Quadramet (samarium 153 lexidronam) / Jazz - LARVOL DELTA

Implementing targeted radioligand therapy to improve overall survival in metastatic prostate cancer patients (ONS 2024) - "Significance/Background: Pluvicto is a new treatment for mCRPC (metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer)...Our policy and workflow are informed by our prior experience administering similar radiopharmaceuticals: Xofigo and Quadramet...There are other radioligands under development as well as research investigating expanding the role of current radioligands. In the future, we will see more frequent use of radioligands, therefore, providing ongoing staff in-services and education are crucial to further optimize our nursing care and delivery of these treatments."

Clinical • Metastases • Genito-urinary Cancer • Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer • Oncology • Prostate Cancer • Solid Tumor

Phase I evaluation of CycloSam (Sm-153-DOTMP) bone seeking radiopharmaceutical in dogs with spontaneous appendicular osteosarcoma. (PubMed, Vet Radiol Ultrasound) - "DOTMP (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethylene-phosphonate) is a macrocyclic chelating agent with superior binding properties to Sm when compared with EDTMP (Quadramet™, used for palliative treatment of bone cancer)...Carboplatin chemotherapy (300 mg/m2 IV every 3 weeks ×4) started 4 weeks after Sm-DOTMP injection...All dogs completed study monitoring. The recommended dose for CycloSam in dogs is 1.75 mCi/kg, which resulted in some pain control with minimal toxicity and was safely combined with chemotherapy."

Journal • P1 data • Neutropenia • Osteosarcoma • Pain • Palliative care • Sarcoma • Solid Tumor • Thrombocytopenia

Evaluation of radionuclide impurities in several radiopharmaceuticals (PubMed, Nuklearmedizin) - "The limit values for unrestricted release are exceeded manyfold in the case of the identified concomitant nuclides. As a result, alternative release procedures (extension of the decay time, specific release, release in the individual case) or transfer to collection facilities must be considered. Technical methods for reducing or preventing impurities could also be a possible solution. Consequences for patient radiation exposure were able to be ruled out."

Journal

The radio-europium impurities in [153Sm]-EDTMP production: a review of isolation methods. (PubMed, Nucl Med Commun) - "Samarium-153 [153Sm]Sm-Ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP) is an FDA and European Medicine Agency approved (Quadramet) radionuclide and is widely used for bone pain palliation...The effective removal of these impurities is thus highly desirable before its administration to the patients. In this article, we present a detailed review of the various methods described in the literature for separation of 153Sm and Eu, that is solvent extraction, ion-exchange chromatography, electrochromatography, electrochemical separation and supported ionic liquid phase."

Journal • Review • Musculoskeletal Pain • Oncology • Pain • Solid Tumor

Integrating bone targeting radiopharmaceuticals into the management of patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer with symptomatic bone metastases. (PubMed) - "Formal recommendations regarding combination therapies will require clinical trials. The use of Alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals in castrate-sensitive disease, in metastatic asymptomatic CRPC, the categorical sequencing amongst other treatments for CRPC, as well as the application to other primary pathologies, such as metastatic breast cancer, is currently evolving."

Journal • Biosimilar • Oncology • Pain • Prostate Cancer • Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Recyclable Single-Component Rare-Earth Metal Catalysts for Cycloaddition of CO2 and Epoxides at Atmospheric Pressure. (PubMed) - Inorg Chem - "More importantly, the readily available samarium complex 2 was reused for six successive cycles without any significant loss in its catalytic activity. This is the first recyclable rare-earth metal-based catalyst in cyclic carbonate synthesis."

Journal • Biosimilar

Multi-objective optimization of chromatographic rare earth element separation. (PubMed) - "This was carried out in the frame of a model based optimization study on a batch chromatography separation of the rare earth elements samarium, europium and gadolinium. The findings from the multi-objective optimization were used to provide with a general strategy for achieving desirable operation points, resulting in a productivity ranging between 0.61 and 0.75kgEu/mcolumn(3), h(-1) and a pool concentration between 0.52 and 0.79kgEu/m(3), while maintaining a purity above 99% and never falling below an 80% yield for the main target component europium."

Journal • Biosimilar

Simultaneous determination of free and total prostate-specific antigen by a magnetic particle-based time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. (PubMed) - J Clin Lab Anal - "This simultaneous determination method containing a fast and sensitive approach can be put into an important position to screening large quantities of specimen, and be commonly applied to the clinical determination of fPSA and tPSA in human serum."

Journal • Biosimilar

Enantioselective cyclizations and cyclization cascades of samarium ketyl radicals. (PubMed, Nat Chem) - "A computational study has been used to probe the origin of the enantioselectivity. Our studies suggest that many processes that rely on SmI2 can be rendered enantioselective by the design of suitable ligands."

Journal • Biosimilar

The Use of Ureates as Activators for Samarium Diiodide. (PubMed) - J Org Chem - "Visible spectroscopy and reactivity data are consistent with the hypothesis that the same complex is being formed when SmI2 is combined with either two or four equivalents of TEU-, in spite of the greater reactivity of SmI2/4 TEU- with some alkyl halides. We propose that the active reductant is an N,O chelate formed between SmI2 and two equivalents of TEU-."

Journal • Biosimilar

Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles Using Samarium(II) Iodide. (PubMed, Molecules) - "Applications to the synthesis of natural products have highlighted the generality of processes and the intermediates accessible with SmI₂. In this review, recent advances involving the synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles using SmI₂ are summarized, with a major focus on reductive coupling reactions that enable one-step construction of nitrogen-containing motifs in a highly efficient manner, while taking advantage of the spectacular selectivity of the venerable Kagan's reagent."

Journal • Review • Biosimilar

Sonocatalytic degradation of Acid Blue 92 using sonochemically prepared samarium doped zinc oxide nanostructures. (PubMed) - Ultrason Sonochem - "Degradation intermediates were recognized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Using nonlinear regression analysis, an empirical kinetic model was developed to estimate the pseudo-first-order constants (kapp) as a function of the main operational parameters, including the initial dye concentration, sonocatalyst dosage, and ultrasonic power."

Journal • Biosimilar

The electron shuffle: Cerium influences samarium 4f orbital occupancy in heteronuclear Ce-Sm oxide clusters. (PubMed) - J Chem Phys - "The relative intensity of two electronic bands in the PE spectrum of Sm2O(-) exhibits an unusual photon energy-dependence, and the PE spectrum of Sm2O2(-) exhibits a photon energy-dependent continuum signal between two electronic transitions. Several explanations, including the high magnetic moment of these suboxide species and the presence of low-lying quasi-bound anion states, are considered."

Journal • Biosimilar

SmCpR2-mediated coupling of allyl and propargyl ethers with ketoesters and a one-pot approach to complex cycloheptanols (ACS-Fall 2017) - "The most popular samarium(II) reagent is samarium(II) diiodide (SmI2) which was introduced to a broader synthetic audience by Kagan in 1977...Crucially, SmI2 gave unsatisfactory results in the transformation. The process has been exploited in a telescoped approach to complex cycloheptanols 5 in which two Sm(II) reagents act in turn on the simple starting materials."

Biosimilar

Development of bone seeker radiopharmaceuticals by Scandium-47 and estimation of human absorbed dose. (PubMed, Appl Radiat Isot) - "The biokinetics of the bone seeking of labeled ligands with Scandium-47 were assessed by measuring the skeletal absorbed dose and then the mice data extrapolated to human absorbed dose and compared with the (186/188)Rhenium-HEDP, (153)Samarium-EDTMP dosimetry data estimated by other researchers. Because the availability of (47)Sc was limited we performed some preliminary studies using (46)Sc."

Journal • Biosimilar

Primitive Solar System materials and Earth share a common initial (142)Nd abundance. (PubMed) - Nature - "Our finding supports a chondritic Sm/Nd ratio for the bulk silicate Earth and, as a consequence, chondritic abundances for other refractory elements. It also removes the need for a hidden reservoir or for collisional erosion scenarios to explain the (142)Nd/(144)Nd composition of Earth."

Journal • Biosimilar

Optical analysis of samarium doped sodium bismuth silicate glass. (PubMed) - Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc - "spectroscopic quality factor, optical gain, stimulated emission cross section and quantum efficiency, which are required for a high performance optical amplifier. Calculated chromaticity co-ordinates (0.61, 0.38) also confirm its application potential in display devices."

Journal • Biosimilar

SU-C-201-06: Utility of Quantitative 3D SPECT/CT Imaging in Patient Specific Internal Dosimetry of 153-Samarium with GATE Monte Carlo Package. (PubMed) - "We presented the utility of SPECT-CT images and Monte Carlo for patient-specific dosimetry as a reliable and accurate method. It has several advantages over template-based methods or simplified dose estimation methods. With advent of high speed computers, Monte Carlo can be used for treatment planning on a day to day basis."

Journal • Biosimilar • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Principles, modalities and indications of the administration of Radium in cancers, focus on metastatic prostate cancer: State of arts (PubMed, Bull Cancer) - "This tropism provided the rationale to develop bone targeting radiopharmaceutical agents, such as strontium, samarium and more recently the Radium-223, an alpha-emitter. Despite an approval by both FDA and EMA, prescription of this agent remains limited by the lack of refund, especially in France. Radium-223 is currently evaluated in several clinical trials (combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or hormone therapy) in order to optimize the therapeutic sequences in metastatic bone prostate cancer and argues for being incorporated into the current therapeutic arsenal."

Journal • Review • Biosimilar • Pain • Prostate Cancer