Veltassa (patiromer) / CSL Behring - LARVOL DELTA

Evolving Pharmacological Management of Hyperkalemia: Insights for Nephrology Clinicians. (PubMed, Nephrol Nurs J) - "Oral potassium binders like sodium polystyrene sulfonate, patiromer, and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate play an important role in managing hyperkalemia. Nephrology nurses play a critical role in recognizing hyperkalemia, optimizing pharmacologic therapy, providing comprehensive patient education regarding management of hyperkalemia, and monitoring for side effects like gastrointestinal issues, hypomagnesemia, or edema. By mastering these pharmacological strategies and nursing considerations, clinicians ensure patient safety and the continued use of essential cardiorenal protective therapies."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Following the Hyperkalemia Trail: A Case Report of ECG Changes and Treatment Responses. (PubMed, Fed Pract) - "The patient received calcium gluconate, albuterol, insulin, patiromer, and hemodialysis. However, fluctuating potassium levels required ongoing interventions. This case underscores the importance of serial monitoring and dynamic treatment strategies in managing hyperkalemia, highlighting the critical role of ECG in guiding care."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Endocrine Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Short-Term Serious Intestinal Injury After Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate versus Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate: A Propensity-Matched TriNetX Study (ACG 2026) - "Propensity-score matching used 5-year pre-index covariates: age, sex, race/ethnicity; chronic/end-stage kidney disease, dialysis, acute kidney injury, creatinine; diabetes, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, malignancy; sepsis, shock/hypotension, ED/ICU encounters; bowel obstruction/ileus, constipation; renin-angiotensin inhibitors, diuretics, opioids, NSAIDs, aspirin/antiplatelets, and corticosteroids...Patiromer was not associated with increased 30-day injury versus SPS (RR 0.943, 95% CI 0.746-1.193; HR 0.936, 95% CI 0.739-1.184)... After matching and exclusion of prior outcome events, the 30-day analysis included 163,951 SZC users and 164,737 SPS users. Serious intestinal injury occurred in 795 versus 680 users. SZC was associated with higher 30-day injury risk (RR 1.175, 95% CI 1.061-1.301; HR 1.203, 95% CI 1.086-1.333)."

Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Conjunctivitis • Constipation • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Heart Failure • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Peripheral Arterial Disease • Renal Disease • Septic Shock

Optimizing hyperkalemia management in CKD: real-world nephrologist strategies and impact on patient outcomes. (PubMed, J Nephrol) - "Integrating potassium binders into CKD therapeutic strategies may improve hyperkalemia management and allow sustained RAASi/MRA use. Recurrence remains significant, impacting renal function, although causality is unclear. The mortality difference requires further study."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

The Unfulfilled Promise of Potassium Binding in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. (PubMed, J Am Coll Cardiol) - No abstract available

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Letter to the Editor: Enhancing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors utilization through patiromer adherence - real-world insights for nephrology practice. (PubMed, World J Nephrol) - "This letter synthesizes a retrospective cohort of 13447 patiromer users, where approximately 25% high adherers [proportion of days covered (PDC) ≥ 80%] showed approximately 10% greater RAASi utilization (days' supply and PDC) across angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists vs lower adherers. Findings echo OPAL-HK, reinforce Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2021 binder prioritization, and urge adherence strategies to sustain guideline therapy, cut hospitalizations, and integrate with SGLT2i/finerenone."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Efficacy of Patiromer in Treatment of Long Inter-Dialytic Interval Hyperkalemia in Potassium-Rich Diet Populations Undergoing Intermittent Hemodialysis. (PubMed, Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis) - "The treatment was well tolerated, with no drop outs reported due to side effects. Patiromer demonstrated sustained efficacy and excellent tolerance in preventing hyperkalemia after the LIDI in our potassium rich diet population undergoing Intermittent Hemodialysis."

Journal

Navigating the potassium dilemma: a qualitative study of nephrologists' strategies for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor preservation and hyperkalaemia management in Spain. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Nephrologists in Spain prioritised preservation of RAASi therapy when managing hyperkalaemia in predialysis CKD. Although newer potassium binders supported this objective, their use was limited by access and care coordination challenges. Streamlined access pathways, improved multidisciplinary communication, and routine HRQoL assessments may enable more patient-centred and guideline-concordant care. These implications reflect qualitative clinician perspectives rather than evidence of clinical or economic effectiveness."

Journal • Chronic Kidney Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Pharmacovigilance assessment of gout: a real-world study using the FAERS database. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "These include Lenalidomide, Sacubitril valsartan, Ruxolitinib, Treprostinil, Octreotide, Selexipag, Rosuvastatin, Sitagliptin, Riociguat, Epoprostenol, Patiromer, Dasabuvir ombitasvir paritaprevir ritonavir, Tafamidis, Sparsentan, and Iloprost. These findings suggest the potential for targeted monitoring of drug-associated gout in clinical practice. When administering these medications, it may be crucial to regularly assess patients' uric acid levels and maintain heightened awareness for the possible onset of gout."

Adverse events • Journal • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • Gout • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hypertension • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology

Management of hyperkalaemia in the Italian clinical practice: impact of diverse potassium binders on outcomes and costs in patients with chronic kidney disease and heart failure. (PubMed, Int Urol Nephrol) - "These findings suggest a patiromer potential role for sustained potassium binder therapy in supporting RAASi optimization and improving clinical management in routine practice, but confirmation through direct comparative prospective randomized trials is needed."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Real-world effectiveness of patiromer among hemodialysis patients: a one-year retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, BMC Nephrol) - "In this large real-world cohort, lower serum potassium levels were observed following patiromer initiation over 12 months, along with stable electrolyte profiles and a low need for dose adjustments. Reductions in hospitalization rates were also observed over time but should be interpreted cautiously given the single-arm, retrospective design without a control group. These findings support the clinical utility of patiromer for chronic hyperkalemia management in HD patients."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Chronic Kidney Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Comparative Effectiveness of Potassium Binders in Hemodialysis Patients: Patiromer vs Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate and Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate (ERA 2026) - No abstract available

Clinical • HEOR • Renal Disease

Comparative Analysis of Randomized versus Real World Populations in Heart Failure: DIAMOND Trial versus CARE-HK Registry. (PubMed, ESC Heart Fail) - P, P3 | "This study underscores the value of real-world evidence in complementing RCTs by offering insights into population diversity, comorbidity burden and prescription behaviours, and highlights the need for more pragmatic and inclusive trials in HF."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Hyperkalemia and its treatment: real-world evidence and managed care considerations supporting use of potassium binders. (PubMed, Am J Manag Care) - "Potassium binders are a pharmaceutical class indicated to treat hyperkalemia; sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), patiromer, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) are guideline-recommended for patients with CKD, and the first 2 are considered potentially reasonable for patients with HF. Based on real-world evidence, use of SZC or patiromer has been associated with reduced medical costs and health care resource utilization, and some patients taking SZC or patiromer have been able to optimize doses of RAASi prescribed for other conditions. From a managed care perspective, proactive potassium control through routine use of potassium binders in patients with hyperkalemia may offer a means to reduce costly acute care while simultaneously supporting optimization of medications for comorbid conditions."

HEOR • Journal • Real-world evidence • Review • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Patiromer-Induced Hypercalcemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Rare Adverse Effect (NKF-SCM 2026) - "Monitoring serum calcium during initiation, dose adjustments, and in advanced CKD is advisable. Unexplained hypercalcemia should prompt reassessment of patiromer use, as discontinuation typically leads to rapid resolution."

Adverse events • Chronic Kidney Disease • Endocrine Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Hyperkalemia management in heart failure and chronic kidney disease: a Spanish cost-effectiveness analysis of patiromer informed by the integrated DIAMOND trial and real-world evidence. (PubMed, BMC Health Serv Res) - No abstract available

HEOR • Journal • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Hospitalization and Emergency Department Costs in Patiromer and Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate Users. (PubMed, Kidney360) - "Total event and medication costs were $44,245 in the patiromer cohort and $52,153 in the sodium zirconium cyclosilicate cohort. The $7,908 difference represents a 15% (95% CI 10% to 20%) cost savings associated with patiromer from all events, including medication costs and adjusted for inflation."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Patiromer for Patients with Heart Failure at Risk of Hyperkalemia: CARE-HK in HF Registry. (PubMed, J Card Fail) - P | "In contemporary clinical practice, patiromer was associated with reducing sK+ but rates of RASi/MRA optimization remain low. Overcoming clinical inertia, including the addition of patiromer when appropriate, is required to optimize RASi/MRA therapy in patients with HF at high risk of HK."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Long-term patiromer adherence and renin-angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitor utilization: A retrospective study. (PubMed, World J Nephrol) - "This study provides evidence that patients adherent with patiromer use more RAASi than lower-adherence patients. Prior studies show RAASi use reduces mortality risk and kidney disease progression."

Journal • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Nephrology • Renal Disease

EFFECT OF PATIROMER ON SERUM POTASSIUM AND HOSPITALIZATION OUTCOMES IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT ANALYSIS (ISN-WCN 2026) - "MA is employee Fresenius Medical Care. LF, HJA, and MA have ownership interest in Fresenius Medical Care.I did not use generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process."

Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Renal Disease

Current primary care management of patients with hyperkalemia in Germany - Findings on monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of elevated potassium levels (PubMed, Dtsch Med Wochenschr) - "Only 10.9% (n=76) of them were treated with potassium binders, and only 15.8% (n=12) of them received modern agents such as sodium zirconium cyclosilicate or patiromer.The management of hyperkalemia in high-risk patients in German primary care should be significantly improved through more frequent potassium monitoring and guideline-directed use of potassium binders to enhance patient outcomes. Furthermore, exploring the reasons behind the cautious use of medication to treat hyperkalemia may provide valuable insights."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

ROLE OF NOVEL POTASSIUM BINDERS ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF GUIDELINE-DIRECTED MEDICAL THERAPY (GDMT) IN CHF PATIENTS (ACC 2026) - "Novel potassium binders (NPB), including patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), have emerged as strategies to enable continued and optimized RAASi therapy. Our findings suggest that NPBs enable GDMT optimization, with minimal side effects. To better understand the efficacy and safety, a large-scale trial is warranted."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Hypotension • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Optimizing Hyperkalaemia Management in Haemodialysis: The Role of Potassium Binders and Dietetic Involvement (UKKW 2026) - "NICE guidelines recommend dietary advice in conjunction with pharmacological treatment, with patiromer or sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) permitted in the UK only when persistent hyperkalaemia is confirmed at potassium ≥6.0 mmol/l. Potassium binders effectively reduced serum potassium, yet sustained control was achieved in only 59% of patients after six months, reflecting challenges with adherence, monitoring, prescription continuity, or binder efficacy. Dietitian involvement was associated with marked early improvements, reinforcing the importance of dietary support. However, the rebound in potassium highlights the need for structured follow-up, repeated reinforcement, and consideration of patient health literacy to support long-term behaviour change."

Chronic Kidney Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Efficacy and Tolerability of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate or Patiromer in Managing Hyperkalemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, Kidney360) - "Both SZC and patiromer effectively lower serum potassium and provide clinical benefits, with distinct safety considerations. Therapy selection should be guided by treatment goals and the patient's individual risk profile."

Journal • Retrospective data • Constipation • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Real-world use of patiromer in patients with hyperkalaemia: A retrospective study from the Valencian Community. (PubMed, Nefrologia (Engl Ed)) - "Our study provides real-world evidence on the effectiveness, safety, and RAASi/MRA maintenance potential of patiromer in patients with CKD and hyperkalaemia under routine care. In this setting, patiromer proved effective and well tolerated for managing hyperkalaemia and preserving RAASi/MRA therapy."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Nephrology • Renal Disease