CarneVal-C (valproic acid/acetyl-L-carnitine) / BioLink Life Sci - LARVOL DELTA

Pharmacological and neuroethological studies of three antiepileptic drugs in the Genetic Audiogenic Seizure Hamster (GASH:Sal) (Epilepsy Behav) - PMID: 23872084; “The intraperitoneal administration of PB (5-20mg/kg) and VPA (100-300mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent decrease in GASH:Sal audiogenic seizure severity scores….Valproic acid acted only at high concentrations and was the AED with the most ataxic effects….We conclude that the GASH:Sal is a reliable genetic model of epilepsy suitable to evaluate AEDs.”

Preclinical • Epilepsy

Pretreatment cognitive deficits and treatment effects on attention in childhood absence epilepsy (Neurology) - PMID: 24089388; "More subjects receiving valproic acid (49%) had attention deficits than subjects receiving ethosuximide (32%) or lamotrigine (24%) (p = 0.0006). Parental assessment did not reliably detect attention deficits before or after treatment (p < 0.0001)...This study provides Class I evidence that valproic acid is associated with more significant attentional dysfunction than ethosuximide or lamotrigine in children with newly diagnosed CAE."

Adverse events • Epilepsy

Neurogenetic disorders and treatment of associated seizures (Pharmacotherapy) - PMID:23400943; “Some efficacy trends were identified, including frequent successes with valproic acid with clonazepam for epilepsy with Angelman syndrome; valproic acid, stiripentol, and clobazam (triple combination therapy) for epilepsy with Dravet syndrome; and vigabatrin for infantile spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex.”

Review • Epilepsy

Valproic acid induces astrocyte-dependent neurite outgrowth from cultured rat primary cortical neuron via modulation of tPA/PAI-1 activity (Glia) - PMID: 23378038; “ The essential role of tPA/PAI-1 system in the regulation of VPA-mediated neurite extension was further demonstrated by experiments using astrocyte conditioned media obtained from tPA or PAI-1 knockout mice. Regulation of PAI-1 activity in astrocyte by VPA may affect both physiological and pathological processes in brain by upregulating tPA activity.”

Preclinical • Epilepsy

The effect of antiepileptic drugs on thyroid function in children (Seizure) - PMID: 24091037; P=NA, N=223; "Valproate-treated patients had decreased fT4 and increased TSH levels at months 1, 6, and 12. Carbamazepine-treated patients had decreased fT4 levels at months 1, 6, and 12 and increased TSH levels at months 1, and 6...The frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism at month 12 was 28% in valproate, 21.4% in oxcarbazepine, 18.2% in phenobarbital, 13.9% in carbamazepine, and 0% in levetiracetam groups."

Adverse events