sodium valproate / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, and Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia With Media-Themed Delusions and Impaired Insight: A Case Report. (PubMed, Case Rep Psychiatry) - "Treatment with clozapine has provided partial control of his psychotic symptoms, while sodium valproate has effectively managed his epilepsy. This case highlights the clinical intricacies associated with the coexistence of ASD, epilepsy, and TRS, underscoring the need for patient-specific, multidisciplinary approaches to diagnosis and long-term management."

Journal • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Genetic Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Prophylactic sodium valproate administration is associated with improved spatial memory in PTZ-kindled rats: involvement of 5-HT1A receptors. (PubMed, Epilepsy Behav) - "Prophylactic VPA administration is associated with improved spatial memory in PTZ-kindled rats, an effect critically dependent on intact 5-HT1A receptor signaling. These findings highlight a potential dual benefit of VPA-seizure control and cognitive protection-though post-kindling studies are warranted to establish direct causality."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

A case report: Neuropsychiatric presentation of atypical Rasmussen's encephalitis. (PubMed, S Afr J Psychiatr) - "Interventions required a multidisciplinary team, and pharmacological management included sodium valproate and lamotrigine for seizure control, as well as quetiapine and fluoxetine for behavioural disturbances. Late diagnosis may have contributed to the patient's poor prognosis. Despite the need for further research, early neuroimaging of patients with new adult-onset seizures may help decrease morbidity associated with RE."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Psychiatry

Evaluation of metabolic, reproductive, and gut microbiota alterations in a comparative study of different preclinical models of polycystic ovary syndrome. (PubMed, J Neuroendocrinol) - "Prepubertal SD rats were administered with normal control (NC), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), DHT with fructose (F), DHT+ high fat diet (HFD) for 91 days, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA with fructose, DHEA with HFD for 30 days, sodium valproate (SV), sodium valproate with fructose, and sodium valproate with HFD for 21 days...Specifically, the DHT alone group exhibited reduced abundance of Firmicutes and increased abundance of Proteobacteria. Among the evaluated models, the DHT-only model showed more pronounced metabolic, hormonal, reproductive, and gut microbial alterations and may serve as a suitable model for PCOS research."

Clinical • Journal • Preclinical • Endocrine Disorders • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders • Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome

Sodium valproate at concentrations bracketing estimated seminal plasma levels impairs human sperm function in vitro through oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. (PubMed, Toxicology) - "These findings provide mechanistic, hypothesis-generating evidence at the level of mature ejaculated sperm; however, they do not establish the mechanisms of chronic VPA-associated reproductive toxicity in men with epilepsy or support clinical antioxidant supplementation. Further in vivo and translational clinical studies are warranted to verify the reproductive relevance of these findings in patients receiving long-term VPA therapy."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Metabolic Disorders

Effects and activity of paeoniflorin in zebrafish model of epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazol (PubMed, Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi) - "Zebrafish at four days post-fertilization with normal development were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a positive control group(sodium valproate), and paeoniflorin treatment groups(200, 400, and 800 μmol·L~(-1))...RT-qPCR results showed that LPS treatment markedly reversed the inhibitory effects of paeoniflorin on the mRNA expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, and IL-1β in PTZ-induced zebrafish. In conclusion, this study indicates that paeoniflorin may exert its neuroprotective effects in a PTZ-induced zebrafish epilepsy model primarily by suppressing the activity of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the brain, suppressing neuronal apoptosis, and alleviating abnormal neuronal discharge."

IO biomarker • Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Inflammation • Oncology • FOS • GAL • IL1B • IL6 • MYD88 • TLR4 • TNFA

When Mind Hurts the Skin: A Rare Case of Dermatitis Artefacta in an Epileptic Female. (PubMed, Clin Case Rep) - "The patient had epilepsy, which was controlled with sodium valproate and carbamazepine, although she had occasional psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). Supportive topical therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy resulted in better emotional regulation, adequate sleep, and ulcer healing. Empathetic, integrated management ensures recovery and prevents the recurrence of DA."

Journal • Alopecia • CNS Disorders • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Epilepsy • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Psychiatry • Vasculitis

Seizure after IDDS implantation - unrecognized intracranial hypertension associated with intracranial metastases: A case report. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "Unrecognized preoperative intracranial hypertension in patients with intracranial metastases significantly increases the risk of severe neurological complications after IDDS implantation. Reliance solely on the classic triad of intracranial hypertension is insufficient for preoperative screening. Pre-operative cranial imaging evaluation is strongly recommended for high-risk patients. Intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid loss should be strictly controlled to prevent abrupt changes in intracranial pressure. Clinicians should raise vigilance toward such life-threatening complications."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Colorectal Cancer • Epilepsy • Hypertension • Oncology • Pain • Rectal Cancer • Solid Tumor

Formononetin Attenuates Seizure Severity and Cognitive Deficits in PTZ-Kindled Rats with Associated Changes in Oxidative Stress and P2 X 7/IL-1β/Glutamate Signalling Markers. (PubMed, Neurochem Res) - "Chronic epilepsy was induced in Groups II to V by repeated intraperitoneal administration of PTZ (40 mg/kg), while FMNT (20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) and sodium valproate (300 mg/kg, p.o.) were concurrently administered to the respective treatment groups...These findings suggest that FMNT attenuates PTZ-kindling-associated seizure severity and cognitive deficits, potentially through antioxidant effects and suppression of P2 X 7/IL-1β/glutamate-associated inflammatory signalling. Further target-specific mechanistic studies are warranted."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Epilepsy • Inflammation • IL1B • NLRP3 • TLR4

STING: Seizure Treatment in Glioma (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=120 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Leiden University Medical Center | Trial completion date: Jul 2028 ➔ Jul 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 ➔ Jan 2028

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Brain Cancer • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Glioma • Oligodendroglioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • IDH1

Seizure episode in a bipolar disorder patient on Valproate: Effect of co-morbid condition (WFSBP 2026) - " A 32-year-old male, k/c/o Bipolar Disorder on Tab Sodium Valproate 500 mg BD and Tab Lorazepam 2mg HS, presented with a seizure episode. Breakthrough seizure episode despite patient taking Valproate and lorazepam."

Clinical • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

When Surgical Intervention Becomes a Risk: Severe Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth and Clinical Decision-Making in Alpers-Huttenlocher Syndrome. (PubMed, Spec Care Dentist) - "This case underscores the necessity of integrating dental care into the multidisciplinary management of rare mitochondrial disorders and represents, to our knowledge, the first reported association between AHS and severe DIGO."

Journal • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Critical care • Epilepsy • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Transplantation

Attitudes toward sodium valproate use, withdrawal, and counseling in people of reproductive potential: A scoping review. (PubMed, Epilepsia Open) - "Key themes included experiences of disempowerment relating to risk communication, the influence of maternal identity on treatment decisions and concerns about regulatory approaches. These findings highlight factors contributing to challenges with pregnancy prevention programs, in particular gaps in shared decision-making, communication and patient-centered care."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

The Val-CARD Trial (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=45 | Terminated | Sponsor: University of Leicester | N=122 ➔ 45 | Recruiting ➔ Terminated; Phase 1 completed recruitment and follow-up. Due to necessary suspensions for the COVID-19 pandemic, there was insufficient time remaining to complete Phase 2.

Enrollment change • Trial termination • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease

PGAP3-Related Hyperphosphatasia Syndrome in a Child with Developmental Delay and Epilepsy (SSIEM 2026) - "She is currently on Depakine and a ketogenic diet...Result Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous pathogenic variant in the PGAP3 gene 7, consistent with hyperphosphatasia with impaired intellectual development syndrome type 4, inherited in autosomal recessive manner.Calcium and bone profile, including calcium and phosphate, were normal ,alkaline phosphatase not available Discussion and conclusion This case illustrates the clinical spectrum of PGAP3 related disorder, including early onset developmental delay, refractory epilepsy,hypotonia evolving to spasticity, and dysmorphic features.The presence of consanguinity supports autosomal recessive inheritance.We report this case due to the rarity of the condition and to highlight the importance of considering GPI anchor biosynthesis disorders in patients with developmental delay and epilepsy. This case also emphasizes the role of whole exome sequencing in establishing the diagnosis and guiding genetic counseling and..."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Movement Disorders • Ophthalmology • Otorhinolaryngology

Sodium valproate in non-POLG primary mitochondrial disease: safety and effectiveness from an international survey (SSIEM 2026) - "These preliminary findings suggest that, in carefully selected non-POLG patients with PMD, VPA may provide meaningful clinical benefit. Hepatic toxicity is more frequent and occurs earlier in POLG-disease, whereas other genotypes showed rarer and heterogeneous toxicity, and occasionally even years after exposure. While a cautious safety monitoring approach is clearly warranted, the presence of preventive discontinuations suggests that excessive caution may limit the effectiveness of VPA in this population."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Pancreatitis • CARS2 • MFN2 • SDHA

Efficacy and Safety of Levetiracetam Versus Sodium Valproate in Pediatric Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (PubMed, Ann Pharmacother) - "Levetiracetam and sodium valproate offer similar seizure control in pediatric epilepsy and status epilepticus, but levetiracetam has a more favorable safety profile, particularly for adverse effects and weight gain. High-quality pediatric trials with longer follow-up are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • CNS Disorders • Dermatology • Epilepsy • Pediatrics

Low-dose temozolomide combined with valproic acid in the treatment of an elderly patient with MGMT-methylated glioblastoma and multiple comorbidities: a case report. (PubMed, Front Oncol) - "Concurrently, standard symptomatic and supportive treatments were given, including osmotic dehydration with mannitol and low-dose dexamethasone (corticosteroids). Low-dose metronomic temozolomide combined with sodium valproate is a safe and feasible palliative treatment strategy for very elderly GBM patients with MGMT promoter methylation, poor physical condition, and an inability to tolerate standard therapy. This study is a single-case report, and the conclusions have limitations, requiring validation through large-sample clinical studies."

Journal • Brain Cancer • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Epilepsy • Glioblastoma • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Palliative care • Solid Tumor • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • BRAF • IDH1 • IDH2 • MGMT

Impact of Antiseizure Medication on Thyroid Function in Children With Epilepsy: A Case-Control Study. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Conclusions Children with epilepsy receiving maintenance therapies with sodium valproate or phenytoin have a considerable chance of suffering from subclinical hypothyroidism, which increases sharply between six and nine months of treatment at high doses. Thyroid function monitoring is strongly advised within the first year of treatment, along with dose adjustment and evaluation of thyroid-sparing drugs, such as levetiracetam."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Endocrine Disorders • Epilepsy • Pediatrics

RAKGEOCBT: The Combination of Pharmacotherapy and Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy Under the Recovery Perspective. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=107 | Completed | Sponsor: Rakitzi, Stavroula | Active, not recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2027 ➔ Aug 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2027 ➔ Aug 2026

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Mood Disorders • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Personality Disorder • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Exploring the preventive effect of sodium valproate on benign recurrent vertigo: A case series and literature review. (PubMed, J Vestib Res) - "The cumulative recurrence rate after discontinuing medication was 38.2% at 3 months, and this rate after 6 months was 70.0%. Among the 25 patients who experienced recurrence, 44.0% needed to undergo prophylactic treatment again.ConclusionLow-dose sodium valproate showed a good preventive effect in patients with BRV, comparable to that in patients with VM."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Vertigo

Gestational Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Toxicity Induces Behavioral and Structural Brain Defects in Rats. (PubMed, Curr Issues Mol Biol) - "Sixteen pregnant albino rats were divided into four groups: group I received saline; group II received sodium valproate 600 mg/kg i.p. on embryonic day 13; group III received paracetamol 100 mg/kg i.p. daily from embryonic day 13 to 21; group IV received paracetamol 300 mg/kg i.p. on embryonic day 13...These findings indicate that prenatal exposure to high doses of paracetamol induces neurodevelopmental pathology. The safety of paracetamol use during pregnancy requires further evaluation."

Journal • Preclinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Pain • Psychiatry • BDNF

Effects of early postnatal dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibition on social and cognitive behavior in a rat model of autism. (PubMed, Behav Brain Res) - "This study investigated whether selective DAT inhibition during early postnatal development influences behavioral and molecular alterations in a rat model of ASD induced by prenatal exposure to sodium valproate (NaVP)...Together, these findings demonstrate that early postnatal CE-123 treatment was associated with long-lasting behavioral improvements accompanied by alterations in dopaminergic markers and BDNF expression. Although these findings support a role for dopaminergic regulation and neuroplasticity in the observed behavioral effects, the underlying mechanisms require further investigation."

Journal • Preclinical • Autism Spectrum Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • BDNF • DRD2 • IL1B

Medication profiles of patients undergoing dental treatment under general anesthesia or sedation in special needs dentistry. (PubMed, Front Oral Health) - "Risperidone and sodium valproate were the most commonly prescribed medications. Despite the relatively young age of the study population, medication use and polypharmacy were highly prevalent. The frequent use of antiepileptic and antipsychotic medications highlights the importance of understanding potential drug interactions during anesthetic management in special needs dentistry."

Journal • Anesthesia • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Mental Retardation

Fenfluramine in refractory SCN1A-related 'genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus'. (PubMed, BMJ Case Rep) - "After treatment failure with sodium valproate, clobazam and topiramate, low-dose fenfluramine (2.2 mg/day, 0.15 mg/kg/day) achieved seizure freedom maintained for more than 1 year with no adverse effects. This dose is substantially lower than the 0.2-0.7 mg/kg/day used in Dravet syndrome trials, suggesting GEFS+ may require lower therapeutic thresholds."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Pediatrics • Psychiatry