nevirapine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Maternal and health worker preferences for paediatric antiretroviral formulations in neonates exposed to HIV. (PubMed, AIDS Care) - P1/2 | "Oral liquid formulations of zidovudine (ZDV) and nevirapine (NVP) are the main antiretrovirals (ARVs) for neonates born to mothers living with HIV, but they have limitations including poor palatability, short shelf-life, frequent dosing and supply challenges...Within the PETITE-DTG trial in South Africa (NCT05590325), evaluating the pharmacokinetics, safety and acceptability of novel dolutegravir (DTG) formulations in neonates, we explored ARV preferences among mothers (n = 28) and health workers (n = 6)...Transdermal patches were least favoured, with concerns regarding the comfort of neonates, impact of water exposure and effectiveness. These findings underscore strong support for innovative ARV options, emphasizing usability, ease of administration and reduced dosing frequency for the treatment of neonates."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed People Living with HIV-1 in Sichuan, China: A Large-Scale Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "Within NNRTIs, efavirenz (EFV) and nevirapine (NVP) resistance rates were 6.26% and 6.50%, respectively. The prevalence of TDR in Sichuan had reached moderate epidemic levels, with certain cities already experiencing high epidemic rates. It is urgent that we urgently expand targeted genotypic drug resistance detection and implement interventions to improve medication adherence."

Journal • Observational data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Inhibitory potential of α-amyrin from Calotropis procera against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: insights from in silico and in vitro assays. (PubMed, In Silico Pharmacol) - "An in vitro HIV-1 RT inhibition assay was conducted using a colorimetric ELISA kit, with nevirapine as the reference drug...Its strong binding affinity, significant enzymatic inhibition, and favorable pharmacokinetics suggest its potential for further development as a plant-based NNRTI, addressing drug resistance concerns and contributing to improved antiretroviral therapies. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-025-00498-z."

Journal • Preclinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Inflammatory and redox reprogramming of macrophages by HIV cell-to-cell transmission inhibits bone resorption capacity. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "Nevirapine partially restored osteoclastogenesis and revealed contact-associated drug insensitivity. The effects scaled with the proportion of infected T cells. HIV cell-to-cell spread induces inflammatory and redox reprogramming in macrophage precursors that blocks osteoclast differentiation and function, offering testable targets (inflammasome, adhesion, ROS) to protect bone in HIV."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Osteoporosis • ANXA5 • CD4 • CD63 • CD81 • CD9 • ICAM1 • IFNG • IL1B • TNFA

HIV vertical transmission linked to virological failure in pregnant women on ART. (PubMed, AIDS Res Ther) - "Maternal VF was strongly associated with increased risk of VT. These findings highlight the importance of early initiation of ART, consistent viral suppression, adherence support, and routine viral load monitoring as key strategies to reduce VT, particularly in high-burden settings. Strengthening these interventions may help target the small subset of mothers at highest risk and improve overall prevention outcomes."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Retroelements in thyroid cancer: epigenetic plasticity, dedifferentiation, and therapeutic opportunities. (PubMed, Rev Endocr Metab Disord) - "Emerging data also indicate that reverse transcriptase inhibitors (e.g., lamivudine, nevirapine) can partially suppress retroelement activity, induce transcriptional reprogramming and restore radioiodine uptake in refractory thyroid tumors, highlighting a potential therapeutic vulnerability. By integrating cancer epigenetics and mobilome biology, this review reframes thyroid tumor evolution as a process shaped not only by genetic alterations but also by retroelement-mediated disruption of genome regulation. Retroelements may serve as biomarkers of aggressive transformation and as actionable targets in translational oncology."

Journal • Review • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma • BRAF • TERT • TP53

In Vitro and In Vivo Specificity and Biodistribution of a Novel CD8-Targeted Fusosome (ASH 2023) - "Reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine was used as control for the in vitro studies...Collectively, these studies demonstrate high on target specificity of SG299 fusosome to transduce CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, SG299 represents a novel therapeutic opportunity to generate CAR T cells in vivo and potentially overcome challenges associated with ex vivo CAR T therapies."

Preclinical • Gene Therapies • Hematological Malignancies • Oncology • CD4 • CD8

Drug-Induced Vanishing Bile Duct Syndrome: A Disproportionality Analysis Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database (ACG 2025) - "A total of 899 cases of VBDS were reported to the FAERS from 2003-2024. 893 were characterized as severe, including 166 deaths (18.6%). The most common reported drugs were – Ibuprofen (11.12%; ROR: 32.35 [26.28, 39.83]; p< 0.05), Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (9.12%; ROR: 63.23 [50.38, 79.37]; p< 0.05), Ciprofloxacin (7.00%; ROR: 37.87 [29.31, 48.92]; p< 0.05), Lamivudine with and without Zidovudine (6.1%; ROR: 59.38 [45.2, 78.02]; p< 0.05), Azithromycin (5.5%; ROR: 59.21 [44.51, 78.78]; p< 0.05), Temozolomide (5.12%; ROR: 66.57 [49.47, 89.59]; p< 0.05), Nevirapine (4.89%; ROR: 117.62 [86.83, 159.33]; p< 0.05), Levofloxacin (4.67%; ROR: 25.06 [18.39, 34.17]; p< 0.05), Acetaminophen (4.67%; ROR: 9.14 [6.7, 12.46]; p< 0.05), Levetiracetam (4.67%; ROR: 19.02 [13.95, 25.93]; p< 0.05), Lamotrigine (4.00%; ROR: 15.64 [11.2, 21.82]; p< 0.05), and Prednisone (3.78%; ROR: 6.72 [4.77, 9.47]; p< 0.05). Ibuprofen was the most reported drug as a..."

Adverse events • Cholestasis • Hepatology

Insights from systematic reviews (2019-2024) and drug interaction database analysis in people with HIV and comorbidities. (PubMed, Int J STD AIDS) - "Severe adverse drug reactions associated with ARTs, including efavirenz, darunavir, nevirapine, and atazanavir-ritonavir, especially when combined with treatments for TB and malaria. Key interactions included reduced drug levels from rifampicin and QT prolongation from artemether-lumefantrine...Database discrepancies were noted, especially for riociguat interactions and ritonavir through inhibition of P-gp or OATP1B1 functions.ConclusionsDDIs in PWH receiving ART with comorbidities have highlighted the crucial need for personalized treatment. Incorporating pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenomic factors is essential for optimizing therapy outcomes."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Malaria • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Seasonal analysis and environmental risk assessment of selected emerging pollutants in the Vaal River catchment area of South Africa. (PubMed, Environ Monit Assess) - "This study investigates the presence of four selected antibiotics and an antiretroviral drug (nevirapine) in the Vaal River in South Africa. Amongst the studied pharmaceuticals, ciprofloxacin exhibited the highest ecological risk, with its risk quotient evaluated to be 11.67. These results call for action to ascertain the sources and stop their release into the river across the catchment area."

Journal

ABCB1 Polymorphism in HIV-Infected Individuals Taking Antiretroviral Drugs. (PubMed, AIDS Res Treat) - "The ABCB1 1236TT genotype along with nevirapine (NVP) usage exhibited a risk for hepatotoxicity severity (OR = 2.11, p = 0.55)...Protective effects were observed for CC and TT haplotypes. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings and assess clinical relevance."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • ABCB1

Investigating the pharmacogenetic basis of Nevirapine-induced cutaneous reactions among selected HIV patients in Ghana. (ASTMH 2025) - "The study emphasizes the need for advanced HLA typing techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), broader sequence coverage, and combined typing strategies to enhance pharmacogenetic screening. A larger, prospective NGS-based study is recommended to validate findings and inform the implementation of genetic screening in HIV treatment in African settings."

Biomarker • Clinical • Dermatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • HLA-B

Decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate following substitution of Nevirapine-based regimen with Tenofovir-based regimen in Indonesia. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - No abstract available

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

HIV-1 genetic diversity and pretreatment drug resistance survey prior to dolutegravir introduction in Senegal. (PubMed, IJID Reg) - "Among NRTIs, the most frequent mutation was M184V (3/6), conferring high-level resistance to lamivudine and emtricitabine, and K103N (11/12) among NNRTIs, conferring resistance to efavirenz and nevirapine. Through a quasi-national survey, an intermediate level of NNRTI resistance was observed, with regional disparities in Senegal. These findings highlight the limitations of NNRTI-based first-line regimens in Senegal and support the transition to other antiretroviral therapy regimens, such as dolutegravir-based therapy in newly infected individuals as well as in treated patients."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation

IMPACT OF PREEXISTING K103N ON THE EFFECTIVINES OF LA-CAB+RPV: REAL-LIFE RELATIVITY COHORT (EACS 2025) - "Purpose : K103N is a nonpolymorphic NNRTI resistance-associated mutation (RAM) selected in people with HIV (PWH) treated with nevirapine (NVP) or efavirenz (EFV). It reduces susceptibility to NVP and EFV by approximately 50-fold and 20-fold, respectively, but does not affect susceptibility to rilpivirine (RPV), etravirine (ETR), or doravirine (DOR)...BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS REGARDING THE PRESENCE OF K103N Conclusions : The presence of the K103N mutation was not associated with an increased risk of virological failure in PWH treated with LA-CAB+RPV. These findings suggest that a history of K103N should not preclude the use of this regimen."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Antiviral exposure and risk of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (EACS 2025) - "Cumulative bictegravir (linear P -value=0.009, quadratic P -value=0.047) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) (linear P -value=0.039, quadratic P -value=0.026) exposure showed inverse-U shaped associations...Current use of nevirapine showed lower odds of MASLD (aOR=0.26, 95%CI (0.08-0.85)). Cumulative exposure to boosted atazanavir , was associated with higher odds of MASLD (aOR=1.09, 95%CI (1.01-1.18)). Conclusions : Our findings suggest associations between exposure to contemporarily used ART and presence of MASLD in PWH. Prospective studies examining the effect of these therapies on MASLD development and progression are warranted."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

The efficacy and safety of doravirine/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients with HIV. (PubMed, Ann Med) - "Twenty-seven patients (32.5%) were treatment-naïve PWH, and 56 patients (67.5%) were treatment-experienced PWH, the most common switch was from integrase inhibitors (37/56) to DOR, followed by efavirenz (18/56) and nevirapine (1/56). In addition, anxiety, depression and sleep disorders improved in those patients who switched regimens from efavirenz to DOR. We provide a short-term observational report of the efficacy and safety of DOR/3TC/TDF in routine clinical practice, further supporting its use in PWH."

Journal • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Depression • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder • CD4

Detection of active pharmaceutical ingredients in surface water polluted by an informal settlement. (PubMed, Environ Monit Assess) - "API analysis confirmed the presence of 11 compounds from a targeted list of 14, including antiretrovirals (efavirenz, nevirapine, ritonavir), antibiotics (trimethoprim), and analgesics (paracetamol, diclofenac), among others. These findings suggest that informal settlements discharge elevated concentrations of nutrients and act as a source of API pollution with potential downstream impacts for users and aquatic ecosystems. The findings highlight the need for improved water quality monitoring in South African catchments impacted by informal settlement runoff."

Journal • Pain

Discovery and molecular docking studies of nitrogen containing naphthyridine derivatives as potent HIV1 NNRTIs with anticancer potential. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Among them, 2-cyanopyridinyl-1,6-naphthyridines 16a, 16b, and 19a showed stronger activity than nevirapine (IC50 = 1.053 µM) with IC50 values of 0.222, 0.218, and 0.175 µM, comparable to rilpivirine (0.063 µM) and efavirenz (0.058 µM). Additionally, naphthyridines 16a, 16b, and 19a displayed no toxicity toward normal embryonic lung cells (MRC-5). Thus, 2,4-disubstituted-1,6- and 1,7-naphthyridines could serve as promising HIV-1 RT inhibitors."

Journal • Cervical Cancer • Hematological Malignancies • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Oncology • Solid Tumor

ART-free HIV-1 remission in children with in-utero HIV-1 after very early ART (IMPAACT P1115): a multicentre, open-label, phase 1/2 proof-of-concept study. (PubMed, Lancet HIV) - P1/2 | "This study shows that ART-free remission for 48 weeks or longer is achievable with very early ART in children with in-utero HIV-1, but close monitoring for viral rebound and acute retroviral syndrome during ATI is needed. These findings, observed in resource-constrained countries, exhibit the feasibility of testing at birth and initiating very early ART, show the potential to limit HIV-1 reservoirs for ART-free remission, and inform future remission strategies."

Journal • P1/2 data • Allergy • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • CD4

A case of nevirapine-associated Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a neonate (EADV 2025) - "This case illustrates an exceptionally rare instance of genetically predisposed nevirapine-induced TEN in an HIV-negative neonate carrying the HLA-C*04:01 risk allele. DEN is an HLA-class I restricted CD8+ T cell dependent reaction. The occurrence of DEN in this neonate with an immature T cell immune system is highly unusual and highlights not only the importance of excluding infectious mimics, prompt drug withdrawal and comprehensive supportive care but also offers unique insights into the immunopathogenesis of DEN in early life."

Clinical • Herpes Simplex • Herpes Zoster • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock • Steven-Johnson Syndrome • Varicella Zoster • CD4 • CD8 • HLA-C

Breastfeeding on ART and a closer look at drug transfer to HIV-exposed uninfected infants. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Maternal ART regimens included abacavir/lamivudine (n = 2), tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (n = 1) or tenofovirdisoproxil/emtricitabine (n = 5) in combinations with rilpivirine (n = 3) (RPV), dolutegravir (n = 2) (DTG), raltegravir (n = 1), darunavir/ritonavir (n = 1), or nevirapine (n = 1). Given this variability and the potential for drug accumulation in individual cases, maternal therapeutic drug monitoring should be considered to identify elevated levels early on. In such situations, infant monitoring tailored to the individual may also be warranted."

Journal • Retrospective data • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia

Molecular epidemiology and pretreatment drug resistance of HIV-1 among newly diagnosed individuals in Nanning City, Guangxi, China. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "High-level resistance was primarily observed to efavirenz and nevirapine. The identification of key resistance mutations and clustering patterns, particularly in the CRF08_BC subtype, provides a critical foundation for tailored intervention strategies. Overall, these findings address a significant regional data gap and contribute to the optimization of HIV treatment and prevention efforts in China."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

HIV drug resistance among key populations in Nigeria: Insights from the 2020 integrated biological and behavioural surveillance survey. (PubMed, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr) - "The presence of DRMs among ART-naïve participants suggests transmitted drug resistance. The association between older age and DRMs may reflect sub-optimal adherence, prior regimen exposure, or longer treatment. High-level resistance to efavirenz supports transitioning to dolutegravir-based first-line regimens and highlights the importance of supporting key populations in accessing and adhering to ART to prevent the spread of drug-resistant HIV."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Drug-Induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The medications most frequently associated with TEN include antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (sulfonamides), penicillins, cephalosporins, and quinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin); anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, carbamazepine, and lamotrigine; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially oxicam derivatives (e.g., piroxicam), and, less commonly, ibuprofen; allopurinol; nevirapine; and other agents such as paracetamol, celecoxib, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immunobiological therapies like infliximab...However, the use of immunomodulatory therapies, such as corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and biologics, remains a subject of ongoing debate, with inconsistent evidence regarding their efficacy...The prognosis in TEN is heavily influenced by factors such as advanced age, existing comorbidities, and the extent of skin involvement. Given the high fatality rates associated with TEN, especially in older adults, clinicians should maintain a high index..."

Journal • Geriatric Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pain • Steven-Johnson Syndrome • HLA-B