levodopa/benserazide / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Richardson Syndrome Variant of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Initially, levodopa/benserazide was started at a dose of 500 mg/day and increased up to 1,000 mg/day. Amantadine at a dose of 200 mg/day and levodopa/carbidopa sustained release at a dose of 200/50 mg/day were added to the treatment regimen, but no effective clinical response was observed...This case highlights the subtle prodromal features and progressive course of PSP, emphasizing the importance of early recognition. It also contributes to the literature by illustrating the clinical progression and therapeutic challenges in managing PSP, underscoring the value of a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone versus levodopa/benserazide plus pramipexole in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease experiencing wearing off. (PubMed, Front Neurol) - "One patient in the LCE group and 2 patients in the PPX group experienced mild dyskinesia. LCE and LB + PPX were both effective, safe and tolerable in treating patients with PD who experienced WO."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry

Levodopa differentially modulates spectral features in cerebellum and basal ganglia in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. (PubMed, Exp Neurol) - "To do so, we used the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model and recorded local field potentials (LFP) before and during treatment with levodopa and benserazide from three to six weeks post-lesion...This is the first time spectral dynamics in BG and cerebellum have been investigated longitudinally in a PD model, and our findings provide clearer insight regarding the dynamic engagement of the cerebellum during dopamine depletion and replacement therapy. A better understanding about the role of the cerebellum in PD pathophysiology may unmask future targets for therapeutic development."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

The Role of Clonally Expanded CD8+ Non-CAR-T Cells in Neurocognitive and Hypokinetic Movement Disorder after BCMA-Targeting CAR-T Cell Therapy (ASH 2024) - "Introduction : The use of ciltacabtagen autoleucel (cilta-cel) in RRMM patients within the CARTITUDE-1 study has exposed previously unknown late onset neurotoxicities, referred to as movement, neurocognitive treatment emergent events (MNT) (Cohen, A et al., 2022)...Besides prolonged CRS °I, which was successfully managed by a single dose of tocilizumab, no other adverse events or signs of neurotoxicity occurred immediately post CAR-T infusion.Patient case and methods : 14 days post CAR-T infusion the patient presented with shakiness, subjective slowing of motor skills and concentration disorders...Ultimately, the patient was treated with intrathecal chemotherapy, dasatinib orally, cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids. From 149 days post CAR-T a slight improvement of parkinsonism was observed (MDS-UPDRS part III score of 32) following levodopa/benserazide delivery via PEG, and after achieving CAR-T eradication with prior therapies...These findings are consistent..."

CAR T-Cell Therapy • IO biomarker • CNS Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Movement Disorders • Multiple Myeloma • Oncology • Parkinson's Disease • CD4 • CD8 • PRF1

The underlying mechanism of Erbai decoction on Parkinson's disease rats: a behavioral and pathological study. (PubMed, Brain Res) - "Erbai decoction could alleviate the SNpc injury by activating mitophagy in PD rats, and it may relate to the regulation of the p38 MAPK/Parkin signaling pathway."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Otorhinolaryngology • Parkinson's Disease

GPi-DBS responsive laryngeal dystonia in SGCE myoclonus-dystonia (MDS Congress 2025) - "Zonisamide 150mg/day was not tolerated due to neuropsychiatric symptoms. Trihexyphenidyl 1mg daily and levodopa-benserazide 100mg TDS provided little benefit. OnabotulinumtoxinA was given into bilateral thyroarytenoid and right arm muscles every 3 months, with some improvement... GPi-DBS may be beneficial for laryngeal dystonia with SGCE-mutations, in both objective and subjective voice outcomes. Table 1"

CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Movement Disorders • Psychiatry

Delayed diagnosis of sporadic creutzfeldt-jakob disease in a patient misdiagnosed as bipolar disorder who suffered from neuroleptic malignant syndrome (ECNP 2025) - "During the psychiatric consultation, it was learned that the patient was diagnosed with depression 4 years ago and used sertraline...Olanzapine and lithium were discontinued. Bromocriptine 15 mg/day, madopar 187.5 mg/day, diazepam 30 mg/day, amantadine 300 mg/day were administered...In our case, behavioral changes and sleep disturbances of the patient were misinterpreted as bipolar disorder and the actual diagnosis (sCJD) was observed after the occurrence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Clinicians should keep in mind that sCJD patients may initially have long-lasting psychiatric symptoms and give importance to subtle neurological signs and progressive cognitive decline."

Clinical • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Post-stroke depression remitting after accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation: case report (ECNP 2025) - "Sequential pharmacological trials—risperidone 1 mg/day, duloxetine 60 mg/day (stopped due to hyponatraemia), citalopram 20 mg/day, vortioxetine 20 mg/day, and mirtazapine 30 mg/day (four weeks)—failed to achieve remission. Comorbid Parkinson's disease was managed with levodopa/benserazide 600/150 mg/day...Moreover, rapid mood recovery may facilitate engagement in physical and cognitive therapies that underpin functional stroke outcomes. Controlled multi-centre studies are now warranted to verify efficacy, refine stimulation parameters, clarify durability, and explore whether maintenance or booster sessions are needed to sustain gains in this vulnerable population."

Case report • Clinical • CNS Disorders • Depression • Epilepsy • Major Depressive Disorder • Mood Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry

Parkinson disease treatments on national essential medicines lists, African Region. (PubMed, Bull World Health Organ) - "Overall, of any formulation or strength, 81% (38/47) of countries included levodopa + carbidopa or levodopa + benserazide as a therapeutic alternative on their national lists; and 79% (37/47) included biperiden or trihexyphenidyl as a therapeutic alternative. While inclusion of medicines for Parkinson disease in national essential medicines lists provides no guarantee of immediate access, it can encourage procurement, prescribing and use, and can help lower costs, raise awareness of and create political will for Parkinson disease treatment. This analysis provides further evidence of the need for action to improve the accessibility of medicines for Parkinson disease in the WHO African Region."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Exploring the mechanism of Zhengan Xifeng decoction in treating Parkinson disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "Clinical studies have demonstrated that ZGXFD combined with Madopar significantly improves symptoms in PD patients...In summary, this study screened the active ingredients of ZGXFD and preliminarily predicted its potential targets and pathways for anti-Parkinsonian effects. These findings await further experimental validation, thus providing a substantial theoretical foundation for subsequent research into the anti-Parkinsonian mechanisms of ZGXFD and the development of related products."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Tianma Gouteng Granule improves motor deficits in mouse models of Parkinson's disease by regulating the necroptosis pathway (PubMed, Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao) - "TGY can effectively inhibit the necroptosis pathway, increase TH expression and decrease α-syn expression in the striatum to improve motor deficits in PD mice."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • RIPK1

Rapid-Onset SIADH Triggered by Combined Duloxetine and Levodopa Use in an Older Adult With Depression and Parkinsonism: A Previously Unreported Interaction. (PubMed, Int J Psychiatry Med) - "Both duloxetine and levodopa have been individually implicated in the development of SIADH, although the mechanism often remains unclear.MethodsSingle case presentation and review.ResultsA 73-year-old woman with newly diagnosed depression and parkinsonism was initiated on duloxetine (30 mg/day) and levodopa/benserazide (tradename Madopar) (100/25 mg, 3 times daily). The temporal proximity of symptom onset suggests a possible synergistic interaction. Clinicians should maintain vigilance for acute hyponatremia in older adults shortly after introducing serotonergic and dopaminergic agents."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Depression • Fatigue • Heart Failure • Mood Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry

The dopamine stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 attenuates levodopa-induced dyskinesia in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease. (PubMed, Neuroscience) - "To investigate whether (-)-OSU6162 can dampen levodopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements in the unilateral 6-OHDA rat model of Parkinson's disease without impairing levodopa-induced improvement in motor functioning, female Sprague Dawley rats received complete unilateral lesioning of the medial forebrain bundle and were treated daily with levodopa/benserazide. (-)-OSU6162 was found to significantly reduce levodopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements in dyskinetic rats without compromising the effect of levodopa in the stepping test. In conclusion, add-on of (-)-OSU6162 attenuates the expression of LID in the 6-OHDA rat model of Parkinson's disease without affecting the antiparkinsonian effect of levodopa."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Dopamine D1 Receptor Contributes to Glucocorticoid-Associated Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head Protection Through the ATF3/CHOP Axis to Inhibit Osteoblastic Apoptosis. (PubMed, Adv Sci (Weinh)) - "Importantly, Madopar, an FDA-approved dopaminergic agent, inhibits GC-induced osteoblastic apoptosis and ONFH via DRD1. Collectively, this study not only deciphers a previously unrecognized DRD1-mediated neuro-osteogenic axis but also repurposes an FDA-approved drug (Madopar) for precision ONFH management."

Journal • ATF3 • DRD1

EM-PD: Efficacy and Safety of Entacapone Combined With Madopar in the Treatment of Early Parkinson's Disease: An Observational, Multicenter, Case-Control Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=216 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Yousheng Xiao | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Enhanced stability of levodopa and benserazide fixed-dose combination tablets through optimized production processes. (PubMed, Eur J Pharm Sci) - "These findings suggest that separate granulation improves the stability and efficacy of levodopa-benserazide formulations, offering a promising strategy for the long-term management of Parkinson's disease and addressing a critical gap in current pharmaceutical research. The formulation demonstrated consistent active ingredient content over time, minimized impurity formation, and exhibited stable physicochemical properties, going far beyond conventional single granulation methods."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Relative Bioavailability Study of HRG2010 in Healthy Subjects (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=16 | Completed | Sponsor: Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd.

New P1 trial • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Efficacy of levodopa/benserazide dispersible tablet on the 'Delayed-ON' to first morning dose in patients with Parkinson's disease with motor fluctuations: a multicenter, randomized, open-label, cross-over trial. (PubMed, J Mov Disord) - "The dispersible formulation was beneficial for both Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative groups. Levodopa/benserazide dispersible formulations can improve time-to-ON without exacerbating dyskinesia in PD patients suffering from delayed ON."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Inhalation of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma essential oil alleviates dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease rats through the regulation of neuroinflammation. (PubMed, J Ethnopharmacol) - "These findings suggest that EOAT can prevent LPS from damaging BV2 cells and significantly improve the motor function of PD rats and lessen neuroinflammation. The anti-Parkinson's mechanism of EOAT is primarily dependent on the regulation of the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway."

IO biomarker • Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • BCL2 • IL1B • IL6 • MYD88 • TLR2 • TNFA

EM-PD: Efficacy and Safety of Entacapone Combined With Madopar in the Treatment of Early Parkinson's Disease (PD): A Prospective, Multicenter, Non-Randomized Controlled Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=216 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Yousheng Xiao

New P4 trial • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Comparative efficacy of Mucuna pruriens and conventional levodopa in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial on pharmacokinetics and clinical perspectives from Asia. (PubMed, J Neural Transm (Vienna)) - "This randomised, single-blind, crossover trial compared the PK, clinical outcomes, and safety of MP powder against levodopa/benserazide dispersible tablets (Levodopa DT) in PD patients with motor complications...MP offers superior drug exposure and extends the ON state without increasing dyskinesia, positioning it as a promising alternative to synthetic levodopa for managing motor symptoms. These findings support MP's potential role in alleviating motor complications in PD treatment."

Journal • PK/PD data • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Effect of Bushen Huoxue Granule on Clearance of Pathological α-Synuclein in MPP+-Induced PC12 Cells. (PubMed, Chin J Integr Med) - "BCS intervention protected UPS function, increased 20S proteasome activity, promoted pathological α-syn clearance, restored cell viability, and reversed the damage caused by MPP+ in the in vitro model of Parkinson's disease."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Targeted Protein Degradation

Case Report of Uncomplicated Pregnancy and Delivery in a 28-year-old Lady with Early Onset Parkinson Disease (AAN 2025) - "Preconceptionally, she had some worsening motor symptoms following discontinuation of selegiline, baclofen and amantadine requiring adjustment in levodopa-benserazide dose to 500/100 mg. She also remained on domperidone. In the first trimester of her pregnancy, her motor status remained stable, but she had developed depression requiring initiation of citalopram 20 mg...Levodopa remains the most potent treatment for PD. This case supports previous case reports and observations that this drug appears safe during pregnancy and would be considered the drug of choice during pregnancy in women with PD in the absence of randomized controlled trials. Optimization of management of motor and non-motor symptoms such as well as tapering and discontinuation of potentially teratogenic drugs should be considered preconception"

Case report • Clinical • Asthma • CNS Disorders • Depression • Immunology • Migraine • Movement Disorders • Pain • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases

Incidence and Risk Factors of Lower Limb Deep Vein Thrombosis in Psychiatric Inpatients by Applying Machine Learning to Electronic Health Records: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, Clin Epidemiol) - "Significant predictors of DVT included elevated D-dimer levels, age, Alzheimer's disease, and Madopar use. Psychiatric inpatients require vigilance for DVT risk, with factors like D-dimer levels and age serving as critical indicators. Machine learning models effectively predict DVT risk, enabling early detection and personalized prevention strategies in clinical practice."

Journal • Retrospective data • Alzheimer's Disease • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Psychiatry • Thrombosis • Venous Thromboembolism

The Combined Use of Levodopa/Benserazide and Pramipexole Proves Beneficial for Managing Parkinson's Disease. (PubMed, Actas Esp Psiquiatr) - "The combined use of levodopa/benserazide and pramipexole proves beneficial for managing PD. This therapeutic regimen can improve cognitive abilities and plasma monoamine neurotransmitter levels in PD patients, reduce brain tissue damage and decrease serum levels of GDF-15."

Journal • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • ANGPT1 • GDF15