calcipotriol / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Obesity alters inflammatory responses in S. aureus-induced atopic dermatitis (ISDS 2025) - "Studies conducted in the MC903 mouse model of AD have linked obesity with increased predominance of interleukin 17A (IL17A)-mediated inflammation and resistance to IL4 and IL13-targeted treatment...Data collection is still ongoing, but our results thus far suggest that the relationship between obesity and AD could be context dependent. Future experiments will examine the effect of diet-induced obesity on cytokine and antimicrobial peptide expression in the skin of S. aureus-sensitized mice, as well as on the relative efficacy of IL4/IL13, IL9, and IL17A-targeted immunotherapy."

IO biomarker • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Obesity • IL13 • IL17A • IL4 • IL9

APOE in fibroblasts orchestrates niche-specific responses in inflammatory skin diseases (ISDS 2025) - "In mouse models, fibroblast-specific deletion of APOE attenuated skin inflammation in both imiquimod-induced psoriasis and MC903-induced AD, whereas fibroblast-specific overexpression of APOE exacerbated disease phenotypes, collectively establishing the pro-inflammatory role of fibroblast-derived APOE in inflammatory skin conditions. Notably, JAK inhibition substantially ameliorated the exacerbated skin inflammation in mice with fibroblast-specific APOE overexpression, thereby providing a mechanistic basis for the clinical efficacy of JAK inhibitors and nominating APOE itself as a novel therapeutic target for inflammatory skin diseases. Overall, our findings establish APOE as a master metabolic regulator within pathogenic fibroblasts, driving inflammation through conserved lipid rewiring mechanisms across distinct disorders, and reveal targeting APOE-mediated signaling as a promising translational strategy for diverse inflammatory skin diseases."

Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Psoriasis • APOE • CXCL1 • CXCL12 • JAK1 • STAT6

Efficacy and Safety of a Topical inflammasome inhibitor targeting GPCR19 Agonist in Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: Results from Phase 2 Studies (ISDS 2025) - "Preclinical study demonstrated TDCA's dual-phase modulation: suppression of both priming inflammasome via cAMP–PKA–NF-κB pathway and activation phase of inflammasome via P2X7R–NLRP3 axis, ameliorating AD pathology induced by DNCB, Oxazolone or MC903 in mice model...Safety profiles were favorable, with no serious adverse events. These findings validate an inflammasome inhibitor targeting GPCR19 as a therapeutic for mild-to-moderate AD and support advancing 1% and 2% NuGel into Phase 2b Part 2, highlighting its potential as a novel, efficacious and well-tolerated topical therapy for mild-to-moderate AD."

Clinical • P2 data • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Pruritus • NLRP3

Sappanone A Exerted Strong Anti-Inflammatory Effects in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis Through IL-21R-Mediated JAK1/STAT3 Pathway. (PubMed, Phytother Res) - "In vivo, mice were treated with SA following the induction of AD-like symptoms with MC903 and assessed for inflammatory parameters...SA exerted a strong anti-inflammatory role in treating AD by inhibiting the activation of the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway mediated by IL-21R. This research not only supports the potential of SA as a novel agent for treating AD, but also offers methods for studying compounds derived from natural herbs in AD therapy."

Journal • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • IL13 • IL4 • JAK1 • TNFA

A murine model of prurigo nodularis-like skin lesions induced by persistent scratching under type 2 inflammatory conditions. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "The modeling protocol consisted of daily MC903 treatment plus 100 cell scraper scratches for the first 14 days, followed by alternate-day MC903 with continued daily scratching for the subsequent 14 days, with bandaging applied to prevent spontaneous scratching...Immunological characterization revealed a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17/Th22 profile with a skewing toward Th17/Th22 polarization. This optimized model faithfully recapitulates the key clinicopathological features of PN patients, providing a robust preclinical platform for investigating disease mechanisms and evaluating potential therapeutics."

Journal • Preclinical • Dermatology • Fibrosis • Immunology • Inflammation • Prurigo Nodularis • Pruritus

CS2015 A TSLP/OX40L Bispecific Antibody As A Potential Novel Therapeutic Agent For Type2 Inflammation Diseases (ACAAI 2025) - "In the MC903-induced atopic dermatitis model (OX40/OX40L and TSLP/TSLPR humanized mice), treatment with K19YTE and K19LS reduced skin lesion severity, including ear and epidermal thickening. K19YTE and K19LS exhibited favorable PK profile in mice and cynomolgus monkeys, further supporting the development of a subcutaneous injection formulation with extended dosing intervals. Conclusion CS2015, a novel TSLP/OX40L bispecific antibody, represents a potential best-in-class therapeutic candidate for Type2 inflammatory diseases."

IO biomarker • Asthma • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Inflammation • Respiratory Diseases • CD4 • CRLF2 • IL4 • TNFSF4 • TSLP

Vitexin alleviates atopic dermatitis-associated itch via TRPV4 inhibition in sensory neurons and MRGPRX2/MrgprB2 blockade in mast cells. (PubMed, Int Immunopharmacol) - "In an MC903-induced murine model of AD, VTX reduced scratching behavior, mast cell activation, and transcriptional upregulation of Trpv4 and MrgprB2. Notably, antipruritic effects were enhanced in Trpv4-deficient mice, indicating the contribution of MRGPRX2/MrgprB2 suppression. These findings identify VTX as a promising antipruritic candidate for AD-associated pruritus, and mechanistic insights provide a rationale for further exploration of VTX in advanced AD models and eventual translation to clinical therapies."

Journal • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Pruritus • TRPV4

Benvitimod ameliorates MC903-induced mouse atopic dermatitis-like lesions and regulates skin barrier proteins (ISAD-RAJKA 2025) - "Benvitimod treatment reduced mast cell and T cells and regulated keratinocyte differentiation and skin barrier pathways. Benvitimod downregulated Th2 cells while upregulating Treg cells in AD lesions of mice."

Preclinical • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Psoriasis

Keratinocyte-Specific Progranulin Deficiency in Psoriasiform or AD Inflammation (ISAD-RAJKA 2025) - "PsO- and AD-like skin inflammation was induced by daily topical application of imiquimod (IMQ), DNFB, or MC903 (vitamin D3 analog) to the shaved dorsal skin for 5 to 13 consecutive days. These findings suggest that targeting keratinocyte-derived PGRN could offer a novel therapeutic approach for psoriasis and related immune diseases. For AD, combining with diet modulation should be further explored."

Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Psoriasis • IL1B • IL6 • TNFA

Voluntary Exercise Modulates the Gut Microbiota and Improves Skin Inflammation in a Mouse Model (ISAD-RAJKA 2025) - "AD-like inflammation was induced in mice through topical application of the vitamin D3 analog MC903The mice were subjected to voluntary wheel running for four weeks...This study shows that voluntary exercise provides lasting protection against AD by modulating the gut microbiota, likely through immune-mediated mechanisms. Our findings support exercise as a non-pharmacologic intervention for AD and highlight the therapeutic potential of microbiota-targeted strategies."

Gut Microbiota • Preclinical • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • CD4

EGFR-mediated Autophagy by Betacellulin Improves AD Pathogenesis (ISAD-RAJKA 2025) - "In vivo, MC903-induced AD-like mice were treated with mouse BTC, and ear thickness, scratching, TEWL, S. aureus load, histology and gene expression of barrier-related proteins and Th2 cytokines were evaluated in the absence or presence of EGFR inhibition or keratinocyte autophagy-deficient mice...BTC improves AD symptoms by activating EGFR-JNK/ERK-dependent autophagy, suppressing inflammation, enhancing skin barrier function, and reducing S. aureus invasion. BTC represents a promising therapeutic candidate for AD, with significant potential for clinical translation."

Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • BTC • CLDN1 • EGFR • IL13 • IL33 • IL4 • TJP1 • TSLP

Topical Sulforaphane Ameliorates AD by Enhancing Keratinocyte Barrier Function (ISAD-RAJKA 2025) - "In vivo: A murine model of AD was induced by MC903, and mice were treated topically with 1% SFN for 14 days...SFN alleviates AD by directly enhancing keratinocyte barrier function through upregulation of tight junction-associated genes and proteins. These findings support the potential of SFN as a topical therapeutic agent for AD."

Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • CLDN1 • IL4 • OCLN • TJP1

Yin-Hua Li-Shi Decoction Alleviated Atopic Dermatitis Through Regulating Th Cells Balance and Restoring Epithelial Barrier. (PubMed, J Inflamm Res) - "In vivo, AD mice model was induced by daily topical MC903 application on mice ears for 15 days...YLD alleviated AD by regulating the adaptive immune response through modulation of T cell differentiation and cytokine production, and by restoring skin barrier function. The study revealed the therapeutic mechanism of YLD and provided experimental evidence supporting its application in AD treatment."

Journal • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • CD4 • IL4 • TNFA • TSLP

Basophils in Skin-Mediated Sensitization Drive Subsequent Lung Inflammation in Airway-Challenged Mice. (PubMed, Allergy) - "We find that basophils promote IgE formation and lung sensitization to skin-encountered allergens and drive secondary allergen-induced lung inflammation. We separate the role of basophils in sensitization from their effector function during anaphylaxis or lung inflammation relevant to envision novel strategies to prevent the development of allergic comorbidities."

Journal • Preclinical • Allergy • Asthma • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Eosinophilia • Immunology • Inflammation • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • IL13 • IL4 • TSLP

Cuproptosis Facilitates Chronic Skin Inflammation by Regulating the α-Ketoglutarate/H3K4me3/Ferritin Heavy Chain 1 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Ferroptosis. (PubMed, MedComm (2020)) - "Functional validation using disease models showed that pharmacologically inhibiting cuproptosis with the copper chelator tetrathiomolybdate (TTM), or genetically knocking down the copper importer SLC31A1, effectively alleviated chronic skin inflammation and hallmark pathological changes induced by imiquimod (IMQ) or calcipotriol (MC903). Activated KDM5B specifically demethylates H3K4me3 marks at the promoter of the ferroptosis regulator ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), suppressing its transcription and consequently sensitizing keratinocytes to ferroptotic cell death, thereby amplifying inflammatory tissue damage. Our findings establish a fundamental pathogenic SLC31A1/KDM5B/FTH1 molecular axis linking dysregulated copper metabolism and cuproptosis to ferroptosis execution in psoriasis and AD, providing significant mechanistic insights and pinpointing promising therapeutic targets for these refractory skin disorders."

Journal • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Psoriasis • KDM5B • SLC31A1

Late Breaking Abstract - Bispecific antibody targeting IL13 and TSLP for treatment of respiratory diseases (ERS 2025) - "These antibodies showed significantly better activity than Tezepelumab in TSLPR/STAT5 reporter and BaF3 proliferation assays...Furthermore, in an OVA+MC903-induced inflammation model using hTSLP/hTSLPR transgenic mice, HXN-1012 outperformed Lunsekimig in reducing skin inflammation and alleviating lung inflammation by lowering BALF cell counts, eosinophils, IgE, and CCL17 levels. HXN-1012 simultaneously inhibits TSLP and IL13, with each arm exhibiting activity comparable to the parent antibodies. HXN-1012 holds strong potential to improve clinical efficacy in the treatment of asthma, COPD and related respiratory diseases."

Late-breaking abstract • Asthma • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Dermatitis • Immunology • Inflammation • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • CRLF2 • IL13 • IL7R • STAT5 • STAT5AWqe • TSLP

Testing the Efficacy of Topical Calcipotriene Plus 5-Fluorouracil Combination to Activate the Immune System Against Precancerous Skin Lesions in Organ Transplant Recipients (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=56 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: University of Arizona | Recruiting ➔ Active, not recruiting

Enrollment closed • Actinic Keratosis • Dermatology • Genetic Disorders • Oncology • Skin Cancer • Transplantation

Obesity Impairs Skin Barrier Function and Facilitates Allergic Sensitization in Mice. (PubMed, Allergy) - "In order to induce dermatitis or food allergy, we epicutaneously applied MC903 or ovalbumin, respectively...The Th17-skewed immune environment in obese animals may also amplify inflammatory responses to allergens and act as a feed-forward loop to further disintegrate the skin barrier. This study highlights how obesity-induced skin barrier dysfunction contributes to allergic conditions like atopic dermatitis and may be therapeutically targeted by barrier restoration."

Journal • Preclinical • Allergy • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Food Hypersensitivity • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Obesity

Molybdenum nanoparticles alleviate MC903-induce atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in ten mice by amendment the ROS-through NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways‏ (EADV 2025) - "Because Mo NPs have the potential to simultaneously address three key pathways in the pathophysiology of AD, they offer a potentially alternative therapeutic option for AD patients."

Preclinical • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Pruritus • HMOX1 • IFNG • TNFA • TSLP

Briquilimab, an Anti-Human CD117 Antibody, Treats Low-Calcemic Vitamin D3 Analog MC903-Induced Dermatitis in Mouse Model Expressing Chimeric Human/Mouse CD117 [WITHDRAWN] (EADV 2025) - No abstract available

Preclinical • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • KIT

AI-Guided Design and Development of HXN-1011: A Potent Anti-TSLP Biparatopic Antibody (EADV 2025) - "Furthermore, in an OVA-induced asthma model using hTSLP/hTSLPR transgenic mice, HXN- 1011 effectively reduced lung inflammation, as evidenced by decreased BALF cell counts, eosinophil levels, and CCL17 expression, outperforming both Tezepelumab and GSK5784283. Furthermore, in an MC903+OVA-induced skin and lung inflammation model, HXN-1011 demonstrated superior efficacy across all tested parameters including reductions in epidermal hyperplasia, immune cell infiltration and lung inflammation... HXN-1011 is a next-generation biparatopic antibody exhibiting exceptional potency and holding significant potential to enhance clinical efficacy in the treatment of TSLP-driven inflammatory diseases, including atopic dermatitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other related indications. Preclinical studies and IND-enabling research for HXN-1011 are currently underway."

Asthma • Atopic Dermatitis • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • CRLF2 • IL7R • STAT5 • STAT5AWqe • TSLP

Dual Inhibition of IL-4Rα and IL-31 by BBT001: A Novel Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody for Enhanced Atopic Dermatitis Therapy (EADV 2025) - "In OXA- and MC903-induced AD models, BBT001 outperformed dupilumab analog monotherapy in reducing ear thickness. These preclinical findings highlight BBT001's potential to deliver enhanced therapeutic benefit in AD patients by simultaneously targeting inflammatory and pruritic pathways. Its engineered Fc region enables reduced effector function and extended half-life, potentially supporting more convenient dosing. A first-in-human clinical trial is currently underway to evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK and exploratory clinical activity of BBT001 in healthy volunteers and AD patients."

Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Pruritus • IL13 • IL31RA • IL4 • OSMR • STAT6

Activation of LIGHT/HVEM Signaling in CD4+ T cells Redounds to Aggregation of Atopic Dermatitis (EADV 2025) - "LIGHT/HVEM activation aggravated MC903-induced AD-like dermatitis and enhanced Th2-mediated immune response... Our study revealed that LIGHT/HVEM signaling in CD4+ T cells could exacerbate AD by promoting the proliferation, differentiation and cytokine production of Th2 cells and thus enhancing type 2 immune response. It may a potential target for the therapy of AD."

Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • CD4

Potent and Selective Oral STAT6 Degrader, KT-621, Inhibits IL-4 and IL-13 Functions in Human Cells and Blocks Th2 Inflammation In Vivo in Multiple Preclinical Models of Th2 Diseases (EADV 2025) - "We compared the efficacy of KT-621 to dupilumab in vivo in an MC903 induced atopic dermatitis model and a HDM induced asthma model in the IL-4/IL-4RA humanized mice with a prophylactic regimen. STAT6 degradation is a potential novel oral approach for blocking the IL-4/IL-13 pathways. These data demonstrate the potential of KT-621, the first STAT6-targeted medicine in clinical development, for the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other allergic diseases with best-in-pathway potential given its biologics-like activity profile and oral bioavailability."

Preclinical • Asthma • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Inflammation • Respiratory Diseases • Targeted Protein Degradation • IL13 • IL4 • IL4R • STAT6

Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 alleviates atopic dermatitis-like symptoms (EADV 2025) - "This study investigated the therapeutic effects of PF-06840003 (PF), a selective inhibitor for IDO1, in AD models...In vivo, an MC903-induced AD-like mice were administered with PF (5 ~ 15 mg/kg) or vehicle... PF exhibited potent anti-inflammatory and skin barrier-protective effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of AD, suggesting that IDO1 inhibition and regulation of tryptophan metabolism as a promising therapeutic strategy for skin inflammation such as AD."

IO biomarker • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • CCL2 • CCL3 • CLDN1 • CXCL8 • IDO1 • IL13 • IL1A • IL4 • IL6 • TJP1