yellow fever vaccine / iBio, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - LARVOL DELTA

In Vivo Characterization and Tissue Tropism of a Wild-Type Yellow Fever Virus Isolate from the 2017-2018 Brazilian Outbreak in C57BL/6 IFNAR1-/- Mice. (PubMed, Viruses) - "No statistically significant differences were observed between males and females in survival, clinical signs, or viral loads. Altogether, this study provides a robust and reproducible murine model for wild-type YFV infection, offering a valuable platform for investigating viral pathogenesis, host responses, and potential therapeutic interventions."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • IFNAR1

Identification of multiple arbovirus infections or exposure in Brazil using a multiplex microsphere immunoassay (ASTMH 2025) - "In the past few decades, several mosquito-borne arboviruses including dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), West Nile (WNV), yellow fever (YFV), chikungunya (CHIKV), and Mayaro (MAYV) viruses have caused disease outbreaks of public health concern...The results were further compared with a commercial ELISA kit for DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV. In summary, the multiplex and high-throughput MIA assay combined with other confirmations tests can be applied to serodiagnosis and serosurveillance of DENV, ZIKV, WNV, CHIKV and YFV infections/exposure in countries where multiple arboviruses co-circulate."

Chikungunya • Dengue Fever • Infectious Disease

Direct Detection of Orthoflavivirus via Gold Nanorod Plasmon Resonance. (PubMed, Sensors (Basel)) - "Dengue, Zika, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Mayaro arboviruses represent an increasing threat to public health because of the serious infections they cause annually in many countries...Additionally, the functionalized GNRs presented here are promising for supporting virological surveillance studies in mosquitoes. Our findings highlight a fast and highly sensitive method for detecting Orthoflavivirus in both human and mosquito samples, with a detection limit as low as 100 PFU/mL."

Journal • Chikungunya • Dengue Fever • Infectious Disease

The global burden of climate-sensitive diseases in Brazil: the national and subnational estimates and analysis, 1990-2017. (PubMed, Popul Health Metr) - "The burden of CSDs in Brazil has increased since 1990 considering non-communicable and communicable diseases. The potential impact of climate change on such diseases must be evaluated considering disease dynamics and spatial specificities, such as land cover and climate patterns. The main challenges in Brazil related to CSDs are the investments needed for research regarding the increase in the burden of CSDs, for vector control and social health determinants mitigation."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Dengue Fever • Infectious Disease • Malaria • Respiratory Diseases

Colombian consensus on the care of critically ill patients with suspected or confirmed severe yellow fever. (PubMed, Lancet Reg Health Am) - "In more severe cases, plasma exchange and renal replacement therapies are recommended. Based on evidence and the GRADE methodology, implementing these strategies aims to improve survival and reduce morbidity in critically ill yellow fever patients."

Journal • Review • Critical care • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Renal Disease

Quantification of Yellow Fever Virus by Plaque Assay and Focus Formation Assay. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Cell-based viral quantification assays are useful for viral diagnosis and in the different stages of vaccines development. This chapter will describe in detail a protocol to determine the potency of yellow fever virus in laboratory."

Journal

Flow Cytometry as Immunoassay Tool for Research on Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Even with the availability of effective vaccines, gaps about understanding the immune pathophysiology and clinical management are still considered a huge challenge for the scientific community. Therefore, such tool has the potential to aggregate in flavivirus setting, being effective in tracking infection in different biological culture systems, animal and human models, as well as in searching for new antiviral drugs and vaccine efficacy."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Inflammation

Clinical Features of Human Infection by Yellow Fever. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Yellow fever (YF) is an arbovirus caused by a flavivirus. However, recently, studies have emerged showing the possibility of YF treatment with Sofosbuvir and plasmapheresis. The use of acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, and anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided."

Journal • Review • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Renal Disease

A Fast One-Step RT-qPCR to Quantify Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Genome copies were quantified by plasmid standard curve designed to NS5 region. This method provides a specific, rapid, and sensitive diagnosis to yellow fever virus (YFV)."

Journal

Immunoenzyme Test for Capture of IgM Anti-YFV Class Antibodies: MAC-ELISA. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "IgM anti-yellow fever antibodies are captured by anti-IgM present on the polystyrene surface of the wells of the assay plate.The steps of the technique consist of stages (serum, antigen and anti-flavivirus conjugate - 6B6C-1), with incubation intervals at 37°C and washing. When adding the substrate in the next step, positive reactions (those containing the antigen-antibody complex) are blue in color by the action of the TMB substrate on the peroxidase enzyme. Completion of the reaction by adding the stop solution will cause the positive reaction of blue color to turn yellow."

Journal

Enhancing Biosafety Protocols in Laboratories Conducting Research on the Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "YFV is classified as a Risk Group 3 pathogen by the WHO, necessitating handling in Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3) laboratories. Personnel must be vaccinated against YFV at least 10 days prior to contact, as there have been cases of occupationally acquired infections among healthcare and laboratory workers."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Neutralization Tests for Quantification of Specific Antibodies Against Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "The micro-PRNT version (in 96-well plates) is more operational and has a higher sample throughput than the classic PRNT run in 6-well plates. Here we described both methods to quantify yellow fever neutralizing antibodies."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Micro-Focus Reduction Neutralization Tests (mFRNT) for Neutralizing Antibody (Nab) Quantification Against Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Although the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is considered the reference for measuring neutralizing antibodies for Yellow fever virus (YFV), the micro-focus reduction neutralization test (mFRNT) presents many advantages including a higher throughput, a reduced incubation time, and allows the automatic foci count. So, here we describe a detailed mFRNT method that provides a faster neutralization test essential for non-clinical and clinical studies and vaccine design."

Journal

Yellow Fever Virus Genotyping Tool Using RT-qPCR Followed by Nucleotide Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Here we describe a genotyping tool to distinguish the vaccine from wild-type viruses. Experimental assays confirmed the discrimination between South American I and vaccine viruses, but in silico analyses also show its potential to be used for the differentiation of all yellow fever virus genotypes."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Automation on the Plate Analysis from Yellow Fever Serum Neutralization Assays. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Companies specialized in microscopy, robotics, and information technology developed robust systems able to standardize the image acquisition and analysis for neutralization assays, which could aid the public health response to emerging viral diseases. In this context, these automated systems aim to obtain images and to identify morphological patterns, setting the best ranges for some parameters from structures of interest, such as circularity, size, color intensity, etc. In this session, we describe the use of automated image acquisition and quantification procedures to increase serum neutralization assays throughput and improving their results accuracy."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Yellow Fever Virus Bank Production in Stationary Cell Culture. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "This chapter presents a protocol for producing a yellow fever virus (YFV) bank derived from a batch of YFV 17DD vaccine manufactured at Bio-Manguinhos, using stationary culture of Vero CCL-81 cells. Once established, this virus bank can be applied in plaque assays, YFV surveillance studies, diagnostics, and vaccine development."

Journal • Preclinical

ELISA for Detection of Total IgG Against YF 17DD. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "The ELISA technique has attracted widespread interest as a sensitive, efficient, safe, and inexpensive way to measure antigen-antibody reactions since its description in 1971 to current days. Here it is described an indirect ELISA protocol to detect anti-YF 17DD antibodies as an important tool to evaluate immunogenicity to yellow fever vaccine candidates."

Journal

Immunoenzyme Test for Detection of IgG Anti-YFV Class Antibodies: IgG-ELISA. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "The ELISA-IgG technique is based on the principle of specificity of the immune response with the detection of antibodies of the IgG class, using the formation of an antigen-antibody complex, in serum, plasma, blood, or CSF."

Journal

Conventional RT-PCR for Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Molecular methods of diagnostics for viral genome detection offer a fast, sensitive, and highly specific alternative to serological assays for early diagnostics during the viremic phase of infection or in fatal cases tissues. This chapter presents some conventional RT-PCR protocols used in molecular diagnostics, among the several available in the literature."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Purification of Yellow Fever Virus by Liquid Chromatography. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "In addition to being used for vaccine manufacture, purified viral antigens can have a number of other applications, such as antibody production; substrate and control in immunoenzymatic detection tests (ELISA); and, if they are inactivated, can decrease the level of security for manipulation of the virus to assist in research and development. Here it will be presented an overview of viral purification techniques and the processes developed to purify the yellow fever virus."

Journal

Yellow Fever Virus Production in Bioreactor. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "The advantage of using established animal cell lines in vaccine production lies in their greater reproducibility and convenience when compared to primary cells and animal models, as well as their great potential for large-scale production. Such cell lines can be cultivated in bioreactors, under monitored and controlled conditions, providing suitable conditions for viral replication.In this protocol, we describe the production of 17DD yellow fever virus from the cultivation of cell line using agitated bioreactors."

Journal

NS5 Region Cloning Protocol, for the Construction of an Accurate Standard Curve in the Detection and Diagnosis of the Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "The presence of other diseases with similar symptoms complicates differential diagnosis, particularly in endemic regions, and the recent resurgence of YF activity has renewed interest in this arboviral disease. Genomic DNA (gDNA) and plasmids with cloned target sequences serve as standards in quantitative PCR, requiring specific calculations to determine their masses relative to target nucleic acid copy numbers."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Thawing, Growth, and Maintenance of Vero Cell Lines. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Its deficiency in the production of type 1 interferons allows this cell line to be susceptible and permissible to replication of several viruses, including the yellow fever virus...To minimize these risks a cultivation standard should be established. This chapter presents useful protocols for the maintenance of Vero cells for laboratorial routine, such as thawing vials from a cell bank stock, maintenance by subcultivation procedures, adaptation of the cells to grow in serum-free media, and production of cell culture plates for laboratory routine assays."

Journal • Preclinical

Detection of Viral Particles in Paraffinized Tissues and Cell Culture by Indirect Immunofluorescence. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Disclosure of proteins of interest by fluorochrome allows a perception of its spatial distribution and location. Here we describe the technique of indirect immunofluorescence for detection of E protein from yellow fever virus in paraffinized tissue and in cell cultures."

Journal • Preclinical

Sequencing of Yellow Fever Virus. (PubMed, Methods Mol Biol) - "Currently, seven strains have been described: five in Africa (West Africa I and II, East Africa, East/Central Africa, and Angola) and two in the Americas (South America I and II). Phylogenetic studies have provided evidence that the YFV circulating in the Americas is derived from an ancestor of the West African lineage that emerged in Africa and was imported into the American East Coast of West Africa during the slave trade."

Journal