menotropin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Novel PNPLA6 Variants: Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism, Pituitary Hypoplasia, Anosmia, and Cerebellar Atrophy in Siblings. (PubMed, JCEM Case Rep) - "Treatment with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) showed a poor response, requiring switch to testosterone therapy. This report underscores PNPLA6 pathogenic variants as a rare genetic cause of hyposmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with pituitary and cerebellar abnormalities and highlights the importance of awareness for timely diagnosis, genetic counseling, and long-term surveillance for neurodegenerative progression and value of early molecular diagnosis for guiding personalized treatment."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Endocrine Disorders

Extracorporal Ovary Bioreactor System with Oxygen Supply and Drug Delivery Option. (PubMed, Bioengineering (Basel)) - "The controlled application of oocyte stimulation hormones (human menopausal gonadotropin; hMG) also enabled successful in vitro follicle growth and maturation. From a technical point of view, there is still optimization potential for this bioreactor system, but in principle, it has been demonstrated that long-term ovary cultivation and in vitro maturation of follicles are possible, which opens up further potential for these and other applications."

Journal • Oncology • Ovarian Cancer

AI-DRIVEN PERSONALIZATION OF HUMAN MENOPAUSAL GONADOTROPIN(HMG) DOSING: A GLOBAL COLLABORATION FRAMEWORK FOR OPTIMIZING IVF OUTCOMES (ASRM 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical

COMPARISON OF R-HFSH:R-HLH VERSUS RECOMBINANT FSH (R-HFSH) WITH OR WITHOUT HMG (HUMAN MENOPAUSAL GONADOTROPIN) FOR OOCYTE YIELD: PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING ANALYSIS. (ASRM 2025) - No abstract available

Infertility • Sexual Disorders

A Decade With Sheehan's Syndrome: A Case Report and Personal Experience. (PubMed, Case Rep Endocrinol) - "She was started on lifelong hormone replacement therapy (HRT) consisting of hydrocortisone, levothyroxine, and estrogen...Pregnancy was later achieved through ovulation induction using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG)...Lifelong HRT, regular endocrinological monitoring, and individualized treatment plans are essential for managing endocrine dysfunction, osteoporosis risk, and cardiovascular complications. Awareness, early screening, and multidisciplinary collaboration among endocrinologists, obstetricians, and reproductive specialists are pivotal in improving long-term outcomes and reducing diagnostic delays."

Journal • Alopecia • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Depression • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Hematological Disorders • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obstetrics • Osteoporosis • Pain • Postpartum Depression • Postpartum Hemorrhage • Psychiatry • Renal Disease • Rheumatology • Women's Health

GRACE: Human Menopausal Gonadotropin Research in Infertility Assessing Cumulative Live Birth With Frozen Embryo Transfer. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=712 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Granata Bio Corporation

New P3 trial • Infertility • Sexual Disorders

How FSH and LH analogs affect fertility hormone results? (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "The effects of urine-derived (menotropin and urofollitropin) and recombinant (folitropin and folitropin + lutropin) gonadotropin preparations on the hormone levels were evaluated. These findings suggest that gonadotropin drugs containing high concentrations of FSH and LH may interfere with routine immunoassay-based hormone tests, leading to errors in clinical interpretation. This study emphasizes the need for careful interpretation of hormone assays in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment, and the importance of considering possible interference effects."

Journal • Gynecology • Infertility • Sexual Disorders

Sequential therapy for infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and luteal phase defects by Yangxin Dianji decoction and Nuangong Tiaojing decoction: a real-world study. (PubMed, J Tradit Chin Med) - "The sequential therapy of YXDJ-D and NGTJ-D can effectively increase pregnancy rate, reduce the early abortion rate and alleviate the clinical symptoms of infertility in patients with PCOS and LPD by improving luteal function and promoting the endometrial receptivity."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Infertility • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Sexual Disorders

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation reduces mouse embryo implantation capacity through uterine HIF-2α mediated pathway. (PubMed, Reprod Biol) - "A COH mouse model was established using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a)/human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration...Together, these findings identify HIF-2α as a potential key mediator of COH-induced endometrial microenvironment alterations, revealing molecular mechanisms underlying implantation failure. Importantly, the HIF-2α-RAB27B/MMP9 and HIF-2α-LOX/ADM axes are highlighted as promising therapeutic targets to optimize assisted reproductive outcomes."

Journal • Preclinical • Oncology • EPAS1 • MMP9 • PRL

Effects of different endometrial preparation protocols on pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome undergoing frozen embryo transfer: A network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Gynecol Obstet Invest) - "Our NMA suggests that the GnRH-a + HRT protocol results in a higher CPR compared to the HRT protocol in PCOS women undergoing FET, albeit with a higher risk of miscarriage. While offering comparable CPRs and OPRs to the GnRH-a + HRT protocol, the LE ovulation induction protocol presents a lower MR than the other endometrial preparation protocols."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Comparison of Letrozole Versus Clomiphene Citrate Combined With Human Menopausal Gonadotropin in Women With Clomiphene-Resistant Anovulatory Infertility Undergoing Intrauterine Insemination: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The IUI outcomes were also comparable in both groups. Conclusion The study concludes that both letrozole and CC, when combined with HMGs, are equally effective in inducing ovulation and achieving successful IUI outcomes in women with CC-resistant anovulatory infertility."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infertility • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Sexual Disorders

Live birth following multimodal therapy in a patient with asherman's syndrome, recurrent pregnancy loss, and polycystic ovarian syndrome: a case report and literature review. (PubMed, Contracept Reprod Med) - "This case highlights the complexities of managing TE induced by IUA using HA and assisted reproductive techniques. It also suggests that patients with TE complicated by PCOS and RSA can be treated with TAM, followed by estradiol valerate and HMG, to improve the EMT and pregnancy outcomes of FET."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Gynecology • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Transplantation • Turners Syndrome

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) versus Step-up gonadotropin therapy in infertile anovulatory PCOS women resistant to sequential letrozole and gonadotropin-based ovulation induction cycles: a randomized controlled trial. (PubMed, F S Sci) - "Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) significantly improves the follicular response as compared to step-up gonadotropin based ovulation induction and results in higher clinical and ongoing pregnancy rate along with significant reduction in gonadotropin requirement. The procedure may be considered for PCOS women resistant to sequential letrozole + HMG-based ovulation induction especially phenotype A with high AMH and high follicle number per ovary (FNPO)."

Journal • Endometriosis • Gynecology • Infertility • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Sexual Disorders • Women's Health

Controlled ovarian stimulation protocols for assisted reproduction: a network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "Short GnRH antagonist protocols may reduce OHSS rates in women with predicted normal response without compromising LBR or OPR. Ovarian stimulation without pituitary suppression may reduce the LBR or OPR compared with short GnRH antagonist protocols and with GnRH agonist flare protocols. In women with predicted high response receiving short GnRH antagonist protocols, hMG may reduce OHSS compared with rFSH. We were unable to meta-analyse results from 169 trials due to serious risk of selection or other biases, a lack of outcome data, or because of data reported in an unsuitable format for meta-analysis (e.g. per cycle); this led to underpowered analyses for several outcomes and pairwise comparisons. Future trials should focus on evaluating the effect of different COS protocols upon cumulative live birth rates, accounting for all embryo transfers (fresh and/or frozen) after a single stimulation cycle per participant."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review

The Effects of Minimal Stimulation Protocol on Preimplantation Genetic Screening. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - " In this prospective study, 198 women aged 38-45 years were enrolled and divided into two groups: minimal stimulation (100 mg clomiphene citrate and 75 IU human menopausal gonadotropin) and high stimulation (300-450 IU gonadotropins). This is the first prospective study to compare euploid embryo rates, pregnancy rates, and live birth rates between minimal stimulation protocol and high stimulation protocol in AMA patients. Although there has been no difference in euploid and pregnancy rates, minimal stimulation protocol has advantages in cost and comfort."

Journal • Endometriosis • Gynecology • Infertility • Sexual Disorders • Women's Health

Cumulative Live Birth Rates in Women Undergoing Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation Using Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Dydrogesterone, and Progesterone: A Retrospective Analysis. (PubMed, Drug Des Devel Ther) - "Patients received oral progestins once daily as per their assigned protocol with human menopausal gonadotropin initiated on menstrual cycle day 3. Our findings establish clinical equivalence in cumulative live birth outcomes among MPA, DYG, and Progesterone when implemented within the PPOS framework. This evidence supports protocol flexibility in progestin selection, enabling personalized decisions based on pharmacological characteristics, cost considerations, and patient tolerance."

Journal • Retrospective data

Comparison of Pregnancy Outcomes and Vaginal Microbiota in Endometriosis Patients Undergoing Frozen Embryo Transfer Using Letrozole Combined HMG Versus Hormone Replacement Therapy with GnRH-a Pretreatment. (PubMed, J Biomed Res) - "This study investigated differences in reproductive outcomes and vaginal microbiota profiles between two endometrial preparation protocols-letrozole (LE) combined with human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with GnRH-a pretreatment-in women with endometriosis (EMs) undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET). While no significant differences were observed in Lactobacillus or Gardnerella abundance, the GnRH-a HRT group exhibited enrichment of potential pathogens, such as Escherichia-Shigella and Staphylococcus. In conclusion, although both protocols achieved comparable live birth outcomes, the LE + HMG regimen was associated with fewer obstetric complications and a more favorable vaginal microbiota profile compared to GnRH-a HRT."

Journal • Endometriosis • Gynecology • Obstetrics • Women's Health

The Effects of Repeated Ovarian Hyperstimulation on Gut Microbiota: Insights From a Murine Model (ASRI 2025) - "The COH protocol included intraperitoneal injections of human menopausal gonadotropin followed by human chorionic gonadotropin for 10 consecutive weeks... This pioneering study reveals that repeated COH induces significant taxonomic changes in the gut microbiota of female mice without affecting overall microbial diversity. These findings highlight the potential for ART-related hormonal fluctuations to disrupt gut microbial composition, with implications for systemic physiology, including metabolism and immune function. The identification of specific microbial biomarkers provides a foundation for future research into mitigating the unintended consequences of ART on overall health."

Gut Microbiota • Preclinical

Gonadotropins for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "There may be little or no difference in live birth, multiple pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, or miscarriage rates between rFSH and uFSH in women with PCOS. For HMG versus uFSH, we are uncertain whether one or the other improves or lowers rates of live birth, multiple pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, or miscarriage. We are uncertain whether any of the interventions reduce ectopic pregnancy or the incidence of OHSS. In women with clomiphene citrate failure, gonadotropins (FSH) probably result in more live births and clinical pregnancies than continued clomiphene citrate without increasing multiple pregnancies. Gonadotropins may increase the miscarriage rate per woman. We are uncertain if gonadotropins reduce ectopic pregnancy. None of the women developed OHSS."

Clinical • Journal • Review • Gynecology • Infertility • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Sexual Disorders

Human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) combined different doses of letrozole for treating anovulatory infertility in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. (PubMed, J Assist Reprod Genet) - "Application of 5.0 mg LE followed with HMG does not improve the pregnancy rate compared to 2.5 mg LE in infertile women with PCOS. An increased dose of LE to 5.0 mg may increase the risks of OHSS and multiple pregnancies. Therapy of LE (2.5 mg) + HMG may be a more beneficial and optimal treatment protocol for improving endometrial receptivity and promoting mono-follicle development for patients with PCOS."

Journal • Infertility • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Sexual Disorders

Comparison of outcomes between pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone and combined gonadotropin therapy of spermatogenesis in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. (PubMed, Reprod Biol Endocrinol) - P=N/A | "Pulsatile GnRH therapy was similar to hCG/HMG therapy in inducing spermatogenesis in post-pubertal CHH patients, but it took less time and was more beneficial to testicular development. Larger baseline TTV may mean a better spermatogenic outcome. It was necessary for patients to have more information about spermatogenesis therapy in order to make reasonable medical decisions."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Endocrine Disorders

Growth hormone and gonadotropin association: A case report of full-term pregnancy in a patient with panhypopituitarism. (PubMed, JBRA Assist Reprod) - "When the serum IGF-I (insulin grow factor-I) level normalized, she started ovulation induction with 225 IU/day of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)...The birth was by cesarean section at 38 weeks of gestation. Therefore, we conclude that GH/gonadotropin association in ovarian stimulation may improve the follicular recruitment in PHP patients."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Gynecology • IGF1

Evaluation of Predictors of Response to Ovulation Induction Using Letrozole in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, J Hum Reprod Sci) - "OI was conducted using letrozole with or without human menopausal gonadotropin. An AMH cut-off of ≤16.43 ng/mL predicted ovarian response with an AUC of 0.88. Pre-treatment AMH levels, along with BMI and serum testosterone, are significant predictors of ovarian response to letrozole-based OI in infertile women with PCOS."

Journal • Infertility • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Sexual Disorders

Comparing highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin and recombinant follicle stimulating hormone in poor ovarian reserve patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (PubMed, Ceska Gynekol) - "Neither hp-hMG nor rFSH showed superiority in patients with POR, indicating similar effectiveness in this population."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Gynecology

FSH/LH co-stimulation in Advanced Maternal Age (AMA) and hypo-responder patients - Arabian gulf delphi consensus group. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) - "Additionally, in cases of severe FSH and LH deficiency, combining r-hFSH with r-hLH was found to improve pregnancy rates and cost efficiency compared to human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)...However, there were mixed opinions on the route of progesterone administration, with some experts expressing neutral or disagreeing views...This consensus provides a practical clinical perspective to a wide range of global professionals on the strategies employed during key phases of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) treatment. To further improve outcomes, incorporating additional clinical insights on ART approaches, alongside existing guidelines and policies, may offer valuable guidance for optimizing patient care."

Journal