MyoCell / U.S. Stem Cell - LARVOL DELTA

Massive β1-Adrenergic Receptor Reaction Explains Irreversible Acute Arrhythmia in a Fatal Case of Acute Pure Caffeine Intoxication. (PubMed, Cardiovasc Toxicol) - "Quantitation of catecholamines and their metabolites in urine samples was performed and showed level near the highest limit of normal ranges for norepinephrine and high level of epinephrine. Contraction band is a pathological modification of the myocell caused by the catecholaminergic action and can occur in conditions of alteration due to the interaction between calcium and catecholamines. We demonstrated the β1-adrenoceptor involvement in our fatal case by immunohistochemical analysis."

Clinical • Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular

mTORC2 and AMPK differentially regulate muscle triglyceride content via Perilipin 3. (PubMed) - Mol Metab - "We identified a novel link between mTORC2 and PLIN3, which regulates lipid storage in muscle. While mTORC2 is a negative regulator, we further identified AMPK as a positive regulator of PLIN3, which impacts whole-body substrate utilization and nutrient partitioning."

Journal • Biosimilar

Body-Fat Distribution and Metabolic Correlates of Insulin Resistance in Lean Asians (ADA 2017) - "...Methodology: We compared the total body fat (DXA), visceral adipose tissue (MRI), intramyocellular and intrahepatic lipids (MRS), insulin sensitivity (4-hr euglycemic clamp), insulin secretion rate and glucose tolerance (3-hr mixed meal with mathematical modeling) of 11 lean (BMI <22.5 kg/m2) Asian subjects with IR (M value per kg fat free mass (FFM) over steady state insulin=0.10±0.03) and 11 insulin-sensitive (IS) age- and sex-matched controls (MFFM/I=0.26±0.04)... Insulin resistance in lean subjects is associated with increased fat deposition in the visceral area and key metabolic organs (liver and muscle). Increased secretion and decreased clearance of insulin contribute to fasting and postprandial hyperinsulinemia, which largely compensates for peripheral insulin resistance, helping to maintain normal fasting and long-term glycemic control, and preventing significant deterioration in glucose tolerance."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • Biosimilar • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Morphology in High Fat Diet Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance: Focus on Dietary Fat Source. (PubMed) - Front Physiol - "Saturated fatty acids induce skeletal muscle IR and inflammation associated with fission phenotype, whereas ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and inflammation, associated with a shift toward mitochondrial fusion phenotype. The present minireview focuses on mitochondrial bioenergetics and morphology in skeletal muscle IR, with particular attention to the effect of different dietary fat sources on skeletal muscle mitochondria morphology and fusion/fission balance."

Journal • Review • Biosimilar • Diabetes • Immunology • Inflammation • Obesity

Muscle and adipose tissue morphology, insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in diabetic and nondiabetic obese patients: effects of bariatric surgery. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "...Compared to ND, T2D had impaired ß-GS, intracapillary neutrophils and higher intramyocellular fat, adipocyte area in VAT, crown-like structures (CLS) in VAT and SAT with rare structures (cyst-like) ~10-fold larger than CLS...In conclusion, IR improves proportionally to weight loss but remains subnormal, whilst SAT and muscle changes disappear. In T2D postsurgery, some VAT pathology persists and beta-cell dysfunction improves but is not normalized."

Journal • Biosimilar • Fibrosis • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

Intermuscular Adipose Tissue Content and Intramyocellular Lipid Fatty Acid Saturation Are Associated with Glucose Homeostasis in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. (PubMed) - Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) - "These results indicate that higher intermuscular fat content and IMCL saturation may impact fasting glucose concentration in middle-aged and older adults with overweight or obesity. The centralization of adipose tissue in the appendicular region of the body may promote insulin resistance."

Journal • Biosimilar • Diabetes • Hematological Malignancies • Lymphoma • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Oncology

A 3-day high-fat/low-carbohydrate diet does not alter exercise-induced growth hormone response in healthy males. (PubMed) - "We could not show that short-term HF-LC consumption changed significantly exercise-induced GH response or IMCL content in healthy young males."

Journal • Biosimilar

Lipid droplet dynamics in skeletal muscle. (PubMed) - "The high metabolic rate and substrate turnover in skeletal muscle demands a strict coordination of intramyocellular lipid metabolism and LD dynamics, in which lipid droplet coat proteins play an important role. This review provides insights into the characteristics, diversity and dynamics of skeletal muscle lipid droplets."

Journal • Review • Biosimilar

Alterations to mTORC1 signaling in the skeletal muscle differentially affect whole-body metabolism. (PubMed) - Skelet Muscle - "Our study shows that alterations of mTORC1 signaling in the skeletal muscle differentially affect whole-body metabolism. While both inhibition and constitutive activation of mTORC1 induce leanness and resistance to obesity, changes in the metabolism of muscle and peripheral organs are distinct. These results indicate that a balanced mTORC1 signaling in the muscle is required for proper metabolic homeostasis."

Journal • Biosimilar • Diabetes • Myositis • Obesity

New stem cell technique promises abundance of key heart cells (ScienceDaily) - In the proceedings of the NAS, a team of Wisconsin scientists describes a way to transform human stem cells, both embryonic & induced pluripotent stem cells into the critical heart muscle cells by simple manipulation of one key developmental pathway; The technique promises a uniform, inexpensive & far more efficient alternative to the complex bath of serum or growth factors now used to nudge blank slate stem cells to become specialized heart cells

Stem cell research