menotropin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Optimizing ovarian stimulation in oocyte donation: exploratory comparison of rhFSH (2:1) versus hp-hMG under PPOS protocols. (PubMed, JBRA Assist Reprod) - "In this exploratory case series, rhFSH:rhLH within PPOS demonstrated more favorable laboratory outcomes. These results generate hypotheses and support the need for further studies to confirm the observations and determine their clinical relevance in oocyte donation programs."

Journal

Patterns of Use of Follitropin Delta in Brazilian Assisted Reproduction: Results of the Multicenter PURO Real World Study. (PubMed, JBRA Assist Reprod) - "Follitropin delta was predominantly used in combination with menotropin and was associated with robust oocyte yield, favorable ongoing pregnancy rates, and low severe OHSS incidence, supporting its feasibility and safety in routine clinical practice."

Journal • Real-world evidence

Re-assessment of the therapeutic LH window in normogonadotropic IVF patients. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) - "Studies evaluated included i) preclinical studies using in vivo superovulation models in rodents and ii) clinical studies in normogonadotropic IVF patients undergoing OS with recombinant FSH (r-FSH) supplemented with r-LH, urinary human chorionic gonadotropin (u-hCG) or r-hCG or with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)...Whether commercial combination gonadotropins have inhibitory effects on multiple follicular development is difficult to judge and may depend on the protocol, dose of FSH, dose of LH/hCG, number of treatment days and the potency of the specific LH/hCG preparation. It is concluded that normogonadotropic IVF patients undergoing OS have a clearly defined therapeutic LH window below and above which clinical outcome is compromised."

Journal • Review • Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome

The Historical and Contemporary Significance of Gonadotropins: Insights from Avicenna and Modern Science. (PubMed, J Obstet Gynaecol India) - "It further draws connections to modern reproductive medicine's use of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Research indicates that estradiol metabolites are primarily excreted in elephant urine, while progesterone metabolites are nearly equally divided between feces and urine...His pioneering research advances reproductive medicine, bridging ancient and modern understandings of human fertility. However, animal-derived products may pose safety risks and should be used under specialist supervision."

Journal

Mature oocyte retrieval without an exogenous trigger during random-start stimulation in a very early intrauterine pregnancy: a case report. (PubMed, F S Rep) - "Luteal-phase RS-COS using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) 300 IU daily...This case demonstrates that it may be possible to perform COS in early pregnancy and be able to retrieve mature oocytes without the use of an exogenous trigger. To our knowledge, there are no previous published reports of multiple metaphase II oocyte retrieval without an exogenous trigger during RS-COS."

Journal • Breast Cancer • HER2 Breast Cancer • HER2 Positive Breast Cancer • Inflammatory Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • ER • HER-2 • PGR

Effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome clinical outcome in infertile females treated with letrozole: a randomized controlled trial. (PubMed, Saudi Pharm J) - "Non-responsive cycles during ovulation induction with letrozole (LZ) often necessitate the use of human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG), which may be associated with undesirable adverse effects. Although serum estradiol, mid-luteal progesterone, and endometrial thickness showed numerically higher values in the ALA group, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant after Bonferroni adjustment. The addition of ALA to LZ improved ovulation and pregnancy outcomes and was associated with favorable metabolic and hormonal effects in women with PCOS."

Clinical data • Journal • Infertility • Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome

Comparison of Ovarian Stimulation Protocols in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Case Series and Review of Literature. (PubMed, Int J Womens Health) - "The first patient had diminished ovarian reserve and concomitant male factor infertility, received combination of follitropin delta, menotropin, and adjuvant of growth hormone during stimulation and subsequent intrauterine pregnancy was achieved...This case series demonstrated heterogenous reproductive outcomes following different stimulation protocols, suggesting that tailored gonadotropin-based therapy may be effective in selected patients with HH. The potential benefit of adjunctive growth hormone requires further evaluation in larger prospective studies."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Gynecology • Infertility • Sexual Disorders

Erzhi Tiangui formula ameliorates ovarian aging by enhancing antioxidant defense via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. (PubMed, J Ovarian Res) - "EZTG attenuates ovarian aging by coordinated activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, enhancing antioxidant defenses, inhibiting apoptosis, and restoring mitochondrial function in a dose-dependent manner. These findings provide mechanistic insights into EZTG's potential as a therapeutic intervention for age-related ovarian decline."

IO biomarker • Journal • Anesthesia • BAX • BCL2 • CASP3 • GPX1 • KEAP1

Recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) versus other recombinant or urinary gonadotropins for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technology cycles. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "Live birth and clinical pregnancies are probably lower with rFSH compared to HMG/HP-HMG, while OHSS is probably higher with rFSH when compared to HMG/HP-HMG. There is probably little to no difference in live birth, clinical pregnancy, or OHSS between rFSH and FSH-HP. When compared with follitropin delta, there is probably little or no difference in live birth or clinical pregnancy, while OHSS is probably higher with rFSH. When compared with biosimilars, live birth and clinical pregnancies are probably higher with rFSH, while there may be little or no difference in OHSS."

Clinical • Journal • Review • Gynecology • Infertility • Sexual Disorders

Luteinizing hormone supplementation and cumulative live birth rate in assisted reproductive technology cycles among women of advanced reproductive age. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) - "This study aimed to compare the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) associated with ovarian stimulation using recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) alone or in combination with recombinant LH (rLH) or human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG)...Among women of advanced reproductive age undergoing ART, recombinant LH supplementation was associated with a higher CLBR compared with rFSH alone or rFSH combined with HMG, whereas the difference versus rFSH combined with HMG was not statistically significant in unadjusted analyses. These findings suggest a potential benefit of rLH, but causality cannot be inferred and results should be interpreted with caution."

Journal • Retrospective data

Successful Pregnancy in a Woman With Primary Infertility Associated With Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism and Partial Empty Sella Syndrome: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotropin resulted in pregnancy after one stimulation cycle. Cesarean section was performed at 38+3 weeks of gestation, delivering a healthy male newborn weighing 3180 g with an Apgar score of 10/10. Partial empty sella syndrome may be associated with isolated central hypogonadism leading to infertility, and individualized gonadotropin therapy can restore ovulation and achieve a successful pregnancy outcome."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Infertility • Sexual Disorders • Women's Health

Primed Avian Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Restore Granulosa Cell Homeostasis in a CTX-Induced POI-like Dysfunction Model Under Human Menopausal Gonadotropin Stimulation. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a heterogeneous disorder, and cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced ovarian injury represents an acquired POI-like condition rather than the full clinical spectrum of POI. Co-treatment with hMG did not consistently enhance the restorative effects of primed AMSC-sEVs beyond those achieved by primed AMSC-sEVs alone. These findings indicate that primed AMSC-sEVs primarily act by restoring granulosa cell and mitochondrial homeostasis, thereby supporting the cellular competence required for gonadotropin responsiveness in an acquired POI-like condition."

Journal • Women's Health

LH supplementation in ovarian stimulation: propensity score and generalized estimating equations analysis over 2000 embryos. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) - "Retrospective single-center cohort study (January 2018-January 2024) including 4,417 IVF/PGT-A cycles using gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist or progesterone-primed protocols. After exclusions, 952 cycles were selected via 1:1 propensity score-matching for female age and oocyte yield: 476 OS with recombinant FSH alone and 476 with added LH activity (recombinant LH or human menopausal gonadotropin)...In a large matched IVF/PGT-A cohort, LH activity supplementation during OS did not improve blastocyst euploidy or reproductive outcomes. Gonadotropin regimens should be individualized rather than routinely including LH in unselected patients."

Journal • Gynecology

IMMUNE CELL ACTIVATION, PROLIFERATION AND TISSUE INFILTRATION AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF HUMAN MENOPAUSAL GONADOTROPINS IN A MOUSE MODEL OF SYSTEMIC LUPUS (AUTO 2026) - "The administration of additional sex hormones leads to changes in the main lymphocyte populations and exacerbation of specific immunopathological processes, thus creating an environment for disease progression."

Immune cell • Preclinical • Immunology • Infertility • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Sexual Disorders • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • CD4 • CD8

Successful ovulation and pregnancy with pulsatile GnRH pump therapy in a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patient: a case report. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) - "In this article, we report a case of a 28-year-old patient with PCOS who had a normal body mass index (BMI) and normal level of luteinizing hormone (LH), failed to conceive with letrozole combined with human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) but achieved successful ovulation and pregnancy with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pump therapy, without OHSS or other adverse effects. This case demonstrates the potential efficacy of pulsatile GnRH pump therapy in PCOS patients who have failed to conceive with conventional ovulation induction, suggesting its potential as a promising alternative in clinical management."

Journal • Infertility • Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome • Sexual Disorders

Comparing clinical outcomes of rFSH versus rFSH+HP-hMG in women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in real‑world practice: a retrospective study. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Clinical outcomes of combining recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) with highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (HP-hMG) versus rFSH alone were compared in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization in a real-world setting. Notably, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome incidence was significantly lower in rFSH + HP-hMG group among frozen ET patients (6.9 vs. 13.2%, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that rFSH + HP-hMG achieves comparable clinical outcomes to rFSH alone despite less favorable prognostic characteristics that could affect clinical outcome, supporting its role as a clinically acceptable alternative stimulation option in routine practice."

Clinical data • Journal • Preclinical • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Gynecology

Comparative Effectiveness of Follitropin Delta, Follitropin Alpha, and hMG in ART Cycles: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study With Propensity Score Matching. (PubMed, Reprod Med Biol) - "To compare clinical outcomes of ART cycles stimulated with follitropin delta, follitropin alpha, or human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) using a single-center retrospective cohort with propensity score matching (PSM)...Differences in oocyte yield among follitropin delta, follitropin alpha, and hMG were small and statistically inconsistent. Secondary findings should be interpreted as exploratory, suggesting broadly comparable clinical performance among the three gonadotropin preparations."

HEOR • Journal • Retrospective data

Does the type of gonadotropin used in the index IVF cycle affect subsequent frozen embryo transfer outcomes? Results of a retrospective analysis. (PubMed, J Assist Reprod Genet) - "Unlike previous studies, our findings suggest that cycles using FSH alone versus any type of mixed protocol in the index fresh cycle resulted in significantly greater FET-cLBR, but outcomes were not attributed to the type of Gn. However, when comparing the source of LH, FET outcomes may be negatively impacted by rLH, and its association should be further explored."

Journal • Retrospective data

Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (RP-LC-MS/MS, Label-Free Method) for Component Analysis of Gonadotropin Drugs. (PubMed, J Mass Spectrom) - "Many ovulation-inducing agents are used in this process, including human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG), recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (r-FSH), recombinant luteinizing hormone (r-hLH), urinary human chorionic gonadotropin (u-hCG), and recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (r-hCG)...This study used reverse-phase liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (RP-LC-MS/MS) and a label-free quantitative proteomics method to analyze imported r-hFSH, r-hLH, r-hCG (Gonal-F, Luveris, and Ovidrel), three domestic HMG products (Le Baode, Man Fuxin, and Xin Yunle), and u-hCG (Li Zhu)...These results reveal significant differences in the composition of imported and domestic gonadotropin products, underscoring the need to further evaluate their biological activity and clinical effectiveness. This study provides important insights into drug selection for ART, with practical value for improving the quality of HMG drugs and making better use of them in clinical settings."

Journal

Evaluation of Recombinant Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (rFSH) Plus Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone (rLH) and rFSH Plus Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (HMG) Combination Therapies in Patients With Poor Ovarian Response Undergoing Ovarian Stimulation. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Our findings suggest that both rFSH+rLH and rFSH+HMG combinations yielded similar clinical and laboratory outcomes in patients with diminished ovarian reserve. Given the observational nature of this study, these results should be interpreted with caution, and treatment protocols should remain individualized."

Journal

A Comparative Study of the Effect of Novel Dual Trigger and Delayed HCG With Dual Trigger in Poor Responder Poseidon Group 4 Patients in Antagonist IVF Cycles. (PubMed, Adv Biomed Res) - "An antagonist regimen was used, which included approximately 300 units of gonadotropins, consisting of 150 units of Human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and 150 units of Synal-F. After administering a dose of Strotide injection followed by Decapeptyl and Ovitrelle injections, 12 hours later, a single HCG 5000-unit injection was administered, and 36 hours later, the puncture procedure was performed...This study showed that using Novel Dual Trigger and Delayed HCG, compared to Dual Trigger, did not significantly differ in the number of oocytes, embryos, or secondary pregnancy outcomes. These findings suggest that the Novel Dual Trigger and Delayed HCG methods could be equally effective in improving IVF outcomes for poor responder patients, providing a potential alternative for ovarian stimulation in these cases and instilling optimism for the future of IVF treatments."

Clinical • Journal • Infertility • Sexual Disorders

BONANZA: Comparison of Follitropin Delta and Follitropin Alfa in Combination With Menotropin (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=846 | Completed | Sponsor: Clinique Ovo

New trial

When Less Is More: Intrauterine Insemination as a Viable First-Line Option in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (ISGE 2026) - "Methods/Patient: A 31-year-old patient with primary hypopituitarism, diagnosed at age 10, was receiving hormone replacement therapy with somatropin, levothyroxine, hydrocortisone, and cholecalciferol...Interventions: A 10-week uterine preparation protocol was initiated using estradiol valerate (10 mg weekly) and hydroxyprogesterone caproate with gradual dose escalation...Ovulation induction was performed using a low-dose step-up protocol with human menopausal gonadotropin, starting at 75 IU and titrated to 187.5 IU... In women with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a tailored strategy that includes pre-treatment to enhance uterine receptivity and gradual ovulation induction can result in successful conception. Such patients should not be routinely referred for IVF, as pregnancy may be achieved with simpler, well-planned interventions such as IUI."

Clinical • Endocrine Disorders • Gynecology • Infertility • Sexual Disorders

Challenges for Induced Ovulation of Infertile Women with Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (ISGE 2026) - "OI was initiated on days 2 - 5 of hormone withdrawal bleeding, implementing a low - dose step up protocal of human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG)...Post - ovulation (1 - 3 days), Luteal support was provided by supplementing 1-2mg/day of estradiol valerate(E2V) and 20-30mg/day of dydrogesterone(DYD) for 10-14 days...Therefore, continuous luteal support is indispensable until 12 weeks of gestation when the placental function fully assumes the role of luteal support. The findings of this study offer valuable references for clinicians treating IHH - related infertility"

Clinical • Endocrine Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Infertility • Sexual Disorders

Comparative effectiveness of r-hFSH:r-hLH in a 2:1 ratio versus HP-hMG alone in ovarian stimulation for medically assisted reproduction treatment using IVF/ICSI: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Gynecol Obstet Invest) - "Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of published evidence was performed to compare the number of oocytes retrieved with recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone:recombinant human luteinizing hormone (r-hFSH:r-hLH) in a 2:1 ratio versus highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (HP-hMG) alone from Day 1 of OS. Conclusions The higher number of oocytes retrieved with r-hFSH:r-hLH is a pertinent finding, owing to the well-established positive association between oocyte number and reproductive outcomes. Although we report a higher clinical pregnancy rate for r-hFSH:r-hLH, limited data prevented us from drawing firm conclusions regarding live birth outcomes."

HEOR • Journal • Retrospective data • Review