunosuppressive treatment that raised a diagnostic dilemma of sarcoidosis flare vs an alternative diagnosis, resulting in further evaluation and treatment. Following treatment for cryptococcosis, immunosuppression should be reintroduced based on sarcoidosis severity, risk of organ damage, and control of cryptococcal infection.Our case highlights the importance of cumulative risk of immunosuppression, environmental exposure and vigilance for opportunistic..."

Chronic Cough • Cough • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Obesity • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sarcoidosis

Candida parapsilosis Oral Infection in an HIV-Negative Infant With Profound CD4+ Lymphopenia: Unveiling a Rare Immunodeficiency Scenario. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Treatment with intravenous fluconazole resulted in rapid clinical improvement. This report underscores the importance of early immunological evaluation and genetic investigation in pediatric patients with atypical oral candidiasis."

Journal • Candidiasis • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • CD4

Conservative approach for intra-amniotic Candida albicans colonisation. Case report and review of current evidence. (PubMed, Case Rep Perinat Med) - "The infant showed no signs of fungaemia and had an uneventful clinical course after 14 days of treatment with fluconazole. Conservative management with intravenous fluconazole in pregnant women with intra-amniotic colonisation by C. albicans at early GA, can contribute to the prolongation of pregnancy while protecting the foetus from fungal disease."

Journal • Cervical Cancer • Infectious Disease

Rare case of prosthetic and non-prosthetic Candida arthritis of bilateral knee joints by Candida parapsilosis successfully treated with fluconazole: A diagnostic paradox. (PubMed, IDCases) - "Blood culture was sterile but direct multiple intra-articular injections of methylprednisolone taken one month back turned out to be an important predisposing factor in the case. All antibiotics were stopped and patient was solely put on IV fluconazole for two weeks after which she showed miraculous symptomatic improvement."

Journal • Candidiasis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Orthopedics • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Rheumatology

Fungal Empyema Thoracis, A Diagnostic Dilemma; A Case Series (ATS 2025) - "Intravenous Fluconazole was administered, resulting in significant improvement and successful extubation after five days.Case 2: A 79-year-old female with hypertension and diabetes, initially treated for a sacral decubitus ulcer, later developed acute respiratory failure due to hospital-acquired pneumonia and pleural effusion... Fungal empyema imposes high risk of mortality, especially if undiagnosed. High clinical suspicion and early detection is the key to prevent those from occurring. This case series will serve as a resource for potential successful treatment with fluconazole and drainage especially since, there are no clear guidelines for treatment of fungal empyema per the Infectious Diseases Society of America"

Clinical • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Vascular Neurology

Acute Interstitial Lung Disease as a Result of Combination Medication of Abemaciclib and Fluconazole (ATS 2025) - "She was administrated with intravenous Fluconazole 400 milligram (mg) per day for the treatment of cryptococcal pneumonia. Figure1 Interstitial changes of the Apical segment. Compared to baseline HRCT (A), the Ground-glass opacities and reticulars developed rapidly after adding fluconazle on the basis of Abemaciclib (B and C), while improved after discontinuation of Abemaciclib and administration of Methylprednisolone (D)."

Breast Cancer • Cough • Infectious Disease • Interstitial Lung Disease • Oncology • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor • CRP

OSTEOARTICULAR INFECTIONS IN INFANTS UNDER 2 MONTHS SECONDARY TO CANDIDA ALBICANS. (ESPID 2025) - "Two cases developed C.albicans sepsis between 25-35 days before joint involvement, treated with IV fluconazole for 15 and 21 days...Learning Points/Discussion OAI caused by C. albicans should be suspected in at-risk populations, especially if candidemia, as it rarely presents in isolation. Early diagnosis and appropriate empirical therapy are essential to prevent sequelae in these patients."

Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

A CASE OF PRIMARY CUTANEOUS CRYPTOCOCCOSIS DUE TO CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT PEDIATRIC HOST (ESPID 2025) - "A chest X-ray was performed to exclude pulmonary cryptococcosis.The patient was initially treated with intravenous fluconazole but then switched to voriconazole due to resistance, leading to profound clinical improvement, within two weeks.Topical wound care with regenerative cream was also applied. Learning Points/Discussion To our knowledge, this is one of the few published cases of PCC in immunocompetent children. Prolonged systemic antifungal therapy combined with topical wound care, as well as clinical follow-up and immunological work up is necessary to achieve healing without relapse."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4 • CD8 • IFNG • IL12A • IL12RB1

CHALLENGES IN MANAGING SEVERE TRICHOPHYTON TONSURANS SCALP INFECTIONS IN ADOLESCENTS: A CASE STUDY (ESPID 2025) - "The patient received 13 days of intravenous fluconazole...Intravenous voriconazole was administered for 10 days, followed by a 20-day course of oral itraconazole...Learning Points/Discussion This case underscores the challenges in managing severe T. tonsurans infections and highlights the importance of adherence to antifungal therapy and comprehensive immunological evaluation. Further research into immune factors, such as Langerhans cell density, is warranted to understand chronic dermatophytosis better."

Case study • Clinical • Infectious Disease • CD1a

DERMATOPHYTOSIS IN A CHILD COMPLICATED BY ALOPECIA– CASE PRESENTATION (ESPID 2025) - "A diagnosis of tinea capitis with secondary staphylococcal superinfection was established, and treatment was initiated with intravenous fluconazole for 7 days, followed by oral fluconazole for one month...Learning Points/Discussion In advanced cases, dermatophytoses can pose diagnostic challenges due to delayed identification, increasing the risk of secondary infections and post-infectious alopecia. Systemic therapy is the treatment of choice, as topical treatment alone does not effectively penetrate the hair follicle."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

Ectopic ACTH Syndrome In A Patient With Pheochromocytoma (ESPE-ESE 2025) - "The patient’s hormone levels showed that ACTH was 19.8 pg/mL, cortisol was 15.4 µg/dL, DHEA-SO4 was 89.51 µg/dL (34.5-568.9), 24-hour urine cortisol was 46.69 µg (10-100), 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test was 11.1, 24-hour urine metanephrine was 2719 µg, normetanephrine was 2693 µg, plasma metanephrine was 303 pg/mL, and normetanephrine was 935 pg/mL...During follow-up, the patient rapidly became hypokalemic, potassium replacement was administered, and spironolactone was started...We started the patient on 400 mg of fluconazole intravenously...The management of these patients is difficult, and there may be difficulties in obtaining therapeutic agents. Proper preoperative recognition and management can result in total cure."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Endocrine Cancer • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Pain • Rare Diseases • Solid Tumor

Candida Meningitis Accompanied by Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Candidiasis in an Immunocompromised Host. (PubMed, Infect Dis Clin Microbiol) - "This study presents a case of Candida meningitis in a patient with psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis treated with adalimumab. He was treated with intravenous fluconazole and liposomal amphotericin B combination therapy for 28 days. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of fungal meningitis in immunocompromised hosts."

Journal • Ankylosing Spondylitis • Candidiasis • CNS Disorders • Dermatology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Psoriasis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Oral Fluconazole Absorption in a Complicated Post-Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Patient: A Case Report. (PubMed, J Pharm Pract) - "The patient had been maintained on combination therapy with intravenous (IV) micafungin and oral fluconazole due to persistent candidemia prior to source control and concerns regarding fluconazole absorption. On admission, the patient was switched to IV fluconazole in the setting of possible small bowel obstruction...Fluconazole displays linear pharmacokinetics, therefore the degree of oral absorption reduction would directly correspond to a decreased trough level. Pharmacists and providers should continue to be vigilant when evaluating drug efficacy in patients who have undergone gastric bypass procedures, especially those with malabsorptive mechanisms."

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