hydronidone (F351) / GNI Group, Gyre Therapeutics - LARVOL DELTA

HYDRONIDONE ACTIVATES THE PTEN–ATG7 AXIS TO RESTORE MITOPHAGY AND CURB OXIDATIVE STRESS IN HEPATOCYTES DURING EXPERIMENTAL LIVER FIBROSIS (AASLD 2025) - "HDD mitigates hepatocyte injury in fibrotic liver by binding to PTEN and activating the PTEN–ATG7 pathway, which restores mitophagy and limits oxidative stress. These findings position HDD as a promising therapeutic candidate for liver fibrosis."

Oxidative stress • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure • ATG7 • PTEN

THE MECHANISM OF HYDROXYNIDONE IN THE TREATMENT OF LIVER FIBROSIS BY TARGETING CTSL-SIRT1 TO REGULATE LIPID METABOLISM REPROGRAMMING OF HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS. (AASLD 2025) - "By targeting the CTSL enzyme active site in HSC, hydronidone inhibits the degradation of SirT1 by CTSL, thereby protecting the intrinsic endogenous lipid droplets of HSC and inhibiting HSC activation, thereby reversing liver fibrosis."

Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Metabolic Disorders • CTSL • SIRT1 • TGFB1

FROM TRIALS TO TARGETS: HYDRONIDONE'S MECHANISTIC ROLE IN REVERSING HEPATIC FIBROSIS (AASLD 2025) - "HDD reversed the glycolytic reprogramming mediated by LOXL2/YBX1/HIF1a axis during HSC activation. HDD alleviated liver fibrosis by directly targeting STAT3 which regulated Loxl2 at transcriptional level in HSCs."

Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • HIF1A • JAK1 • STAT3 • YBX1

PHASE 3 TRIAL OF HYDRONIDONE FOR LIVER FIBROSIS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B (AASLD 2025) - P3 | "Despite antiviral therapy with entecavir, 25.81% of placebo-treated patients experienced fibrosis progression, compared to only 8.94% in the hydronidone group... Hydronidone was superior to placebo in promoting fibrosis regression and demonstrated a favorable safety profile in CHB patients. (NCT05115942)"

P3 data • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis • TGFB1

Hydronidone Alleviates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Inhibiting CD36 Expression. (PubMed, FASEB J) - "Overexpression of CD36 blocked the therapeutic effect of HDD on MASLD models. HDD could alleviate the disease progression by inhibiting the expression of CD36 in MASLD mice and cell models."

Journal • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • CD36 • SCARB1

TGF-β inhibitors: the future for prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis? (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "In clinical trials, drugs such as Pirfenidone and Hydronidone have demonstrated potential for fibrosis reversal in patients with chronic hepatitis. Although TGF-β-targeted therapy has made breakthroughs in basic research and clinical translation, future studies need to focus on multi-target drug design, personalized treatment regimens, and novel delivery systems to accelerate the transition from preclinical research to clinical application, providing innovative therapeutic strategies for liver fibrosis and related liver diseases."

Journal • Review • Fibrosis • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Oncology • Solid Tumor • SMAD4 • TGFB1

Mechanism-guided drug development and treatment for liver fibrosis: a clinical perspective. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "Moreover, multi-pathway guided combination therapy or traditional Chinese medicine demonstrate significant advantages in combating liver fibrosis. Finally, new technologies and approaches affecting the clinical development of anti-hepatic fibrosis drugs were discussed."

Journal • Review • Fibrosis • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure • Oncology • Solid Tumor • FASN • FGF21

Hydronidone for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis Associated with Chronic Hepatitis B: Protocol for a Phase 3 Randomized Trial. (PubMed, J Clin Transl Hepatol) - "Our Phase 2 trial of hydronidone for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-associated liver fibrosis showed that adding hydronidone to entecavir resulted in significant reversal of liver fibrosis...The primary endpoint of the trial is to demonstrate the efficacy of fibrosis reversal, defined as a decrease in the Ishak stage score of liver fibrosis by ≥1 after 52 weeks of treatment, compared to baseline. The results of this trial are expected to further support the antifibrotic indication for this novel drug."

Journal • P3 data • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis

Gyre Therapeutics Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Financial Results and Provides Business Update (GlobeNewswire) - "Pipeline Development Updates: F351 (Hydronidone): (i) All patients completed 52-week pivotal Phase 3 trial in chronic hepatitis B ('CHB')-associated liver fibrosis in the PRC. In October 2024, Gyre Pharmaceuticals announced the last patient completed the 52-week pivotal Phase 3 trial. The trial is evaluating 248 patients with CHB-associated liver fibrosis in the PRC with a primary endpoint of the reduction of the liver fibrosis score (Ishak Scoring System) by at least one stage after taking F351 in combination with entecavir. Gyre expects to report topline data in the second quarter of 2025; (ii) Plans to initiate a Phase 2 clinical trial in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis ('MASH')-associated liver fibrosis in 2025. Pending the results from the pivotal Phase 3 trial in CHB-associated liver fibrosis, Gyre intends to initiate a Phase 2 proof-of-concept trial in the U.S. to evaluate F351 for the treatment of MASH-associated liver fibrosis in 2025."

Enrollment closed • New P2 trial • P3 data: top line • Fibrosis • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Thio-ProTide strategy: A novel H2S donor-drug conjugate (DDC) alleviates hepatic injury via innate lysosomal targeting. (PubMed, Acta Pharm Sin B) - "Lysosomal H2S accumulation and H2S DDC activation were facilitated by the hydrolysis through the specific lysosomal hydrolase, representing a distinct mechanism for lysosomal targeting independent of the classical basic moieties. These findings provided a novel pattern for the design of optimally therapeutic H2S DDC and organelle-targeting functional molecules."

Journal • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure

Hydronidone for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis Associated with Chronic Viral Hepatitis B Phase 3 Trial. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=248 | Completed | Sponsor: Beijing Continent Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. | Recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Jan 2025 ➔ Oct 2024

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis

Hydronidone for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis Associated With Chronic Viral Hepatitis B Phase 3 Trial. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=248 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Beijing Continent Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 ➔ Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2024 ➔ Oct 2024

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis

Hydronidone induces apoptosis in activated hepatic stellate cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. (PubMed, J Gastroenterol Hepatol) - "The findings of both in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that HDD induces apoptosis in aHSCs via the ERS-associated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, potentially contributing to the amelioration of liver fibrosis."

Journal • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Metabolic Disorders

Hydroxynidone Capsules in Long-term Treatment in Patients With Chronic Viral Hepatitis B Liver Fibrosis (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=248 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Beijing Continent Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis

HYDRONIDONE AMELIORATES LIVER FIBROSIS BY INHIBITING ACTIVATION OF HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS VIA Smad7-MEDIATED DEGRADATION OF TGFΒRI (AASLD 2023) - "HDD ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cells activation via Smad7-mediated TGFβRⅠ degradation. HDD is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis."

Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • CAV1 • SMAD7 • TGFB1

Hydronidone ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting activation of hepatic stellate cells via Smad7-mediated degradation of TGFβRI. (PubMed, Liver Int) - "Hydronidone ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting HSCs activation via Smad7-mediated TGFβRI degradation. Hydronidone is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis."

Journal • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • SMAD7 • TGFB1

Hydroxynidone Capsules in Long-term Treatment in Patients With Chronic Viral Hepatitis B Liver Fibrosis (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=248 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Beijing Continent Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd.

New P3 trial • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis

A Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interactions Study between Entecavir and Hydronidone, a Potential Novel Antifibrotic Small Molecule, in Healthy Male Volunteers. (PubMed, Adv Ther) - "There was no drug-drug interaction between hydronidone and entecavir in healthy male volunteers. However, multiple doses of hydronidone have a risk with increasing exposure to entecavir in vivo, which needs to be further clarified."

Clinical • Journal • PK/PD data • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Oncology

Hydroxynitone suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation by inhibiting TGF-β1 phosphorylation to alleviate CCl-induced liver fibrosis in rats (PubMed, Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao) - "Hydronidone can inhibit the phosphorylation of the proteins in the TGF-β signaling pathway, thereby preventing TGF-β1-mediated activation of hepatic stellate cells, which may be a possible mechanism by which hydronidone alleviates CCl-induced liver fibrosis in rats."

Journal • Preclinical • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis • SMAD3 • TGFB1

A novel, simple and reliable method for the determination of hydronidone and its metabolites M3 and M4 in human plasma and urine by HPLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in health Chinese subjects. (PubMed, Anal Biochem) - "The parameters such as linearity, selectivity, lower precision, accuracy, recovery, stability and matrix effects were validated by the methodology and met the requirements specified by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency. The method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics of hydronidone and its metabolites M3 and M4 in healthy Chinese volunteers."

Journal • PK/PD data • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis

Hydronidone for the treatment of liver fibrosis related to chronic hepatitis B: a Phase 2 randomized controlled trial. (PubMed, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol) - P2 | "Hydronidone plus entecavir showed clinically significant histological improvement of liver fibrosis in CHB patients and the dose of 270 mg showed best efficacy of fibrosis regression. Further studies are required to assess the long-term effectiveness of hydronidone in regression of hepatic fibrosis."

Clinical • Journal • P2 data • Fibrosis • Gastrointestinal Cancer • Hepatitis B • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor