sulpiride / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Enhancing Identification Confidence in Non-Targeted Screening of Emerging Contaminants via an Ensemble Retention Time Prediction Model: Applications in Screening and Ecological Risk Assessment. (PubMed, Environ Pollut) - "Ecological risk assessment via toxicological priority index identified personal care products and pharmaceuticals as primarily high-risk ECs, with fipronil, ensulizole, lidocaine, amantadine, and sulpiride posing greatest risks. This ensemble framework provided precise RT prediction for NTS, improving EC detection efficiency and supporting risk management."

Journal

Exploration of neural mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like property of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oil using mouse forced swimming test: Involvement of the monoaminergic systems. (PubMed, Curr Res Physiol) - "Moreover, naloxone (non-selective antagonist for opioid receptor subtypes, 1 mg/kg), prazosin (α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), yohimbine (α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), propranolol (β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 2 mg/kg), WAY100635 (selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, 0.1 mg/kg), ondansetron (5-HT3 receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), haloperidol (non-selective dopamine receptor blocker, 0.2 mg/kg), SCH23390 (selective dopamine D1 receptor blocker, 0.05 mg/kg), sulpiride (selective dopamine D2 receptor blocker, 50 mg/kg) and flumazenil (GABAA/BDZ receptor antagonist, 10 mg/kg) were used to ascertain the neural pathways implicated in the antidepressant-like response of EOZC. However, this effect remained unaffected by naloxone, propranolol and flumazenil. These findings indicate that EOZC elicits antidepressant-like response, which relies on its interaction with noradrenergic, serotonergic and..."

Journal • Preclinical • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • DRD2

ECHINATIN AS A MULTIMODAL MODULATOR OF MONOAMINERGIC SYSTEM: PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE FOR ANTIDEPRESSANT-LIKE ACTIVITY. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "Male BALB/c mice received echinatin (20 or 30 mg/kg), fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) or reboxetine (20 mg/kg). The anti-immobility effect was abolished by serotonergic (PCPA, WAY-100635), noradrenergic (AMPT, phentolamine, propranolol) and dopaminergic (SCH-23390, sulpiride) interventions, but was not altered by ketanserin. These findings provide the first pharmacological evidence that echinatin elicits antidepressant-like effects through broad monoaminergic modulation and support its further evaluation as a potential lead compound for antidepressant drug development."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Administration of the dopamine D2 auto-receptor agonist quinpirole in the nucleus accumbens decreases the effects of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist cytisine on oral ethanol self-administration in rats (Neuroscience 2025) - "The rats then received intra-accumbal injections of cytisine (0.0, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 μg) or combinations of QUIN (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 μg) with cytisine (3.2 μg), or the DA D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 μg) with QUIN (2.0 μg) and cytisine (3.2 μg)... The data indicated that intra-accumbal injections of cytisine significantly increased operant oral EtOH self-administration, while QUIN reduced the oral self-administration of EtOH induced by cytisine. Furthermore, the effects of QUIN were diminished with the administration of SULP. These findings suggest that the DA D2 auto-receptor agonist modulates the increases in oral EtOH self-administration caused by cytisine."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders

Sex-specific impact of prenatal methamphetamine exposure on the development of the juvenile dopaminergic system (Neuroscience 2025) - "Slice recordings of dynamic dLight activity were conducted following bath perfusion of METH at a low (1uM) or high (10uM) concentration in the presence or absence of DA transporter (DAT) blockade (10uM nomifensine) or D2R antagonism (10uM sulpiride). Future studies will focus on the age-specific developmental impact, assessing whether these effects persist through adolescence and adulthood and influence the sensitivity to the addictive potential of psychostimulants in later life. Ultimately, we hope this work will uncover the molecular implications of prenatal METH exposure on offspring DAergic pathway maturation and how disruptions in development of these circuits confer increased susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disease."

CNS Disorders • Mental Retardation • Psychiatry • DRD2

The cannabinoid CB1 receptor inverse agonist/antagonist activates adenylate cyclase/PKA signaling pathway among other well-recognized intracellular emetic signals to evoke vomiting in least shrews (Cryptotis parva) (Neuroscience 2025) - "SR141716A (20 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced vomiting occurred via both central and peripheral mechanisms as it was accompanied by robust emesis-associated increases in: i) c-fos- and phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3α/β (p-GSK-3αβ)- expression in the shrew brainstem dorsal vagal complex (DVC), ii) phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (p-ERK1/2) expression in both the DVC and jejunal enteric nervous system (ENS), iii) time-dependent upregulation of cAMP levels and phosphorylation of several protein kinases [protein kinase A (PKA; Ser338), protein kinase B (Akt; Ser473), GSK-3α/β (Ser21/9), ERK1/2 (Thr202/204), and protein kinase C αβII (PKCαβII; Thr638/641)] in the brainstem emetic loci, and iv) SR141716A-evoked emetic parameters were attenuated by diverse inhibitors/antagonists of: PKA (H-89), ERK1/2 (U0126 and PD98059), GSK-3 (AR-A014418 and SB216763), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway (LY294002), phospholipase C (PLC; U73122), PKC (GF109203X),..."

CNS Disorders • ARVA • FOS • PRKCB

Cerebellar Dopamine Signaling Shapes Network Activity: Receptor-Specific Mechanisms and Antipshychotic Modulation (Neuroscience 2025) - "Conversely, sulpiride (10 µM) did not affect basal PC activity but partially reversed the effect of clozapine (N=2, n=104), implicating D2 receptors in clozapine modulation of PC firing. Ongoing work is examining how the DA system influences plasticity. Moreover, these observations are being incorporated into computational models to predict the impact of DA and DAergic drugs on network dynamics in schizophrenia."

CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

In-vivo characterization of cerebellar modulation of prefrontal cortex activity in anesthetized mice (Neuroscience 2025) - "To investigate the nature of PrL responses, we locally superfused the PrL with antagonists of GABA-A receptors (gabazine), D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors (SCH23390 and Sulpiride, respectively), and NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors (NBQX, D-APV and 7Cl-kynurenate)...In vivo calcium imaging of multiple neurons is undergoing to obtain further insights on the nature of these electrophysiological results. Overall, these findings provide evidence for a complex cerebellar modulation of PrL activity."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

The fast-dissociating D2 antagonist antipsychotic JNJ-37822681 is a neuronal Kv7 channel opener: potential repurposing for epilepsy treatment (Neuroscience 2025) - "These effects were blocked by the Kv7 inhibitor XE-991 and were not replicated by the D2 receptor antagonist (-)-sulpiride, confirming that the observed effects of JNJ-37822681 were specifically mediated via Kv7 channel activation. In vivo, JNJ-37822681 significantly reduced the severity and frequency of pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in C57BL mice and sound-induced seizures in genetically epilepsy-prone DBA/2 mice, with a potency comparable to retigabine. Pretreatment with XE-991 attenuated the antiseizure effects of JNJ-37822681 in both models, further supporting a Kv7-dependent mechanism of action. Given its favorable safety profile in humans and lack of the chemical liabilities associated with retigabine, JNJ-37822681 represents a compelling candidate for further development of novel ASMs."

CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • DRD2 • KCNQ1OT1

The D2-like dopamine and opioidergic receptors have interactions in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in modulating the formalin-induced inflammatory pain. (PubMed, Brain Res Bull) - "Naloxone blocked the pain-relieving effects of Quinpirole, while Sulpiride reduced Morphine's analgesic responses in the CA1 region. These results suggest that understanding these interactions can help develop new medications to improve pain management and reduce risks associated with current opioid treatments."

Journal • Pain

Effect of dopamine on TGF-β2 secretion by human retinal pigment epithelial cells and the underlying mechanism. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Our findings suggest that dopamine suppresses TGF-β2 secretion in human retinal pigment epithelial cells primarily through activation of D2 receptors, which appears to involve the YAP-TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway. This regulatory mechanism may contribute to the control of scleral remodeling and thus influence the development of myopia."

Journal • Ophthalmology • DRD1 • DRD2 • SMAD7 • TGFB1

Intranasal 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Administration Hampered Contractile Response of Dopamine in Isolated Rat Ileum. (PubMed, Biomedicines) - "Isometric contractile concentration-response (CR) curves (cumulative) for dopamine (DA) were performed in both the presence and absence of sulpiride, a selective dopamine D2-like receptor (D2R) antagonist...However, MPTP seemed to impose a decrease in S100β and GFAP (enteroglial markers) immunostaining in the ileal myenteric plexus. In summary, we provide pioneering functional, neurochemical, and morphological evidence showing that rats submitted to the i.n. MPTP model exhibited premotor DA-dependent ileum motile dysfunction accompanied by enteroglial disturbance within the myenteric plexus, but with preserved DA markers."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • FAP • GFAP

Mice carrying the human dopamine D2 receptor pathogenic mutation p.Met374Arg exhibit hyperactivity and aberrant D2 receptor function. (PubMed, Mol Pharmacol) - "Inhibition of acetylcholine release by the D2 receptor agonist quinpirole was decreased by approximately 25% relative to WT mice in slices from either heterozygous knock-in mouse, whereas reversal by sulpiride was reduced by approximately 40% only in Drd2M6.36R+/- mice...The phenotype of mice with D2-M6.36R is also more severe. These mice will help develop drug therapy."

Journal • Preclinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Movement Disorders • DRD2

Effect of lurasidone plus sulpiride on treatment efficacy, psychiatric manifestations, and quality of life among patients with schizophrenia. (PubMed, World J Psychiatry) - "The combination of lurasidone and sulpiride can effectively enhance treatment efficacy, alleviate psychiatric symptoms, and improve quality of life in patients with schizophrenia, supporting its broader clinical use."

HEOR • Journal • Anorexia • CNS Disorders • Dental Disorders • Fatigue • Insomnia • Pain • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia • Sleep Disorder • Xerostomia • IL17A • IL6

Modulatory function of cannabidiol on the extinction and reinstatement of methamphetamine-seeking behavior through the D2-like dopamine receptors in the dentate gyrus. (PubMed, Behav Brain Res) - "Methamphetamine (METH) is a serious health concern with no reliable pharmaceutical treatment. These findings suggest that CBD shortens extinction duration and inhibits METH reinstatement, partially through interaction with D2-like receptors in the DG. However, Sulpiride blocked CBD's behavioral effects, which likely reflects an indirect mechanism-possibly via increased dopamine release-rather than a direct interaction with D2 receptors."

Journal

Japanese family of dystonia related to GNAO1 pathogenic variant and systematic literature review (MDS Congress 2025) - "Gait disorder was alleviated by oral administration of Sulpiride and Haloperidol, over the years progressed to status muteness and catalepsy. This young female functional dystonia underscores the genetic backgrounds, because she appeared intellectually normal development, but the disease progressed over the years to status mute and catalepsy, appear indicative for challenging as hallmark of GNAO1 variants."

Review • CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Epilepsy • Movement Disorders • Psychiatry

Drug-induced parkinsonism with resting tremor (MDS Congress 2025) - "Resting tremor has been believed to be rare in drug-induced parkinsonism. This is true in cases induced by dopamine-receptor antagonists such as sulpiride or metoclopramide usually applied in general internal medicine. Most cases visited neurology clinics in a few weeks or months on the treatments."

CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Prescriber-recorded indications for antipsychotic use in children and adolescents in Spain, 2015-2023: a population-based, real-world study. (PubMed, Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry) - "Sulpiride was almost exclusively prescribed for dizziness, a non-psychiatric but approved indication in adults in Spain...This study highlights an increase in the volume of AP treatments in paediatric populations, mostly in non-approved, and potentially high-risk indications, some of which have not been previously documented. Our results underscore the need for close monitoring and further evaluation of the appropriateness and safety of antipsychotic prescription in the youth."

Journal • Real-world evidence • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Genetic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry • Suicidal Ideation

When dermatology meets psychiatry: late-Life delusional infestation with diagnostic delay (ECNP 2025) - "Her psychiatric history extended over 45 years,with a previous diagnosis of mixed anxiety and depressive disorder.At presentation, she was taking duloxetine 60 mg and had discontinued sulpiride 50 mg one month prior due to lack of perceived benefit...Olanzapine 2.5 mg/day was initiated, and cranial MRI was obtained to exclude organic pathology, which returned unremarkable... Delusional infestation presents unique diagnostic difficulties due to the fixed nature of the belief and the absence of physical findings upon examination [1]. Most individuals initially seek help from non-psychiatric specialties, such as dermatology or infectious diseases, often undergoing numerous consultations before a psychiatric referral is made [2,3]. This delay can prolong patient distress and reinforce delusional beliefs."

CNS Disorders • Depression • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Prescribing patterns of antipsychotic monotherapy and polypharmacy in patients with psychotic disorders (ECNP 2025) - "Among monotherapy patients, olanzapine was most frequently prescribed (33.3%), followed by risperidone and haloperidol (both 18.2%), quetiapine (15.2%), aripiprazole (9.1%), and clozapine (6.1%)...Less frequently prescribed in polytherapy were aripiprazole (10.4%), risperidone (7.3%), levomepromazine and zuclopenthixol (both 6.3%), fluphenazine (4.2%), and amisulpride and sulpiride (both 1.0%)... Despite guideline recommendations that advocate for antipsychotic monotherapy whenever possible [1,3], this study found that polypharmacy remains prevalent in clinical practice. Olanzapine emerged as the most common choice in monotherapy regimens, while haloperidol and promazine were more frequently used in polytherapy. Clozapine, despite its well-established role in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, was more commonly prescribed as part of combination therapy (16.7%) than as monotherapy (6.1%)."

Clinical • Monotherapy • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Prolactin response to six-month paliperidone palmitate. Preliminary results (ECNP 2025) - "One such strategy is to add low-dose aripiprazole to the selected antipsychotic regimen. Newer antipsychotics, particularly risperidone, amisulpride, and paliperidone, and older antipsychotics, particularly chlorpromazine, haloperidol, and sulpiride, increase prolactin levels with significant side effects...In other words, the mean difference in PRL values between patients treated with monthly paliperidone (PP1M) and those same patients treated with six-month paliperidone (PP6M) is 35.57 μg/L. This difference is due to the change in treatment and not to chance. Treatment with six-month paliperidone (PP6M) significantly improves blood prolactin levels, effectively reducing them by half."

CNS Disorders • Mental Retardation • Psychiatry • PRL

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions associated with antipsychotics: a disproportionality analysis in the Food and Drug Administration's adverse event reporting system (ECNP 2025) - "Case reports in recent years have pointed to an association between SCARs and some antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, haloperidol, aripiprazole) [2–4]...For DRESS, positive signals were found for promazine (n=20, chi-squared=371.736, PRR=21.549), droperidol (n=11, chi-squared=113.413, PRR=13.320), loxapine (n=35, chi-squared=228.181, PRR=8.623), chlorprothixene (n=3, chi-squared=5.298, PRR=4.629), chlorpromazine (n=19, chi-squared=41.881, PRR=4.123), cyamemazine (n=16, chi-squared=27.126, PRR=3.572), amisulpride (n=11, chi-squared=14.840, PRR=3.236), and haloperidol (n=49, chi-squared=31.159, PRR=2.208). Sulpiride showed positive signals for both SJS (n=4, chi-squared=10.238, PRR=5.384) and TEN (n=3, chi-squared=7.548, PRR=5.773)... The potential safety signals for certain types of SCARs were detected for several antipsychotics. While these findings are hypothesis-generating, further confirmation through large cohort and case-control studies is needed. Clinicians..."

Adverse events • CNS Disorders

Effects of paroxetine combined with sulpiride on sleep status and quality of life in patients with depressive episodes. (PubMed, Front Psychiatry) - "TESS scores showed no significant difference between groups (P>0.05), with mild adverse reactions. Paroxetine with sulpiride IV drip offers rapid relief and high safety in depression treatment, improving sleep and quality of life."

HEOR • Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Catecholaminergic system in the brain of the terrestrial slug Limax valentianus. (PubMed, Cell Tissue Res) - "We found that (1) the number of the cell bodies of catecholaminergic neurons was larger in the ventral aspect than in the dorsal aspect of the brain; (2) most of the TH-immunoreactive putative sensory afferents in the superior tentacle projected to the brain along the axis as bundles in a regularly spaced manner while bypassing the procerebrum following entry into the brain; (3) TH-immunoreactive nerves in the procerebrum were derived from at least three distinct origins outside and within the procerebrum; and (4) dopamine upregulated the oscillatory frequency of the local field potential oscillation in the procerebrum, which was occluded by pre-incubation with sulpiride, a mammalian D2/D3 receptor antagonist. This is the first study to investigate the catecholaminergic system, with a special focus on the procerebrum, using a specific antibody against TH in terrestrial gastropods. The present study uncovered catecholaminergic regulation of procerebrum activity through..."

Journal • SNAI2

Individual differences in dopamine-related traits influence mood effects of dopamine D2-antagonist and antidepressant treatment expectations. (PubMed, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol) - "This study demonstrates that dopamine-related individual differences moderate the effects of both sulpiride and a placebo intervention on positive affective state."

Clinical • Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • DRD2