roxithromycin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Estimating macrolide antibiotics use in a typical region of Taihu Lake Basin, China through wastewater-based epidemiology. (PubMed, Environ Geochem Health) - "The concentrations of four MLs-erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin-were determined. A significant increase in antibiotic usage was observed in January 2023 that the other sampling months, accompanying with low ambient temperatures. The data set on MLs consumption provides valuable insights for evaluating antibiotic usage patterns under varying temporal and climatic conditions."

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Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in China's aquatic environments: A decadal update (2013-2022). (PubMed, J Hazard Mater) - "Ecological risk assessments identified nine PPCPs as high-risk pollutants: norfloxacin, roxithromycin, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, ibuprofen, caffeine, carbamazepine, and diethyltoluamide. Joint probability curves indicated that oxytetracycline, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, erythromycin, caffeine, and tetracycline posed low to high risk to aquatic ecosystems, with maximum risk levels ranging from 1.14 % to 10.8 %. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, influencing factors, and ecological risks associated with PPCPs in China over the past decade, offering a scientific basis for developing strategies to control PPCP pollution and mitigate associated risks."

Journal • Review

Comparative Developmental Toxicity of Roxithromycin in Danio rerio and Xenopus laevis. (PubMed, J Appl Toxicol) - "These findings show that zebrafish are more prone to cardiac and morphological disruption, while X. laevis exhibits stronger biochemical stress responses. Overall, the study highlights the ecological relevance of macrolide antibiotics and supports the use of cross-species testing in environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems."

Journal • CAT

Bovine Mastitis-Derived Bacillus cereus in Inner Mongolia: Strain Characterization, Virulence Factor Identification, and Pathogenicity Validation. (PubMed, Vet Sci) - "Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high resistance to tetracycline (38.46%), cotrimoxazole (15.38%), and ciprofloxacin (7.69%), while complete sensitivity (100%) was observed for gentamicin, amikacin, and roxithromycin. Our findings highlight B. cereus as an emerging virulent pathogen in Inner Mongolian dairy herds, necessitating enhanced surveillance of virulence factors and antimicrobial stewardship in mastitis management. This study provides critical epidemiological data to inform clinical veterinary practices and targeted intervention strategies."

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TiO₂-modified activated carbon for pharmaceutical contaminant removal: experimental and in-silico insights using density functional theory. (PubMed, J Environ Health Sci Eng) - "Unmodified AC removed 67.76-82.09% of ECs such as carbamazepine, flumequine, clarithromycin, azithromycin, and roxithromycin, and 44.54-52.27% of sulfamerazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamonomethoxine, trimethoprim, and levofloxacin. TiO₂-modified AC demonstrates high efficiency for pharmaceutical removal from water, highlighting great promise as a sustainable and advanced adsorbent material, offering practical solutions for tackling diverse water pollution challenges. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-025-00966-w."

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Identifying urban river antibiotic sources by integrating fluorescence characterization and path modeling as an alternative to empirical PMF approaches. (PubMed, J Hazard Mater) - "Dehydrated erythromycin (ETM-H2O) was the dominant antibiotic, accounting for 45-94 % of total concentrations. Tryptophan-like components also indirectly influenced fluoroquinolones and roxithromycin via phosphorus mediation (β = 0.264 and 0.552, respectively), suggesting additional contributions from manure fertilization in riparian vegetable fields. This study demonstrates the value of coupling DOM fluorescence and path modeling for identifying antibiotic sources in urban waters."

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Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Chongming District, Shanghai, China from 2020 to 2023. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "Between 2020 and 2023, the rate of antibiotic resistance to azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, methomycin, strong bacteriocins, sparfloxacin, and levofloxacin decreased against MH. The prevalence of MH and UU should pay more attention in China. Josamycin, methomycin, and strong bacteriocins maintained outstanding activity against MH and UU, although the resistance rate of MH to josamycin increased."

Journal • Infectious Disease

From waterways to the brain: Unraveling the environmental triggers of depression through PPCPs-gene network convergence. (PubMed, Ecotoxicol Environ Saf) - "Through systematic analysis of Nanjing's aquatic chemical burden (prioritizing dimenhydrinate, ibuprofen, padimate-O, caffeine, and roxithromycin), we identified 3073 conserved molecular targets bridging PPCPs toxicity and depression etiology via Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and GeneCards interrogation. Candidate targets highlight testable hypotheses for future experimental validation. These findings suggest selected PPCPs with neuroactive properties may warrant further investigation as environmental modifiers of depression risk."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Inflammation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • CD59 • CUX1 • HSPA8 • IL17A

Three-dimensional synergistic mechanism ofphysical injury, microbiota dysbiosis, and gene transfer in the gut of Cipangopaludina cathayensisunder microplastics and roxithromycin exposure. (PubMed, J Environ Manage) - "Combined exposure triggered DNA repair and SOS pathways, facilitating horizontal gene transfer. These findings highlight a three-dimensional synergistic mechanism-physical damage, microbial dysbiosis, and gene transfer-that amplifies ARG dissemination and intestinal toxicity, underscoring the need to assess ecological risks of composite pollutants in freshwater systems.These processes form a self-reinforcing loop in which physical epithelial damage promotes microbial dysbiosis, which in turn facilitates ARG proliferation through increased permeability and immune disruption."

Journal • Review • Gene Therapies

Antibiotics in northern China's largest shallow wetland lake: Occurrence, bioaccumulation, ecological risk, and indicator screening. (PubMed, J Environ Sci (China)) - "However, four antibiotics were exceptions: clarithromycin (12.5 %) and sulfamethoxazole (6.25 %) presented a high risk in surface water samples, while norfloxacin (25.0 %) and ciprofloxacin (25.0 %) posed a high risk in sediment samples. Norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and roxithromycin were identified as key indicator antibiotics for enhancing the local monitoring and control of antibiotic contamination based on four criteria: (1) high concentrations, (2) frequent detection, (3) capacity for bioaccumulation, and (4) ecological risk levels. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the status of antibiotic contamination, bioaccumulation characteristics, and ecological risk in Baiyang Lake, thereby supporting efforts to monitor and regulate antibiotic pollution."

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Data-driven persistence correction and environmental health prioritization of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in biological wastewater treatment processes. (PubMed, Water Res) - "The results showed that the priorities of roxithromycin, ketoprofen, clarithromycin, tetracycline, and sulfadimethoxypyrimidine were incorrectly assessed. Finally, diclofenac, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, roxithromycin, amoxicillin, and ketoprofen were identified as high-priority PPCPs. This framework enables persistence correction and informed prioritization for environmental risk management and wastewater treatment for PPCPs."

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Effects of Roxithromycin Exposure on the Nitrogen Metabolism and Environmental Bacterial Recruitment of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. (PubMed, Plants (Basel)) - "The 0.25 and 1 mg/L ROX treatments significantly enhanced the carbohydrate metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism of the environmental bacteria, but significantly downregulated nitrogen denitrification. This study provides new insights into the environmental bacteria-driven recovery mechanism of microalgae under antibiotic stress."

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Ulcerative Sarcoidosis With Cutaneous Sarcoid Granulomatous Vasculitis Successfully Treated by Combination Therapy of Tranilast and Roxithromycin. (PubMed, J Dermatol) - No abstract available

Journal • Immunology • Sarcoidosis • Vasculitis

Emerging contaminants in the lower Yangtze River basin: spatiotemporal distribution, ecological risks in surface water, and fate in wastewater treatment plants. (PubMed, Environ Pollut) - "Temporally, doxycycline, salicylic acid, ibuprofen, diclofenac and perfluorooctanoic acid peaked in winter, whereas ethinyl estradiol and triisobutyl phosphate showed higher concentrations in summer and autumn...The effluent concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid, doxycycline, Triethyl phosphate, roxithromycin and Tris-(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate usually exceeded 20 ng/L due to their low removal efficiencies, where moreover, ECs with high influent concentrations but removal efficiencies above 80% still posed significant effluent risks. These results suggest that, besides adopting advanced treatment technologies (e.g., adsorption, ion exchange), source control is also crucial. This study offers key insights into Yangtze River EC pollution, supporting better monitoring and management."

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Two Prophylactic Antibiotic Protocols Compared for the Treatment of Preterm Pre-labor Rupture of Membranes. (PubMed, J Obstet Gynaecol Can) - "Cefuroxime+azithromycin as a prophylactic for PPROM <370 weeks showed less maternal peripartum infectious outcomes than ampicillin+roxithromycin; this was supported by the bacteriologic findings."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Emerging Pollutants in a Secondary Tributary in Chongqing Section of the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River (PubMed, Huan Jing Ke Xue) - "Five Class I priority characteristic pollutants were selected from surface water by the comprehensive evaluation method， namely MEHP， HAT， roxithromycin （ROM）， BTA， and dihydrotestosterone （DDET）. It is recommended to strengthen the monitoring and management of related compounds in the subsequent work and to pay attention to the source， environmental trend， and degradation and transformation mechanism of compounds."

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A survey of antibiotic contamination in tap water and associated health risks in China. (PubMed, Environ Pollut) - "The top three most commonly detected antibiotics were roxithromycin (74.4%), dehydrated erythromycin (60.3%), and acetylated sulfamethoxazole (33.3%). The maximum summed EDI of all antibiotics ranged from 1.43×10-3 μg/kg/day to 8.03×10-3 μg/kg/day for infants, toddlers, children, teenagers, and adults, with all HQs and HIs based on toxicological or microbiological effect being below 4.0×10-3. These findings indicate an extensive antibiotic contamination in tap water in China, with regional and economic development-related differences, and a low health risk suggested based on current human safety thresholds."

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Antibiotic resistance rates in Cutibacterium acnes isolated from patients with acne vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "A total of 8,846 studies were systematically retrieved and 23 studies were included, corresponding to 2,046 isolates of C. acnes, which have shown antibiotic resistance rates ranging from high to low: 48.17% (95% CI: 41.16-55.24%) for roxithromycin, 45.64% (95% CI: 20.49-73.22%) for clarithromycin, 43.33% (95% CI: 27.81-60.29%) for azithromycin, 29.20% (95% CI: 22.14-37.43%) for erythromycin, 22.38% (95% CI: 14.69-32.56%) for clindamycin, 5.93% (95% CI: 2.91-11.69%) for levofloxacin, 2.44% (95% CI: 0.99-5.89%) for doxycycline, 1.47% (95% CI: 0.00-85.72%) for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), 1.31% (95% CI: 0.45-3.70%) for tetracycline, 0.28% (95% CI: 0.04-1.94%) for chloramphenicol, 0.22% (95% CI: 0.03-1.89%) for minocycline. In addition, the resistance rates to levofloxacin, erythromycin, and clindamycin markedly increased over time (p < 0.05). This emphasizes the significance of rational use of the antibiotics in acne treatment."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Acne Vulgaris • Dermatology

Removal of antibiotic and disinfectant compounds from digested pig manure by an aerobic hybrid biofilm process. (PubMed, Sci Total Environ) - "The dissipation of sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, roxithromycin, erythromycin, tylosin, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, benzalkonium chloride C12 and -C14 (BAC-12 and -14) was observed in small laboratory batch MBBRs with digested pig manure. The ARG-abundance increased after antibiotic spiking and declined during incubation, reducing direct ARG spread to the environment by degrading antimicrobial concentrations. We, therefore, propose to treat anaerobically digested manure by aerobic biofilm treatment for antibiotic removal."

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Infection of neonates with Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital, Ghana. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "The MRSA isolates were more susceptible to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, and cephalexin but resistant to cloxacillin, ampicillin, roxithromycin, and lincomycin. Overcrowding is a common issue in the Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital (DPH), as it is in most hospitals around the country. The study intended to bring to the notice of mothers, hospital staff, and caregivers the risk factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among neonates at DPH."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease

First-trimester exposure to macrolides and risk of major congenital malformations compared with amoxicillin: A French nationwide cohort study. (PubMed, PLoS Med) - "The findings indicate that macrolide exposure during the first trimester is not strongly associated with an increased risk for most individual MCMs, which is reassuring. However, an increased risk of spina bifida and syndactyly remains possible. Future studies are required to investigate these observations further as evidence continues to grow."

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Level of Typical Antibiotics in Effluent from Beijing Wastewater Treatment Plants (PubMed, Huan Jing Ke Xue) - "The results showed that a total of 13 antibiotics in four categories were detected in nine WWTPs, with total concentrations ranging from 16.18 to 330.02 ng·L-1, among which sulfapyridine, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin were detected at a rate of 100%； sulfadimethoxine was detected at a rate of 88.9%； and sulfadoxine, sulfachloropyridazine, and ofloxacin were detected at a rate of 77.8%. Among the macrolide antibiotics, clarithromycin was detected at a relatively low concentration level, and the remaining types were comparable to those of other WWTPs. Correlation analysis of antibiotic concentrations with conventional water quality indicators, anionic active agents, and heavy metals showed that sulfonamide antibiotics had no significant correlation with most of the indicators mentioned above, whereas macrolide antibiotics were positively correlated with TP, BOD, anionic active agents, etc."

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Amorphous Roxithromycin Loaded in-situ Gel for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Induced Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "In vivo antibacterial experiments also showed that the ROX in-situ gel has superior antibacterial efficacy and excellent biocompatibility. These results suggest that the thermo-sensitive ROX in-situ gel is a promising formulation for treating bacterial upper respiratory tract infections."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

The Non-Antibacterial Effects of Azithromycin and Other Macrolides on the Bronchial Epithelial Barrier and Cellular Differentiation. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, AZM, solithromycin, and tobramycin (an aminoglycoside) were analyzed using RNA sequencing, barrier integrity assays, and immunostaining to evaluate effects on the epithelium. Treatment with AZM, clarithromycin, and erythromycin raised TEER and induced phospholipid retention. AZM treatment was distinct in terms of enhancement of the epithelial barrier, retention of phospholipids, vesicle build-up, and its effect on gene sets related to keratinocyte differentiation and establishment of skin barrier."

Journal • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Comprehensive assessment of 45 antibiotics in ten urban wastewater treatment plants in Northeastern China: Terminal treatment is not a reliable guard. (PubMed, J Hazard Mater) - "The results showed that the total influent concentrations ranged from 9351.63 to 50126.08 ng/L, with the primary contributors being Norfloxacin (NOR), Ofloxacin (OFX) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP), accounting for 57.63, 18.09 and 9.01 %, respectively...Certain antibiotics, such as Clindamycin hydrochloride (CLH), Roxithromycin (ROX) and Lomefloxacin (LOF), exhibited significant fluctuations...Antibiotic emissions from different WWTPs ranged from 20.75 to 284.66 g/day, with Clarithromycin (CLA), Erythromycin (ERY) and OFX being the primary contributors...More importantly, the study highlighted the current lack of predictive methods for such fluctuations. Correlation analysis between operational parameters and removal rates revealed weak relationships."

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