eszopiclone / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block Combined with Intravenous Esketamine on Postoperative Analgesia and Negative Emotions in Breast Cancer Patients (ChiCTR) - P=N/A | N=108 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Hainan General Hospital; Hainan General Hospital

New trial • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Detection of Signals for Smell and Taste Disorders Associated with Z-drugs: A Disproportionality Analysis of the FAERS Database. (PubMed, Oral Health Prev Dent) - "FAERS data indicate a strong association between eszopiclone and smell/taste disorders, particularly dysgeusia. Parosmia emerged as an additional signal warranting clinical attention. Further epidemiological and mechanistic studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and clinical significance of these findings."

Journal

ELOSA: Effects of Eszopiclone and Lemborexant in People With OSA With a Low Arousal Threshold Who Have Difficulty Sleeping (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=15 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Flinders University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Inter-Brand Price Variation of Z-Drugs Available in India: A Pharmacoeconomic Analysis (WFSBP 2026) - "Available brands of zolpidem, zopiclone, eszopiclone, and zaleplon were identified. Substantial inter-brand price variation exists among Z-drugs marketed in India. Given the widespread use of these medications in psychiatric practice, this variation may affect affordability, treatment adherence, and continuity of care. Greater awareness of medication costs among prescribers and consideration of cost-effective alternatives may help promote rational prescribing and improve access to treatment."

HEOR • Omic analysis • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Recommendations on Switching or Deprescribing Hypnotic Medications for Insomnia. (PubMed, Dtsch Arztebl Int) - "A drug-specific approach with evidence-based and practice-oriented protocols should be used when hypnotic medications are switched or discontinued."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Signals of Venous Thromboembolism Risk from Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Benzodiazepines and Other Sedative Hypnotics: Self-Controlled Case Series Analyses. (PubMed, Clin Drug Investig) - "Most benzodiazepine/z-drug combinations conferred no increased venous thromboembolism risk. However, concurrent use of a benzodiazepine/z-drug with gabapentin may increase the relative rate of venous thromboembolism up to 3.5-fold. As this work was hypothesis generating, a future etiologic study should confirm this potential drug interaction."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Neuralgia • Pain • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder • Venous Thromboembolism

Development of a Green Spectrofluorimetric Method for Eszopiclone Determination Based on Erythrosin B Fluorescence Quenching. (PubMed, Anal Biochem) - "Application to pharmaceutical tablets (99.21 ± 0.306%) and spiked plasma samples (98.50-100.40%) confirmed broad analytical utility, with statistical equivalence to a reference HPLC method established by t- and F-tests. Green chemistry assessment using AGREE (0.74), MoGAPI (78%), BAGI (70), and RGB12 (87.2% whiteness) confirmed high environmental sustainability."

Journal

A clinical study on the effect of sub-anesthetic dose of esketamine in alleviating anxiety in patients with vulvar leukoplakia treated by focused ultrasound (ChiCTR) - P4 | N=126 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College

New P4 trial • Anesthesia • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Promotion of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) Techniques (ChiCTR) - P=N/A | N=24 | Completed | Sponsor: The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital); The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Provincial Bra

New trial • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder • IGF1

ExPRESSION: Do Endotypes Predict Response and Sequelae in OSA Patients (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=233 | Completed | Sponsor: University of California, San Diego | Recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Jan 2027 ➔ Feb 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2027 ➔ Feb 2026

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • CNS Disorders • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

A Pragmatic Algorithm for Selecting Psychopharmacology Treatment for Secondary Insomnia. (PubMed, J Clin Psychopharmacol) - "Insomnia is often multifactorial. When it is secondary to psychiatric disorders, there may be evidence-supported psychopharmacology approaches rather than just targeting the insomnia solely as a symptom."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • General Anxiety Disorder • Insomnia • Major Depressive Disorder • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Exploring the Synergistic Mechanism of Combined Hypnotic Drugs on Sleep in Mice Based on Transcriptomics. (PubMed, Neuropharmacology) - "The study reveals that co-administration of dexmedetomidine and eszopiclone produces a significant synergistic hypnotic effect in mice, with the strongest synergy demonstrated when the drugs are combined at the equal ratio. The underlying mechanism mediating their synergistic modulation of sleep may be associated with the upregulation of Gh and Prl genes as well as the downregulation of Glra1, Npsr1 and Trpv1 genes in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway."

Journal • Preclinical • PBX1 • TRPV1

Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for chronic insomnia in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Sleep Med) - "Despite several limitations, nonpharmacological interventions, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and techniques reducing sympathetic hyperarousal (acupuncture, yoga, massage), seem to be the most robust first-line options for peri- and postmenopausal women suffering from chronic insomnia, whereas pharmacological treatments still require longer and better designed studies to establish their long-term efficacy and safety."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Effect of Eszopiclone on Adherence to CPAP and Severity of Insomnia in Patients With COMISA (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=60 | Completed | Sponsor: University of Sao Paulo General Hospital | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 ➔ Mar 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2025 ➔ Oct 2025 | Recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Drug Burden Index and Its Association With Functional Outcomes in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis. (PubMed, Kidney Med) - "The most prescribed psychoactive PIMs were gabapentin, zolpidem/eszopiclone, and tramadol. We used Medicare Part D claims for medication exposure, but we cannot confirm patients took medications as indicated. Although most patients had ≥1 psychoactive PIM prescription, we did not observe a significant association between annual DBI and declining functional status that persisted over time."

Journal • Chronic Kidney Disease • Renal Disease

Comparative efficacy of positive airway pressure-based combination therapy in comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Sleep Med Rev) - "Results showed that PAP-based combination therapies (PAP + Medication, cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) →PAP, CBT-I + PAP, adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV), and triple therapy (PAP + CBT-I + Eszopiclone)) significantly improved insomnia symptoms...PAP-based combination therapies were associated with greater improvement in insomnia compared with PAP alone, while CBT-I→PAP showed the most consistent benefit for reducing daytime sleepiness. Although triple therapy showed favorable effect directions, its ranking results are probabilistic and should be cautiously interpreted due to limited direct evidence."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Sleep-Related Eating Disorder among Japanese Psychiatric Outpatients Receiving Ultra-Short-Acting Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. (PubMed, J Nippon Med Sch) - "The observed prevalence aligns with earlier reports, confirming that nearly one in eleven psychiatric outpatients receiving USBZRAs experiences SRED. Our study extends prior work by showing that SRED risk is highest at the maximum recommended dose, and especially with zolpidem. The wide confidence intervals reflect the small number of events and should be interpreted as hypothesis generating rather than definitive. These findings support limiting USBZRA dosage, favoring lower-risk hypnotics, and actively screening for nocturnal eating. This pilot study warrants validation in larger cohorts."

Journal • Observational data • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

CALM-OSA: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, Arousability and Links to Mechanisms in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=250 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Yale University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Efficacy of auriculotherapies for primary insomnia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "The most effective auriculotherapy regimens for PI are auricular bloodletting + auricular acupressure and auricular massage + auricular scraping + auricular acupressure. However, because of the small number of studies included in the current meta-analysis, these results need to be confirmed. Future studies should focus on high-quality, suitably powered randomized controlled trials that compare these auriculotherapy modalities head-to-head."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Do sleep interventions improve sleep in MS? A systematic review and meta-analysis of activity monitor assessed outcomes. (PubMed, Mult Scler Relat Disord) - "Activity monitors have been used to assess sleep intervention effectiveness in PwMS in studies assessing physical activity, mindfulness and CBT. Objective improvements in sleep were reported following mindfulness and only using one measure (sleep efficiency). However, the small number of included studies limits definitive conclusions. Future trials should consider a wider range of outcome measures and longer time horizons."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • CNS Disorders • Multiple Sclerosis

NAP: National Adaptive Trial for PTSD Related Insomnia (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=673 | Completed | Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development | Active, not recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • Sleep Disorder

Z-Drugs in the Environment: A Review. (PubMed, Molecules) - "This review paper focuses on summarizing data on these topics. To the best of our knowledge, such a comprehensive review has not yet been published."

Journal • Review • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Infectious Disease • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia • Sleep Disorder

Comparative pharmacovigilance of non-benzodiazepine receptor agonists versus dual orexin receptor antagonists for insomnia in older adults. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "nBZRAs, particularly eszopiclone, showed the strongest signals related to therapeutic failure (e.g., "Drug ineffective," "Insomnia") alongside a unique signal for "Dysgeusia"...System Organ Class analysis showed that psychiatric and nervous system disorders had the highest incidence. These findings highlight distinct safety profiles: nBZRAs are linked to therapeutic failure and dysgeusia, while DORAs are associated with neuropsychiatric events such as nightmares and hallucinations."

Adverse events • Journal • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Z-Drug Use and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Cohort Studies. (PubMed, Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat) - "Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs known as z-drugs (including zolpidem, eszopiclone, zopiclone, zaleplon) are commonly prescribed for insomnia patients worldwide. This meta-analysis showed a positive association between z-drug use and all-cause mortality; however, the substantial between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 99.6%) warrants cautious interpretation of these findings. Clinicians should exercise caution when prescribing z-drugs to high-risk patients."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Sleep Disorder

Treatment Options for Sleep Disturbances in Dementia: A Systematic Review. (PubMed, J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol) - "Z-drug eszopiclone, low-dose ORA lemborexant, and social stimulation PARO show the most favorable profile across outcomes and benchmarks, but pharmacological options require careful risk-benefit consideration. No external funding. The review was registered in INPLASY: https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2025.1.0097."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Dementia • Sleep Disorder