baclofen / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

BACLOFEN AND MORTALITY RISK IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH NON-CANCER PAIN: A REAL-WORLD, ACTIVE COMPARATOR STUDY (EULAR 2025) - "In this retrospective cohort study of 181,677 older adults with non-cancer pain, there was no statistical difference in all-cause mortality or out-of-hospital mortality between new users of baclofen and cyclobenzaprine."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Back Pain • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Oncology • Pain

Provisional expert recommendations for the management of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis: a report from the World Scleroderma Foundation (WSF) Gastrointestinal "Ad hoc committee" (EULAR 2025) - "In patients with refractory GERD and dysphagia, treatment with a promotility agent, such as prucalopride, pyridostigmine, domperidone, or metoclopramide, should be strongly considered as a therapeutic trial (100%)...In the context of refractory GERD and associated nausea, when promotility agents are suboptimal in managing symptoms, consider adding medications with anti-emetic properties (e.g., ondansetron, promethazine, mirtazapine) (85.7%)...Baclofen might be useful for patients with significant reflux episodes, with mainly weakly acidic or non-acidic on pH-impedance studies, and who show positive symptom association (78.6%)... We present provisional recommendations for the management of refractory GERD in SSc. Only minimal refinement and voting is required to finalize these practical recommendations. Our final recommendations shall also include ‘special circumstances’: ILD, myositis and CTD-overlap, and peri-lung transplant."

Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Myositis • Oncology • Osteoporosis • Pain • Rheumatology • Scleroderma • Systemic Sclerosis • Tobacco Cessation

Life-threatening baclofen toxicity in ESRD: a case report. (PubMed, CEN Case Rep) - "Early recognition and timely intervention, including hemodialysis, are essential in managing baclofen toxicity in this vulnerable population. Increased awareness of atypical neurological manifestations of baclofen toxicity is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Chronic Kidney Disease • Movement Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Chemoenzymatic route towards a de novo enantioselective total synthesis of (S)-baclofen based on metal-catalyzed hydroformylation and enzymatic transamination. (PubMed, Chembiochem) - "This compound is subsequently converted via a transaminase-catalyzed reaction system that yields the desired β-chiral amino acid ester and the final free β-chiral amino acid (S)-baclofen, after a simple hydrolysis reaction. This synthesis concept does provide high atom efficiency and does not require an additional chiral resolution step of a racemic product."

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Enhancement (CFE) Increases the Spatial Distribution of Methotrexate after Intracerebroventricular Administration in a Sheep Model. (PubMed, Mol Pharm) - "As of 2024, only a handful of drugs are FDA-approved for CSF administration, including morphine, baclofen, ziconotide, and methotrexate. This hypothesis was tested with a recirculating device, which we used to continuously recirculate fluid from the intracerebral lateral ventricles (ICV) to the cisterna magna (CM). Our experimental results provide detailed maps of the spatial distribution of MTX following CSF administration in sheep and support our expectation that CFE is an effective method to manipulate CNS drug distribution."

Journal • Brain Cancer • CNS Tumor • Oncology

Beyond Spasticity: The Dual Impact of Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy in Spastic Quadriplegic Patients With Generalized Dystonia and the Need for Intrathecal Baclofen. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Conclusion Our findings suggest that a tailored, multimodal approach is essential for managing complex cases of CP with spasticity and dystonia. Furthermore, retaining the ITB system without explantation when performing SDR may be a viable strategy that could reduce the overall surgical burden and associated risks for the patient."

Journal • Cerebral Palsy • CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Movement Disorders

Status dystonicus: case report for monitored anaesthesia care (Euroanaesthesia 2025) - "He was started on antiseizure medications and baclofen...Patient had muscle spasms and dystonia during the procedure which was managed with further boluses of inj.midazolam and inj.fentanyl...Airway management may be complicated due to dystonia of neck. Main anaesthetic goals are to avoid any triggers for the precipitation of status dystonicus such as pain, dehydration etc and to avoid mechanical ventilation as it can result in difficult weaning from ventilator."

Case report • Clinical • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Epilepsy • Eye Cancer • Movement Disorders • Oncology • Pain • Pediatrics • Retinal Disorders • Retinoblastoma • Solid Tumor

Enhancing traumatic neuropathic pain control following spinal cord injury with regional anesthesia (Euroanaesthesia 2025) - "He presented with multiple trauma, including vertebro-medullary trauma with a C7 'teardrop' fracture and dislocation of C6 with spinal cord (SC) involvement. Urgent surgical correction and stabilization were performed.During hospitalization, he developed severe NP along the C6-C7 pathway on the left side.Cervical MRI revealed SC contusion at C6-C7, associated with SC edema and apparent narrowing of the left neural foramen.Despite the early implementation of multimodal analgesia, including Paracetamol, Gabapentin, Tapentadol, Duloxetine, Baclofen, Ketorolac and Dexamethasone, the patient continued to report severe pain, rating it 9/10 on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS).Given the insufficient pain control, the placement of a perineural catheter was proposed.An infraclavicular brachial plexus block was selected and performed under ultrasound and neurostimulator guidance, considering the patient's ongoing need for a cervical collar.Pain control improved with..."

Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Neuralgia • Orthopedics • Pain

Recurrent paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity following hypoxic brain injury after cardiac arrest: a case report (Euroanaesthesia 2025) - "Early diagnosis is challenging but equally crucial.Case Report: A 31-year-old man was admitted to our intensive care unit following a cardiac arrest associated with pregabalin and unknown drugs...He was extubated on the 10th day of admission while receiving dexmedetomidine infusion...Following the administration of propranolol and clonazepam, the patient was extubated on the 14th day, with a Glasgow Coma Scale of 15 and cognitive impairments. Baclofen was initiated for chronic muscle contractions...Early diagnosis remains challenging. However, understanding the risk factors and considering them in the differential diagnosis can lead to earlier recognition, potentially reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, and related complications."

Case report • Clinical • Alzheimer's Disease • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Epilepsy • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Vascular Neurology

Neuropsychiatric symptoms induced by intrathecal ziconotide: case reports (Euroanaesthesia 2025) - "After implanting an intrathecal morphine pump, ziconotide was added at 1.31mcg/day and titrated to 7.5mcg/day over 11 months, improving pain...An intrathecal ziconotide pump (1.2mcg/day) was implanted, later combined with baclofen...Patient profiles and neuropsychiatric presentations were heterogeneous. Many times, symptom resolution required drug discontinuation."

Case report • Clinical • Cardiovascular • Central Neuropathic Pain • CNS Disorders • Hypertension • Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma • Mesothelioma • Musculoskeletal Pain • Neuralgia • Oncology • Pain • Pleural Mesothelioma • Psychiatry • Solid Tumor • Suicidal Ideation • Vascular Neurology

Perioperative anesthetic management for a scheduled cesarean section in a patient with Stiff Person syndrome (SPS) and positive anti-GAD antibodies (Euroanaesthesia 2025) - "Her usual treatment included diazepam 10 mg/12 hours, pregabalin 150 mg/24 hours, baclofen 10 mg/12 hours, and rituximab (discontinued at the start of pregnancy).A scheduled C-section was chosen due to the risk of complications with vaginal delivery.The anesthetic management involved spinal anesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine 11 mg and fentanyl 10 mcg. General anesthesia, with the use of GABAergic drugs or muscle relaxants, has been associated with postoperative hypotonia. Additionally, maintaining the patient's usual treatment regimen is essential to prevent withdrawal syndrome."

Clinical • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Immunology • Obstetrics • Pain

Use of O-arm to place an intrathecal catheter through a bony fusion mass: case report. (PubMed, Front Rehabil Sci) - "Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) delivery is an FDA-approved indication for patients with intractable spasticity...Currently, at 22 months of follow-up post-pump implant, ITB delivery has led to persistent improvements in her spastic dystonia and many aspects of quality of life.  The current case indicates that a multidisciplinary approach when considering surgical treatments for medication-refractory spasticity may help expand the indications to large numbers of patients with postsurgical spine abnormalities."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Movement Disorders • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Osteoarthritis • Pain

The Complexities of Osteoporosis in Spinal Cord Injury: Diagnosis, Management, and Multidisciplinary Care (ENDO 2025) - "His medical history included neurogenic bowel and bladder, spastic paralysis with an intrathecal baclofen pump, and chronic vitamin D deficiency...Combination therapy with bisphosphonates or denosumab has shown superior outcomes compared to monotherapy with vitamin D alone. Teriparatide and abaloparatide, though effective in increasing BMD, may have lower efficacy in SCI.A multidisciplinary approach is essential to management OP in SCI including nutrition and physical therapy modalities that attenuate BMD loss. General physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for OP in SCI patients, as early recognition and intervention are key to preventing fractures and improving patient outcomes."

CNS Disorders • Endocrine Disorders • Inflammation • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Rheumatology

In vitro and in silico investigation of the critical role of GABAB receptor activation in human breast cancer and its natural agonistsIn vitro and in silico investigation of the critical role of GABAB receptor activation in human breast cancer and its natural agonists. (PubMed, Oncol Lett) - "Taken together, the findings demonstrated that GABAB receptor activation via baclofen inhibits multiple aggressive phenotypes in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, these results offer promising avenues for developing GABAB receptor agonists as a therapeutic strategy in breast cancer treatment."

Journal • Preclinical • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CTNNB1 • VIM

Neuronal hyperexcitability in dystrophin-deficient mdx hippocampal neurons: the importance of interleukin-6 and GABAergic regulation. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "The GABABR agonist, baclofen, enhanced IL-6-evoked Ca2+ responses only in mdx neurons. Our findings support dysfunctional GABAergic signalling in hippocampal neurons that lack dystrophin, resulting in aberrant neuronal network excitability. The contribution of elevated levels of IL-6 further impact upon Ca2+ dyshomeostasis in dystrophic neurons and may underpin cognitive changes reported in dystrophinopathies."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy • Epilepsy • Genetic Disorders • Muscular Dystrophy • IL6

Role of Dorsal Rhizotomy in the Comprehensive Management of Childhood Spasticity. (PubMed, Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg) - "Treatment modalities for spasticity encompass basic and active management, with interventions like dorsal rhizotomy, intrathecal baclofen infusion (ITB), and local injection of botulinum toxin (BTX)...Careful patient selection by a multidisciplinary spasticity clinic is crucial. The procedure's distinctive role, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness place dorsal rhizotomy as a valuable tool in comprehensive childhood spasticity management."

Journal • Review • Movement Disorders • Orthopedics

Predictive factors for neuromodulator response in patients with nonacid gastroesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough: a retrospective data analysis. (PubMed, Ther Adv Chronic Dis) - "Recently, neuromodulators such as gabapentin and baclofen have shown promise in managing nonacid GERC. Neuromodulators can relieve nonacid GERC in patients unresponsive to standard anti-reflux therapy. Factors such as male gender, younger age, less exposure to cough irritants, and higher HARQ and lower MAQ scores can effectively predict the efficacy of neuromodulators."

Biomarker • Journal • Retrospective data • Chronic Cough • Cough • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Refilling Intrathecal Drug Delivery Pumps Outside the Clinic: Survey of Practice in the United Kingdom. (PubMed, Adv Rehabil Sci Pract) - "FoI requests can generate a very high response rate in the UK. Many services manage a small number of patients, which would make it difficult to provide cover when a single-handed clinician is unavailable or to train a second clinician."

Journal • Movement Disorders • Pain

Neurological adverse events associated with baclofen: a pharmacovigilance study based on FDA adverse event reporting system. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "Clinicians should closely monitor for neurological adverse effects caused by baclofen, particularly severe ADEs, and consider individualized dosing strategies. Further research based on real-world data is needed to validate these findings."

Adverse events • Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Hypotension

Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Residential Remoteness and Access to Specialised Interventions in Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "This study aims to determine whether socioeconomic disadvantage and/or geographical remoteness influence access to specialised CP interventions: selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) and intrathecal baclofen (ITB)... Access to SDR and ITB in Australia varies by geographical remoteness. Equity of access is important to monitor, and interventions should be considered to reduce inequity."

Journal • Observational data • Cerebral Palsy • CNS Disorders

Healthcare utilization and disease burden in children with metachromatic leukodystrophy in Germany. (PubMed, Orphanet J Rare Dis) - "Diagnostic and treatment routine pathways and sociomedical support in MLD require extensive resources. We provide detailed cross-sectional and long-term data of MLD-associated disease burden in different stages of disease. This data may serve as a reference when analyzing disease- and healthcare burden also after gene-/stem cell-therapy."

HEOR • Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Pain • Palliative care

Pharmacologic interventions for alcohol use disorder. (PubMed, JAAPA) - "Disulfiram, oral naltrexone, naltrexone IM, and acamprosate are currently the only four medications approved for the treatment of AUD by the FDA. This review aims to examine the efficacy of the approved medications as well as explore the use of off-label pharmacologic treatments used for AUD treatment (including gabapentin, baclofen, oxytocin, N-acetylcysteine, calcium carbonate, and psilocybin). Through this exploration, the most effective treatment for individuals with AUD can be determined to enable providers in ameliorating the prevalence of this disease."

Journal • Review • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Cyclic Hypertonia and Hypotonia Associated with Intrathecal Baclofen Pumps: Findings and Treatments. (PubMed, Pediatr Neurosurg) - "Adjusting pump rates and adding enteric baclofen may help some patients with cyclic hypertonia/hypotonia. If a leak at the pump-connector catheter segment is identified, segment replacement should be considered. When partial revisions fail, complete catheter replacement appears more effective, especially as a second surgery. Cyclic hypertonia/hypotonia is a treatable complication of baclofen pumps."

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The Role of Barbiturates in GHB Withdrawal: A Literature Review and Case Presentation Using Phenobarbital for Severe Sedative Withdrawal (APA 2025) - "Case: A 31-year-old woman with narcolepsy, managed with chronic GHB (Xyrem), presented with severe insomnia, mania, and psychosis after abruptly discontinuing her medication. Despite treatment with high-dose benzodiazepines (approximately 100 mg diazepam equivalent in 24 hours), her symptoms worsened, progressing to an oneiroid state, necessitating ICU admission... This review adds to sparse literature on summative recommendations for the management of GHB withdrawal. The presence of psychotic symptoms or delirium (disorientation, impaired attention and arousal) should raise suspicion for severe GHB withdrawal requiring immediate intervention. While mild to moderate cases of GHB withdrawal may be treated with baclofen and benzodiazepines as is recommended, we advise providers treating severe cases of GHB withdrawal should maintain a low clinical threshold for treatment escalation to ICU admission and phenobarbital administration."

Clinical • Review • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Narcolepsy • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

The Phenibut Paradox: An Umbrella Review and Post-Hoc Analysis of Its Use and Misuse (APA 2025) - "Withdrawal followed high doses, with treatments varying from benzodiazepines to baclofen... Phenibut, when consumed in high dosages within the context of polydrug use, presents a formidable challenge in the management of withdrawal symptoms. It highlights the importance of informed strategies and policy amendments to mitigate the risks of phenibut misuse. Acknowledgement: Dr."

Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Substance Abuse