Kineret (anakinra) / SOBI - LARVOL DELTA

CAR T-Cell Therapy Use in Rare Lymphoid Malignancies: A Single-Center Experience (SOHO 2025) - "He received Axi-Cel, with a course complicated by grade 3 immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) and grade 1 cytokine release syndrome (CRS), requiring steroids, tocilizumab, and anakinra...Case 3: A 62-year-old male with isolated CNS relapse of DLBCL received Axi-Cel after failing methotrexate (MTX)-based treatment... This report adds evidence supporting CAR-T therapy in challenging conditions like PTLD and CNSL, where larger clinical trials are ongoing or difficult to conduct."

CAR T-Cell Therapy • Clinical • B Cell Lymphoma • CNS Lymphoma • Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma • Eye Cancer • Hematological Malignancies • Lymphoma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology

CAR-T Cell Therapy in B-Cell Lymphoma (ICBMT 2025) - P3 | "This treatment approach was first available in the third or later line setting (3L+) based on the results of single -arm trials, namely ZUMA -1 (axicabtagene ciloleucel [axi -cel]), JULIET (tisagenlecleucel [tisa -cel]) and TRANSCEND -NHL -001 (lisocabtagene maracelucel [liso -cel]1-3...Three main issues should be taken into account when planning treatment for a potential CART candidate: 1) Confirming an adequate washout of prior systemic treatment at time of leukapheresis, including at least 2 weeks in case of chemotherapy and 6 -12 months for bendamustine 15,47; 2) CD20/CD3 -targeted BsAbs seem safe prior to leukapheresis, if a sufficient time interval is maintained 48, but data in the bridging period are lacking; 3) CD19 -directed agents such as tafasitamab 49,50 or loncastuximab tesirine 51-53 could potentially decrease target expression and subsequent CAR T -cell efficacy 54,55, but further studies are warranted to better understand their individual..."

CAR T-Cell Therapy • IO biomarker • B Cell Lymphoma • Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma • Follicular Lymphoma • Hematological Malignancies • High-grade B-cell lymphoma • Indolent Lymphoma • Infectious Disease • Large B Cell Lymphoma • Leukemia • Lymphoma • Mediastinal B Cell Lymphoma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma • BCL2 • BCL6

Immunosuppressant Management in Rheumatology Patients Undergoing Elective Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=80 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: NYU Langone Health

New P2 trial • Orthopedics • Rheumatology

Brentuximab Vedotin-Induced Cytokine Release Syndrome-Like State, Lactic Acidosis, and Severe Electrolyte Imbalance (SOHO 2025) - "Background: Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is a CD30-directed antibody-drug conjugate composed of a monoclonal antibody linked to monomethyl auristatin E. It is licensed for use in newly-diagnosed and relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). His excellent response to steroids and anakinra supports the theory of a hyperinflammatory state. Following stabilization, modified-dose ICE chemotherapy was administered before proceeding to an autologous stem cell transplant."

Cytokine release syndrome • Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma • Hematological Malignancies • Hodgkin Lymphoma • Lymphoma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology • ALK • CRP

Update in new-onset refractory status epilepticus and febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome. (PubMed, Curr Opin Pediatr) - "NORSE/FIRES is a severe neurologic entity. Research is underway to determine pathogenesis, develop biomarkers, and provide more targeted immunotherapies with hopes of improving patient outcomes."

IO biomarker • Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Infectious Disease • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, and Risk Factors of Immune Effector Cell-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-Like Syndrome (IEC-HS) in Patients Treated With Talicabtagene Autoleucel (Humanized Anti-CD19 CAR-T) (SOHO 2025) - "Among the affected patients, 94% (17/18) received anakinra as first-line treatment for a median duration of 10 days (range, 2-22), starting at 100 mg q8h; 23.5% (4/17) required dose escalation to a maximum of 200 mg q8h. IEC-HS is a serious but manageable complication of CAR-T therapy. Early recognition and targeted intervention are key to improving outcomes. Strategies for prevention and mitigation are critical for successfully managing CAR-T therapy."

Clinical • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia • B Cell Lymphoma • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Lymphoma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology

Idiopathic HLH Presenting as Acute Liver Failure: A Challenging Diagnostic and Management Dilemma (ACG 2025) - "Infectious and autoimmune workup was negative including blood cultures, dengue virus, Syphilis, adenovirus, parvovirus, C. diff,, leptospira, EBV, CMV, Influenza A/B, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasma, HSV, VZV, SARS-CoV-2 malaria, chikungunya, West Nile, HAV, HBV, HCV, HIV, ANCAs, rheumatoid factor, ASMA Ab, LKM Ab, AMA Ab.She then developed rapidly progressive encephalopathy, worsening liver synthetic function and refractory shock, despite empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics, stress-dose steroids and ruxolitinib and anakinra for presumed HLH. A did not reveal an etiology. The lack of a clear trigger underscores the importance of the need for a high index of suspicion and prompt treatment since HLH can be life-threatening.Figure: Table 1: Admission laboratory values"

Anemia • Chikungunya • CNS Disorders • Dengue Fever • Fatigue • Hematological Malignancies • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Liver Failure • Malaria • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Rare Diseases • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombocytopenia • CXCL9 • IL2RA

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers as the First Manifestation of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (ACG 2025) - "Case Description/ A 27-year-old male with a history of biopsy-proven HLH on dexamethasone and etoposide (last dose 2 weeks ago), presented to an outside hospital with two weeks of nausea, vomiting, and a 10-pound weight loss...He developed a massive upper GI bleed from gastric and duodenal ulcers, requiring embolization of the left gastric and gastroduodenal arteries, and a fever to 38.8°C without clear infection, prompting restart of HLH therapy with dexamethasone, anakinra, and ruxolitinib...These lesions proved refractory to endoscopic clips, hemospray, and epinephrine injections...A pectoral lymph node biopsy confirmed DLBCL, and he was started on R-CHOP chemotherapy...Recognition of HLH in such presentations is critical, as prompt treatment of the underlying malignancy led to ulcer resolution. This case underscores the importance of considering HLH in refractory or atypical ulcer disease."

B Cell Lymphoma • Cardiovascular • Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma • Gastroenterology • Hematological Malignancies • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Lymphoma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Peptic Ulcer • Rare Diseases • GAST • IL2

Use of IL-1 inhibitors in the treatment of familial Mediterranean fever in pediatric rheumatology (PubMed, Z Rheumatol) - "Pathogenic MEFV variants, particularly in homozygous or compound-heterozygous form, were associated with earlier onset of symptoms, longer delay in diagnosis and greater therapeutic need. Early genetic testing could support targeted treatment escalation."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Pediatrics • Rheumatology

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: An 18-Year-Long Retrospective Single-Center Study. (PubMed, Cureus) - "HLH is considered a life-threatening disease; urgent diagnosis of both the disease and the underlying cause and treatment are essential for ensuring the best prognosis. Even so, there still are refractory diseases that need to be further studied in order to implement new therapeutic strategies."

Journal • Retrospective data • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Hematological Disorders • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Oncology • Pediatrics • Rare Diseases • Transplantation

Predictive factors for therapeutic response and cluster analysis in syndrome of undifferentiated recurrent fever (SURF). (PubMed, RMD Open) - "These findings provide new insights into SURF, identifying predictors of colchicine resistance and supporting the efficacy of IL-1 blockade. Cluster analysis suggests the heterogeneity within SURF, reinforcing the need for refined diagnostic criteria and personalised treatment strategies."

Biomarker • Journal • Dental Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Musculoskeletal Pain • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Stomatitis

Advancements in Immune Effector Cell-Associated HLH-Like Syndrome (SOHO 2025) - "Ruxolitinib blocks IFN γ signaling through JAK/STAT inhibition, and emapalumab directly neutralizes circulating and membrane-bound IFN γ . Both have demonstrated efficacy in patients refractory to steroids and anakinra...Earlier implementation of IFN γ -targeted therapy, combined with serial CXCL9 assessments to guide appropriate dosing strategies, holds promise that this CAR-T therapy complication may not be as dismal in the near future. These advancements may also aid in progressing cellular therapies for solid tumors and non-malignant conditions."

Oncology • Solid Tumor • CXCL9 • IFNG

Janus kinase inhibitors in palmoplantar pustulosis: a mixed-methods feasibility (JAKPPPOT) trial protocol. (PubMed, BMJ Open) - "Participants (n=20) will receive 8 weeks of treatment with the JAK inhibitor upadacitinib ('Rinvoq', 30 mg, once daily)...Historic placebo control data from the Anakinra for Pustular Psoriasis: Response in a Controlled Trial (National Institute of Health and Social Care reference: 13/50/17; Research Ethics Commitee reference: 16/LO/0436) will be used as the effect size comparator...Our findings will inform the feasibility of a future adequately powered RCT evaluating the efficacy of JAK inhibitor therapy in PPP. ISRCTN61751241."

Clinical protocol • Journal • Cardiovascular • Dermatology • Immunology • Oncology • Pain • Psoriasis • Pustular Psoriasis

Use of anakinra for corticosteroid-refractory paradoxical IRIS in patients with HIV and tuberculous lymphadenitis: two case reports (EACS 2025) - No abstract available

Case report • Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Sweet Syndrome in Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Population Study in the TriNetX Research Database. (PubMed, Int J Dermatol) - No abstract available

Journal • Dermatology • Hidradenitis Suppurativa • Immunology

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Gene Variants in Severe COVID-19 Cytokine Storm Syndrome. (PubMed, Viruses) - "This severe COVID-19 cohort, like others, shares CSS features but is best identified by the ferritin-ESR ratio. Rare heterozygous CSS gene (fHLH genes and DOCK8) mutations were frequently (45%) identified in this severe COVID-19 cohort, and DOCK8 missense mutations may contribute to CSS via diminished lymphocyte cytolytic activity."

Journal • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Rare Diseases • Respiratory Diseases • DOCK8

Role of anakinra in the management of children with severe dengue. (PubMed, Arch Dis Child) - "Anakinra may represent a valuable adjunct in the management of severe dengue with hyperinflammation. Prospective, controlled studies are warranted to establish its efficacy, timing and optimal dosing."

Journal • Critical care • Dengue Fever • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Failure • Pediatrics • Rare Diseases • Rheumatology

Successfully Overcoming Allergy to Anakinra Through Intravenous Desensitization in a Child "Case Report". (PubMed, Case Reports Immunol) - "This case demonstrates successful intravenous desensitization against Anakinra in a child with TRAPS and needle phobia, thus enabling continued treatment. This approach may benefit others facing similar challenges and warrants further research."

Journal • Allergy • Immunology • Oncology • TNFA

Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Unusual Presentation With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "With clinical deterioration, the patient was empirically treated with anakinra and steroids for HLH with an unclear underlying driver, resulting in temporary improvement...HL should be considered when infection and autoimmune causes are excluded, especially in the presence of FDG-avid lymphadenopathy, cytopenias, and hyperferritinemia. Early hematology involvement and tissue diagnosis are key to avoiding delays in treatment."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Hodgkin Lymphoma • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Lymphoma • Oncology • Pain • Rare Diseases • Septic Shock

The Intriguing Roles of Cytokines in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Narrative Review. (PubMed, Curr Obes Rep) - "Additionally, cytokine-based therapies, including anti-TNF-α agents (infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept), NLRP3 inhibitors, recombinant IL-1R antagonist (anakinra), selective C-C chemokine receptor type 2 inhibitors, anti-IL-17 (e.g., secukinumab and ixekizumab) or IL-17R (brodalumab) monoclonal antibodies, and recombinant IL-22, may prove promising pharmacological targets for the management of MASLD. Amounting evidence renders some cytokines key players in the pathophysiology of MASLD, which may possibly have diagnostic and therapeutic implications."

Biomarker • Journal • Review • Fibrosis • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Oncology • Solid Tumor • IL10 • IL17A • IL18 • IL2 • IL22 • IL33 • IL6 • NLRP3

Inflammatory Polyarthritis as the Initial Presentation of Hereditary Hemochromatosis with Compound Heterozygosity C282Y/H63D (ACG 2025) - "Despite treatment with prednisone, colchicine, and anakinra, symptoms persisted until high-dose IV methylprednisone was added. In patients with severe inflammatory polyarthritis and transaminitis, HH precipitating CPPD should be considered as early management can help prevent organ damage.Figure: This slide from the patient's liver biopsy demonstrates hepatocellular iron deposition along with focal Kupffer cell iron deposition (shown in blue) concerning for hereditary hemochromatosis.Figure: Left wrist x-ray shows radiopaque punctate and linear densities within the patient's radiocarpal and triangular fibrocartilage complex articular cartilage, representing chondrocalcinosis. Chondrocalcinosis was present on x-ray in many of his painful joints, supporting the diagnosis of CPPD."

Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Hypertension • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Pain • Rheumatology

IL-1 Pathway Inhibition in Recurrent Pericarditis Management: Real-World Adoption of Corticosteroid Sparing in RESONANCE. (PubMed, JACC Adv) - P | "In RESONANCE, IL-1 pathway inhibition increasingly replaced corticosteroids as second-line therapy. Most patients starting corticosteroids transitioned to IL-1 pathway inhibition; few transitioned from second-line IL-1 pathway inhibition to long-term corticosteroids. These findings may inform treatment algorithms and patient-provider decision-making."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • Inflammation • Pediatrics

Diagnostic Dilemma: Adult Onset Still's Disease Mimicking Lymphoma-A Case Report and Literature Review. (PubMed, Case Reports Immunol) - "The patient was initiated on anakinra and prednisolone, leading to significant improvement... AOSD presents a significant diagnostic challenge due to its rarity and symptom overlap with infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases. This case highlights the importance of a thorough clinical evaluation and the application of established diagnostic criteria to facilitate early diagnosis and timely management."

Journal • Hematological Malignancies • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Lymphoma • Mumps • Oncology • Rheumatology • CRP

Deficiency of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist aggravates Citrobacter rodentium infection in mice. (PubMed, Immunohorizons) - "In contrast, the macrophages of IL1raKO mice were able to upregulate more inducible nitric oxide synthase and produce more nitrite that wild-type macrophages; however, the former was less effective in mediating killing of C. rodentium in vitro. Together, our results suggest that IL-1RA plays a protective role in combating enteropathogen infection."

Journal • Preclinical • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • LCN2

The Effects of IL-1 Blockade on Inotrope Sensitivity in Patients With Heart Failure (AID-HEART) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=20 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Virginia Commonwealth University | Trial completion date: Jun 2025 ➔ Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 ➔ Oct 2025

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • CRP