lorazepam / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Dissecting the difference between positive and negative brain health sentiment using X data. (PubMed, Front Digit Health) - "These X-posts also mention coping strategies like using medications such as lorazepam and simvastatin, or consuming comfort foods like pizza. In contrast, positive sentiments emphasize resilience and improvement, with mentions of mindfulness, supplements, and medications like doxycycline and pregabalin. The study also highlights the risk of disseminating information about dietary and drug supplements that may not be suitable for public use due to serious side effects, such as Chaga mushrooms, which, despite being associated with positive sentiment, are known to cause renal failure in certain cases. Overall, the study profiles the use of positive and negative brain health sentiment of X, which underscores both the advantages and risks of using X (formerly Twitter) as a platform for sharing brain health-related information."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry • Renal Disease

Assessment of the Treatment for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome With and Without Dexmedetomidine: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, J Clin Med Res) - "Secondary outcomes assessed were lorazepam equivalent usage, and readmission within 30, 60 and 90 days, which were not statistically significant when accounting for ICU LOS. Among patients treated for AWS, dexmedetomidine use appeared to be associated with longer hospital and ICU stays, while benzodiazepine requirements remained unchanged. These associations may reflect differences in illness severity, emphasizing the need for future prospective evaluation."

Journal • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Critical care • Epilepsy

Electroconvulsive Therapy Under Mechanical Ventilation for Catatonia-associated Respiratory Failure. (PubMed, J ECT) - "We report the case of a male patient in his 30s with schizophrenia who developed severe catatonia following discontinuation of clozapine...During this time, the catatonia improved with high-dose lorazepam and midazolam; however, a spontaneous awakening trial (SAT) revealed that the catatonic symptoms had rapidly recurred following a reduction in the sedative dosage...Rather than delaying ECT because of its medical conditions, the treatments, including mechanical ventilation to protect the airway, should be carefully coordinated to enable the safe administration of ECT. Furthermore, SAT can serve as a valuable clinical tool for determining the appropriate timing and the need for ECT in catatonic patients under mechanical ventilation."

Journal • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • Schizophrenia

Catatonia in the medically ill and dying: a review for palliative care clinicians. (PubMed, Ann Palliat Med) - "We also provide guidance on screening, diagnosis, and treatment-emphasizing the use of bedside tools such as the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale and the lorazepam challenge-and review first-line and adjunctive therapies, including benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy...Recognizing and treating catatonia can relieve suffering, restore communication, and shift clinical trajectories in ways that support patients' goals of care. Awareness of catatonia among PC teams can lead to earlier diagnosis, effective treatment, and better alignment of care with patient values."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Dementia • Mental Retardation • Palliative care • Psychiatry

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome on Chronic Trifluoperazine Therapy: A Diagnostic Dilemma. (PubMed, Clin Case Rep) - "Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare, life-threatening reaction to antipsychotic medication. The patient's condition improved following supportive care, administration of bromocriptine, and lorazepam. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of NMS in patients on a stable antipsychotic regimen and underscores the importance of early recognition, particularly after excluding infectious etiologies."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

From physics to prediction: genetic algorithm-optimized neural network using hansen solubility parameters for pharmaceutical solubility in neat and mixed solvents. (PubMed, Eur J Pharm Biopharm) - "To ensure generality, the MLPANN was trained on 496 experimental solubility values of acetaminophen, diazepam, ibuprofen, lorazepam, and naproxen in both neat and binary solvent systems, including water, ethanol, isopropanol, dioxane, NMP, and propylene glycol. Two scenarios, using the optimized networks, achieved R2 values exceeding 0.99 across training, validation, and testing subsets. Graphical validation-an important aspect often overlooked in previous studies-demonstrated excellent predictive performance for unseen testing data of acetaminophen in isopropanol-water and naproxen in ethanol-water mixtures."

Journal

A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Dronabinol for Agitation in Alzheimer's Disease. (PubMed, Am J Geriatr Psychiatry) - P2 | "Adjunctive dronabinol treatment was safe and effective for treating agitation in AD."

Clinical • Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Dementia • Epilepsy • Psychiatry

Comparing synaptic mechanisms of iTBS and 10-Hz rTMS corticomotor plasticity. (PubMed, Transcranial Magn Stimul) - "However, 10-Hz rTMS benefitted from NMDAR agonism with d-cycloserine (DCS) more than iTBS (β = 0.516, p < 0.001), which was partially attenuated by adding NMDAR antagonist dextromethorphan (DXM) to DCS. To test whether GABAR removal contributes to enhanced MEP excitability, as suggested by animal studies with 10-Hz, we reasoned that inhibition induced by GABAR agonism via lorazepam (LZP) would be less than at baseline, after GABAR removal by TMS...Nevertheless, it is the first to compare the synaptic-level mechanisms of iTBS and 10-Hz rTMS, suggesting both iTBS and 10-Hz act predominantly through NMDAR-dependent LTP-like mechanisms rather than GABAergic mechanisms. The differential effects between protocols (i.e., 10-Hz produced more facilitation with DCS and more inhibition with LZP) could be accounted for by iTBS producing occlusion with DCS and compensatory facilitation with LZP, but this is speculative and requires preclinical work to confirm."

Clinical • Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Psychiatry

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms After HHV-6 Encephalitis in an Immunocompetent Child: A Case Report. (PubMed, Am J Case Rep) - "The patient received ganciclovir and lorazepam, resulting in substantial improvement. Neuropsychiatric manifestations, including catatonia, may occur even in the absence of classical signs of encephalitis. Awareness of this rare presentation may facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Levetiracetam therapeutically targets GABAergic synapses in diffuse midline glioma (SNO 2025) - "Increasing GABA signaling with the benzodiazepine lorazepam increases glioma proliferation and reduces survival in xenograft models of DMG but not IDH-WT HGG. Retrospective real-world clinical data demonstrate longer overall survival for children with DMG who were taking levetiracetam, which was not evident in pediatric hemispheric HGG. These findings uncover growth-promoting GABAergic synaptic communication between GABAergic neurons and DMG cells, underscoring a tumor subtype-specific mechanism of brain cancer neurophysiology with potentially important implications for commonly used drugs in this disease context, which should be further studied in future prospective clinical studies."

Brain Cancer • CNS Disorders • Diffuse Midline Glioma • Epilepsy • Glioblastoma • Glioma • High Grade Glioma • Solid Tumor

Levetiracetam therapeutically targets GABAergic synapses in diffuse midline glioma (SNO 2025) - "Increasing GABA signaling with the benzodiazepine lorazepam increases glioma proliferation and reduces survival in xenograft models of DMG but not IDH-WT HGG. Retrospective real-world clinical data demonstrate longer overall survival for children with DMG who were taking levetiracetam, which was not evident in pediatric hemispheric HGG. These findings uncover growth-promoting GABAergic synaptic communication between GABAergic neurons and DMG cells, underscoring a tumor subtype-specific mechanism of brain cancer neurophysiology with potentially important implications for commonly used drugs in this disease context, which should be further studied in future prospective clinical studies."

Brain Cancer • CNS Disorders • Diffuse Midline Glioma • Epilepsy • Glioblastoma • Glioma • High Grade Glioma • Solid Tumor

Catatonia as the initial manifestation of neuropsychiatric lupus. (PubMed, Oxf Med Case Reports) - "The patient received high-dose corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, hydroxychloroquine, and lorazepam, with marked improvement after three days and complete recovery within two weeks, remaining relapse-free during follow-up. This case emphasizes the importance of considering catatonia as an initial manifestation of neuropsychiatric SLE and highlights the diagnostic relevance of anti-ribosomal P antibodies in such presentations."

Journal • Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Psychiatry • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Cumulative exposure to opioids and benzodiazepines in extremely preterm neonates. (PubMed, J Perinatol) - "Opioid and benzodiazepine use is common and variable in extremely preterm neonates. Standardized pain management and long-term outcome studies are urgently needed."

Journal • Pain

Opioid and sedative use in extremely preterm infants receiving mechanical ventilation. (PubMed, J Perinatol) - "In preterm infants receiving mechanical ventilation, the use of opioids or sedatives was common and high frequency ventilation was associated with higher exposure to medications."

Journal

An observational study on the clinical profile, management approaches, and outcomes of adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit for status epilepticus. (PubMed, Neurosciences (Riyadh)) - "Most ICU admissions for SE involved young patients with few having abnormalities on brain imaging and cerebrospinal fluid and most needing intubation. Hospital mortality was 5.2% with the presence of an infection on admission linked to an unfavorable outcome."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Brain Cancer • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Critical care • Epilepsy • Hematological Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Atypical Clinical Course of a Very Late Onset Generalized Epilepsy Syndrome (AES 2025) - "She was evaluated once more in November 2021 for similar symptoms of confusion and catatonia, which showed marked improvement following intravenous administration of lorazepam...She experienced significant improvement after increasing doses of levetiracetam and lamotrigine, without any recurrence of status epilepticus. Recurrent episodes of confusion/catatonia, with speech disturbances likely represent clinical absence status epilepticus. This case highlights a very rare presentation of a primary generalized epilepsy syndrome, specifically an extreme late-onset epilepsy and recurrent episodes of absence status epilepticus, after a sustained period of seizure freedom."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Vascular Neurology

Improve Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (AES 2025) - "Although LOS remained unchanged, intervention times for CSE in BSLEMU significantly exceeded national guideline standard by almost 6 folds, necessitating targeted improvements. Analysis revealed gaps in multiple areas in clinical care. Future interventions will aim at education about seizure identification and notification, modifying admission order-set to mandate lorazepam order at admission, as well as centralizing and bundle medication with administration supplies."

CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Neurobeachin (NBEA) Gene Defect Associated Epileptic Encephalopathy: Responsiveness to Cenobamate (AES 2025) - "Cenobamate was titrated every two weeks at age 13 years, and patient became seizure free at a dose of 100mg daily, and was tapered off clobazami after several months being seizure free, he remains delayed in academics but less autistic like and fewer behavioral issues on daily fenfluramine(24mg) , valproate (1350mg), and cenobamate (100mg) at 50.8 kg.Patient 2 : 32 year old female diagnosed NBEA with epilepsy and autism at age 2 years with comorbid mood disorder, refractory epilepsy...She was started on cenobamate and tapered off oxtellar and continued valproate and lorazepam... NBEA is a rare DEE with refractory epilpesy and identification can lead to better treatment outcomes. Cenobamate therapy in two cases improved both seizure control and behavioral outcome. More research is warranted."

Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Genetic Disorders • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Ophthalmology • Psychiatry • NBEA

Optimizing Initial Seizure Treatment in Older Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Medicare Linked to the Health and Retirement Study (AES 2025) - "The five most commonly prescribed ASMs were: levetiracetam (27%), lorazepam (15%), phenytoin (12.6%), gabapentin (11.4%) and pregabalin (9.9%). When epilepsy is diagnosed in older adults, they are often prescribed ASMs that have known adverse effects as initial therapy for epilepsy. However, ASMs recommended by the American Epilepsy Society and American Academy of Neurology guidelines for initial therapy are associated with longer persistence, which may suggest they are more effective or cause fewer side effects."

Medicare • Reimbursement • Retrospective data • US reimbursement • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

Barriers to Antiseizure and Rescue Medications Access in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Regional Analysis Based on Epilepsy Specialists' insights (AES 2025) - "Rescue medications access varied: Rectal diazepam was more accessible in high-income countries (Group A: 80%) compared to Groups B (63.6%) and C (66.7%); however, nasal midazolam/diazepam remained scarce, with nearly 10% availability reported across all groups. Parenteral lorazepam was accessible to 80% of Group A providers but was markedly lower in Groups B and C (15.9%, 11.1%, respectively; p < 0.001)... This study reveals critical inequities in epilepsy care across the EMR, with low-resource settings disproportionately affected by limited access to rescue therapies and new ASMs. Paradoxically, high-cost IVIG, used for autoimmune epilepsy and other autoimmune disorders, demonstrated universal availability in most countries, suggesting that prioritization can overcome cost barriers. These findings underscore the need for a political commitment to integrate epilepsy care into universal health coverage frameworks across the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR)."

CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Immunology

Beyond Seizure Suppression: Effect of a miR-134 Antagonist (NMT.001) on Epilepsy-Related Comorbidities (AES 2025) - "Mice were stereotactically injected with KA or PBS, followed by lorazepam to abort status epilepticus. Beyond its established anti-seizure effects, NMT.001 demonstrated beneficial effects on behavioral and cognitive impairments in a mouse model of DRE. These results support miR-134 as a promising therapeutic target with the potential to modify both seizures and associated comorbidities. The findings underline the need to assess epilepsy therapeutics not only by seizure suppression but also by their capacity to address broader neurobehavioral dysfunction."

Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Depression • Epilepsy • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • MIR134

Long-Term Efficacy of Lacosamide in the Treatment of Early-Onset Epilepsy: A Case Series (AES 2025) - "All patients presented in SE that was unresponsive to standard first-line therapies including lorazepam, fosphenytoin, phenobarbital, and in some cases, oxcarbazepine or levetiracetam. This case series supports the safety and potential efficacy of lacosamide in managing early-onset epilepsy, particularly in infants presenting with refractory SE. The rapid resolution of seizures and the absence of cardiac conduction abnormalities, combined with favorable long-term outcomes, suggest that lacosamide may be a valuable addition to the early treatment algorithm for infantile epilepsy2. Further prospective studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings and to establish optimal dosing protocols in this vulnerable population."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

Factors associated with rapid treatment for status epilepticus: Data from the Quality Improvement in Time to Treat Status Epilepticus (QuiTT-SE) baseline cohort (AES 2025) - "The route of BZD was IV (63%), IN (29%) or other (e.g. oral, rectal, etc.; 7.5%), and 47% were treated with lorazepam (LZP) while 43% received midazolam (MDZ). Time to BZD was delayed in one quarter of all SE episodes treated across 8 centers during the baseline period, and nearly one eighth resulted in transfer to the ICU within 6 hours. Time to BZD was faster when t the front-line nurse made the decision to treat or if the patient had previously received rescue BZD. SE treated with IN MDZ was less likely to result in transfer to ICU care compared to IV LZP."

CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

Preoperative Aprepitant Decreases Postoperative Nausea After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. (PubMed, R I Med J (2013)) - "The addition of preoperative aprepitant to a multimodal protocol can reduce nausea after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy."

Journal • Retrospective data • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Treating status epilepticus in clinical practice-a multi-national survey in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. (PubMed, Front Neurol) - "Propofol in combination with sufentanil/fentanyl was the preferred anesthetic of choice in 65.4% of respondents...1) First-line therapy: Lorazepam (71.6% in-hospital), midazolam (50% prehospital), 2) Second-line therapy: Levetiracetam (35.4%) and lacosamide (13.4%) were the most common choices, 3) Refractory SE: Propofol with opioids (65.4%) were preferred for anesthesia, 4) Prehospital care: 31.8% of emergency services lacked standardized protocols; midazolam dosing varied widely (2-10 mg)...This survey highlights the variability in clinical practice for managing status epilepticus in German-speaking countries. Persistent heterogeneity in SE management underscores the need for standardized protocols, particularly in prehospital care and refractory SE therapy."

Journal • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy