baclofen / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Amlodipine and Baclofen Overdose Causing Cardiogenic Shock and Mimicking Brain Death: A Novel Combination. (PubMed, Cureus) - "We present a case of a combined toxicity where a gentleman attempted suicide by taking a combination of amlodipine and baclofen, which caused severe cardiogenic shock followed by apparent clinical brain death, preventing the use of extracorporeal support, later resolving with complete resolution without any residual deficit, with the patient confirming the ingestion of baclofen upon waking up. This is the first encounter with such a combination to be recorded in the literature with complete resolution of symptoms."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Critical care • Heart Failure • Hypertension

Delivery of Intrathecal Morphine Through Baclofen Pump for Perioperative Analgesia. (PubMed, J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev) - "We demonstrate that baclofen pumps can be used to deliver intrathecal morphine for effective perioperative analgesia with minimal risk of complications such as respiratory depression, pruritis, and nausea/vomiting. We also highlight steps which must be taken to ensure safety when using this technique."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Pain • Pruritus • Psychiatry

Genetic and clinical characterization of SPG10: a case series of novel pathogenic variants and phenotypic diversity. (PubMed, Ann Med Surg (Lond)) - "Management strategies involved physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and Baclofen for spasticity...This is the first documented case series of SPG10 associated with a novel KIF5A variant in Greece. It underscores the importance of genetic testing for accurate diagnosis and highlights the need for continued research into SPG10 pathophysiology and targeted treatments."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Pain • KIF5A

GABAB receptors negatively modulate excitatory plasticity at the mossy fiber synapse onto parvalbumin-expressing basket and axo-axonic cells in the dentate gyrus. (PubMed, Front Synaptic Neurosci) - "Finally, pre-application of SCH-23390, a blocker of Kir3 channels, occluded the inhibitory effect of baclofen on LTP. These results demonstrate that postsynaptic GABABRs negatively regulate synaptic plasticity at MF synapses onto DG perisomatic-inhibitory PV-INs via Kir3 channels."

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GABA–L-Arginine signaling in gMDSCs drives immunosuppression in female glioblastoma (SNO 2025) - "In preclinical GBM models, treatment with the GABBR agonist baclofen accelerated tumor progression in females through NOS2-, gMDSC- and immune-dependent mechanisms, accompanied by increased T cell suppression in the TME...These findings reveal a sex-specific GABAergic axis that promotes immune suppression in GBM through modulation of gMDSC metabolism and function. Targeting the GABBR-L-arginine-NOS2 pathway may offer a novel immunotherapeutic approach for female GBM patients."

IO biomarker • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Solid Tumor • NOS2

GABAB receptor-mediated modulation of sensory neuron excitability: Roles of CaV2.2, G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels, and hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels in human and mouse nociception. (PubMed, Exp Physiol) - "Both baclofen and the analgesic peptide α-conotoxin Vc1.1 activate GABAB receptors (GABABR), resulting in inhibition of CaV2.2 and CaV2.3 calcium channels to reduce colonic nociception...However, GIRK channel potentiation appears to play only a limited role in modulating excitability in colon-innervating DRGs and colonic afferents. These findings suggest that neurons innervating different body regions use distinct mechanisms to regulate excitability and nociceptive signalling."

Journal • Preclinical • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Pain • CACNA1B • CACNA1E • CACNG3 • CAV2

Infections Associated with Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy: A Multicenter Case-Control Study. (PubMed, J Hosp Infect) - "ITB pump infections are rare in our experience but significantly associated with spinal cord injury, alcohol use, and prior infectious surgery. Early identification and appropriate management yield favorable outcomes. These findings support targeted preventive strategies and reinforce the importance of surgical technique and postoperative vigilance."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Movement Disorders • Orthopedics

Faciobrachial Crural Dystonic Seizures (FBCDS) in a Case of LGI1 Autoimmune Encephalitis with Bilateral Basal Ganglia Hyperintensities (AES 2025) - "Immunotherapy with IV methylprednisolone (1g/day x5 days) followed by IVIG (0.4 g/kg/day x3 days) resulted in near-immediate resolution of the crural motor episodes and marked improvement of the FBDS episodes, for which baclofen was added. This case underscores a rare presentation of LGI1 encephalitis involving crural motor features: continuous and episodic leg movements with preserved awareness that mimic seizures and causes falls. This case underscores a rare presentation of LGI1 encephalitis involving crural motor features: continuous and episodic leg movements with preserved awareness that mimic seizures and causes falls. In this case of FBCDS, crural motor features may be linked with the MRI abnormalities noted in the basal ganglia, expanding the recognized motor phenotype of FBCDS.1,2 While limbic regions are more commonly affected, basal ganglia T2 hyperintensities may disrupt extrapyramidal pathways, contributing to atypical motor signs. Electrographic..."

Clinical • Brain Cancer • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Dystonia • Epilepsy • Glioma • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Solid Tumor

Reply to: Revisiting Safety Assessments of Baclofen and Tizanidine in Older Adults. (PubMed, J Am Geriatr Soc) - No abstract available

Journal

Revisiting Safety Assessments of Baclofen and Tizanidine in Older Adults. (PubMed, J Am Geriatr Soc) - No abstract available

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The role of GABAergic receptors in acute, subacute, and withdrawal syndrome on pain and seizure thresholds in mice: A connection to mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in the brain. (PubMed, Toxicol Rep) - "A GABAB receptor agonist causes a dose- and time-dependent increase in the seizure threshold. Baclofen could reduce oxidative damage by decreasing ROS levels and malondialdehyde formation, and increasing GSH content."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Pain

Acute Intoxication After Baclofen Administration: A Review of the Literature and Methodological Proposals. (PubMed, Toxics) - "The analysis revealed marked heterogeneity in matrices and methods, and a poor correlation between concentration and clinical severity, limiting the reliability of toxicological interpretation in both clinical and postmortem settings. Baclofen intoxication illustrates the challenges of interpreting toxicological data without harmonized analytical criteria and highlights the need for standardized procedures and shared reference databases to improve diagnostic and medico-legal accuracy."

Journal • Review

A narrative review on sleep-related painful erections - is this stuttering priapism? (PubMed, Int J Impot Res) - "Management options in SP include hormonal analogues and α-agonists but in SRPE, baclofen has demonstrated the most consistent results. Our review suggests that SRPE and SP are two distinct conditions and further research is required to develop optimal management strategies for each disease process."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Pain • Rare Diseases • Sickle Cell Disease • Sleep Disorder

Increased Seizure Susceptibility and Network Excitability and Altered Synaptic Functions in A Down Syndrome Mouse Model Carrying Human Chromosome 21, TcMAC21 (AES 2025) - "GABAB-mediated potentials were induced by bath-application of baclofen (50 uM, 2 min) in current clamp mode, holding at -60 mV... In addition to their enhanced propensity to IS, TcMAC21 mice also exhibited increased susceptibility to flurothyl-induced tonic-clonic seizures in vivo and to epileptiform activity in vitro. Moreover, these mice express increased KAR-mediated excitation and less neurotransmitter depletion (consistent with triplication of GRIK1 and SYNJ1) and reduced GABAA-R inhibition, which may contribute to increased susceptibility to seizures. Together, these results provide new insight into DS-specific mechanisms of pathogenesis of seizures."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Genetic Disorders

Excitatory magnetic stimulation increased interhemispheric inhibition: a pharmacological and TMS-EEG study. (PubMed, Cereb Cortex) - "With pretreatment of baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, this study characterized rTMS effects on ISP and the influence of GABAB receptor neurotransmission...Beyond evoked potentials, our data also identified TMS-evoked gamma oscillation as a reliable indicator of intracortical inhibition. These novel findings help to clarify the effects of rTMS on interhemispheric connectivity, which may help to optimize rTMS treatments for various psychiatric disorders."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Mental Retardation • Psychiatry

Pharmacotherapy for Chronic & Intractable Hiccups in Palliative Care: A Mixed Methods Systematic & Umbrella Review. (PubMed, J Pain Symptom Manage) - "The evidence for management of chronic and intractable hiccups in palliative care is of very low certainty and likely subject to significant publication bias. Clinical goals should be reframed from cure to "palliative control", prioritising functional improvement and a reduction in symptom burden."

Journal • Review • Palliative care

Late-onset Kinking of the Ascenda Catheter following Intrathecal Baclofen Pump Implantation: A Case Report. (PubMed, NMC Case Rep J) - "Rapid worsening of spasticity or marked drug delivery deviation changes should raise suspicion of catheter-related complications. Progression of scoliosis in patients with intrathecal baclofen may lead to catheter kinking, warranting ongoing close monitoring."

Journal • Cerebral Palsy • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders

Pharmacotherapy to Prevent Alcohol Relapse in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease. (PubMed, Curr Gastroenterol Rep) - "Naltrexone and acamprosate reduce the relapse in the general AUD population, though data in ALD are limited. Baclofen is the only drug tested in randomized trials in cirrhosis, with early benefit but mixed results in later studies. Gabapentin and topiramate are promising off-label options...Pharmacotherapy is effective yet underused for relapse prevention in ALD. Integration with behavioral interventions and multidisciplinary care is essential to expand access, evaluate novel therapies, and improve patient outcomes."

Journal • Review • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Transplantation • FGF21

GABA–L-Arginine signaling in gMDSCs drives immunosuppression in female glioblastoma (WFNOS 2025) - "In preclinical GBM models, treatment with the GABBR agonist baclofen accelerated tumor progression in females through NOS2-, gMDSC- and immune-dependent mechanisms, accompanied by increased T cell suppression in the TME...These findings reveal a sex-specific GABAergic axis that promotes immune suppression in GBM through modulation of gMDSC metabolism and function. Targeting the GABBR-L-arginine-NOS2 pathway may offer a novel immunotherapeutic approach for female GBM patients."

IO biomarker • Brain Cancer • CNS Tumor • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • NOS2

Intrathecal baclofen use in stiff person syndrome (ASRA-FALL 2025) - "Case: Patient Background •57-year-old male with right auricular melanoma •Previous treatments: partial auriculectomy, sentinel node biopsy, radiotherapy, pembrolizumab •4 years later: fatigue, dizziness, hand tremors Disease Progression and Imaging •Lung nodule → metastatic melanoma confirmed •PET scan: hypermetabolic activity (lung, subcarinal & cervical nodes, adrenal gland) •Labs: eosinophilia •EMG: lower extremity motor neuron/axon injury Symptom Management (Pre-Diagnosis) •Symptoms: generalized pain, cramps, dysphagia, fatigue, disrupted sleep •Medications tried: baclofen, tizanidine, hydrocodone, diazepam, gabapentin, tramadol, prednisone, dantrolene •Partial relief: diazepam (cramps), gabapentin (neuropathic pain) •Physical therapy: aquatic therapy unsuccessful •Oswestry Disability Index (from 0-100): 28 (back; Moderate Disability), 26 (neck; Moderate Disability) Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy •Referred to pain management → diagnosed with Stiff Person Syndrome..."

Late-breaking abstract • CNS Disorders • Eosinophilia • Fatigue • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Melanoma • Movement Disorders • Neuralgia • Sleep Disorder • Solid Tumor

Effects of Low-Dose Intraventricular Baclofen Delivery via Osmotic Pump in a Traumatic Brain Injury. (Neuroscience 2025) - "This study indicates that administration of baclofen via intracerebroventricular(ICV) routes leads to reduced brain parenchymal tissue loss compared to intraperitoneal delivery, despite similar results in behaviors. These results suggest the possibility of the usefulness of ICV baclofen administration as a therapeutic strategy to prevent secondary brain injury in TBI."

CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Movement Disorders • Vascular Neurology • GFAP • IL1B

Activation of GIRK1-containing potassium channels by GiGA1 reduces ethanol-dependent behaviors in mice (Neuroscience 2025) - "By contrast, Baclofen, which activates GIRK channels through GABAB receptors coupled to G proteins, reduces ethanol intake but fails to prevent ethanol-CPP, highlighting GiGA1's broader therapeutic efficacy. Brain-wide cFos mapping reveals that GiGA1 effectively counteracts ethanol-induced neuronal activation in critical AUD-related circuits, including the central amygdala (CeA), paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), and Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW). Together, these findings suggest activation of GIRK1-containing channels could be a promising new therapeutic approach for treating AUD."

Preclinical • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders

Role of frontostriatal circuits in relapse to opioid seeking after voluntary abstinence (Neuroscience 2025) - "We first tested the effect of intracranial injections of the GABAa and GABAb receptor agonists muscimol and baclofen into either mOFC or DMS on oxycodone relapse (n=70 males, n=40 females)... We found that inactivation of the DMS, but not mOFC decreased oxycodone seeking. Functional MRI data revealed that DMS inactivation decreased cerebral blood volume levels in DMS and several distant frontal cortical areas. Furthermore, functional connectivity of frontostriatal circuits significantly increased after DMS inactivation."

Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Substance Abuse

Contingent and Non-contingent Fentanyl Regulates Different Potassium Channels Families in the Prelimbic Cortex (Neuroscience 2025) - "Contingent Fentanyl rats exhibited enhanced baclofen-induced GIRK currents compared to Yoked Fentanyl and Yoked Saline groups. Calcium-activated SK channels, delayed rectifier K+ channels, A-type K+ channels, and two-pore domain K+ channels were unaffected in either region. Together, these results reveal a type-specific adaptation of K+ channels to fentanyl use behavior, which proposes a potential target for future treatment development."

Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders

The role of the dorsocentral striatum in decision-making with immediate and delayed punishment (Neuroscience 2025) - "Here, we investigated the role of the DCS in the delay discounting of punishment via reversible inactivation via infusion of a baclofen/muscimol solution...Preliminary data suggest that chemogenetic inhibition of LOFC projections to DCS do not influence decision-making. These findings will help elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying the delay discounting of punishment, laying a foundation for potential biological treatments to improve decision-making in psychiatric disorders."

CNS Disorders • Mental Retardation • Psychiatry