nCoV-2019 therapy / SRI International - LARVOL DELTA

Sexual Minority Adolescents and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Examining School and Coping Factors to Promote Well-being. (PubMed, J Adolesc Health) - "While sexual minority adolescents reported poorer pandemic mental health than heterosexual adolescents, several coping behaviors, and in-person schooling promoted well-being, with in-person schooling offering particular benefits. These findings suggest that supportive school environments can buffer the compounding stressors faced by sexual minority adolescents during crises. Clinicians caring for sexual minority adolescents should consider recommending coping strategies (e.g., breaks from the news, meditation, exercise, sleep) in times of increased stress."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Neurobehavioral Symptoms in COVID-19 “Long Haulers” (INS-New York 2024) - "These results highlight the importance of proper evaluation and treatment of neurobehavioral symptoms which persist long after COVID-19 infection. Despite the fact that COVID-19 no longer constitutes a public health emergency, post-acute cognitive sequelae of COVID-19 can have a devastating impact on individuals’ wellbeing. This growing public-health crisis demands a focused and patient-centered response."

CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Sleep, brain systems, and persistent stress in early adolescents during COVID-19: Insights from the ABCD study. (PubMed, J Affect Disord) - "Adolescents showed variable stress responses during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, and some reported persistently high stress across the whole first year. Vulnerability to persistent stress was evident in several brain structural and self-reported sleep measures, collected before the pandemic, suggesting the relevance of other pre-existing individual factors beyond pandemic-related factors, for persistently high stress responses."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Sleep Disorder

Editorial: Long-term effects of COVID-19 pandemic on sleep and their relationships with mental health. (PubMed, Front Psychol) - No abstract available

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Sleep Disorder

Forced social isolation and lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic: depression, anxiety, trauma-distress and coping mechanisms of a Greek sample. (PubMed, Z Gesundh Wiss) - "These findings suggest that in addition to the detrimental effects on physical health, social restriction measures related to COVID-19 also imposed a heavy psychological burden on the population via forced social isolation, which, by design, increased not only physical distancing but also psychological distancing between people. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01907-3."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry

Higher blood pressure and weight observed among early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. (PubMed, Am J Prev Cardiol) - "The pandemic was associated with a 1.97 higher odds of hypertension (95% CI 1.33, 2.92) compared to pre-pandemic when adjusting for covariates. Future studies should explore mechanisms and longitudinal trends in blood pressure among adolescents as they return to pre-pandemic lifestyle behaviors."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pediatrics

Genetically engineered pair of cells for serological testing and its application for SARS-CoV-2. (PubMed, Bioeng Transl Med) - "We validated it with human serum with confirmed history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection...The platform can be redirected against other antibodies. Self-replication and activation-induced cell signaling, two attributes of the cell, will enable rapid and cost-effective manufacturing and its operation in healthcare facilities without requiring time-consuming signal amplification steps."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Pandemic-Related Changes in the Prevalence of Early Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Use, 2020-2021: Data From a Multisite Cohort Study. (PubMed, J Adolesc Health) - "Among youth ages 11.5-13.0 years old, rates of alcohol use remained dramatically reduced in May 2021 relative to prepandemic and rates of prescription drug misuse and inhalant use remained modestly increased. Differences remained despite the partial restoration of prepandemic life, raising questions about whether youth who spent early adolescence under pandemic conditions may exhibit persistently different patterns of substance use."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Discovery of Highly Potent Small Molecule Pan-Coronavirus Fusion Inhibitors. (PubMed, Viruses) - "NBCoV63 also showed similar efficacy profiles to Remdesivir against authentic SARS-CoV-2 (Hong Kong strain) and two of its variants (Delta and Omicron), SARS-CoV-1, and MERS-CoV by plaque reduction in Calu-3 cells. Additionally, we show that NBCoV63 inhibits virus-mediated cell-to-cell fusion in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) data of NBCoV63 demonstrated drug-like properties."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Network Analysis of Neurobehavioral Symptom Patterns in an International Sample of Spanish-Speakers with a History of COVID-19 and Controls. (PubMed, Int J Environ Res Public Health) - "The cognitive and affective symptoms in the COVID- network were also largely connected to symptoms from within their own groups; (4) These findings suggest that many of the long-term neurobehavioral symptoms of COVID-19 form a discernable network and that headaches, frustration, hearing problems, forgetfulness, and tension are the most central symptoms. Cognitive and behavioral rehabilitation strategies targeting these central symptom network features may hold promise to help fracture the lingering symptom network of COVID-19."

Journal • Fatigue • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Orthopedics • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Respiratory Diseases

Lower Daily Steps among U.S. Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Objective Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. (PubMed, Prev Med Rep) - No abstract available

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

The "Janus-like" RNA-editing machinery in innate antiviral immunity. (PubMed, Curr Trends Immunol) - "Thus, the ADAR-1-mediated RNA editing may be either beneficial or harmful; these effects need to be tightly modulated to sustain innate antiviral immunity while restricting undesired off-target self-reactivity. In this communication, we discuss ideas and tools to identify the orphan drug candidates, including small molecules and biologics that may serve as effective modulators of the ADAR-1/IFN innate immunity and are thereby promising for use in treating or preventing SUD- and/or viral infection-associated mental illnesses."

Journal • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Infectious Disease • Major Depressive Disorder • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • Schizophrenia • ADAR

Moderate, Little, or No Improvements in Neurobehavioral Symptoms among Individuals with Long COVID: A 34-Country Retrospective Study. (PubMed, Int J Environ Res Public Health) - "Additionally, participants from North America, Europe, and Central Asia reported higher levels of symptoms across all domains relative to Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa; (4) The results highlight the importance of evaluating and treating neurobehavioral symptoms after COVID-19, especially targeting the higher-risk groups identified. General rehabilitation strategies and evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation are needed in both the acute and Long COVID phases."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

An international study of post-COVID sleep health. (PubMed, Sleep Health) - "Poor current sleep health is evident in individuals with a history of COVID-19, particularly those with more severe symptoms at the time of their COVID-19 infection and is associated with a poorer quality of life. Clinicians and researchers should assess sleep health in COVID-19 patients and investigate long-term associations with their mental and physical health, as well as potential benefits of improving sleep in this population."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Self-supervised learning of neighborhood embedding for longitudinal MRI. (PubMed, Med Image Anal) - "Across the three data sets, the visualization of the smooth trajectory vector fields and superior accuracy on downstream tasks demonstrate the strength of the proposed method over existing self-supervised methods in extracting information related to brain aging, which could help study the impact of substance use and neurodegenerative disorders. The code is available at https://github.com/ouyangjiahong/longitudinal-neighbourhood-embedding."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders

Earlier Bedtime and Effective Coping Skills Predict a Return to Low-Risk of Depression in Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic. (PubMed, Int J Environ Res Public Health) - "Results indicate divergence in trajectories of depressive symptoms, with a considerable number of young adults developing persistent depressive symptoms. Healthy sleep behavior and specific coping skills have the potential to promote remittance from depressive symptoms in the context of the pandemic."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry

Location matters: Regional variation in association of community burden of COVID-19 with caregiver and youth worry. (PubMed, Health Place) - "Caregivers' (vs. youths') COVID-19-related worry was more strongly associated with COVID-19's community impact, independent of sociodemographics and pre-pandemic anxiety levels, with these associations varying by location. Public-health agencies and healthcare providers should avoid adopting uniform "one-size-fits-all" approaches to addressing COVID-19-related emotional distress and must consider specific communities' needs, challenges, and strengths."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry

Family Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Risks of Financial Insecurity and Coping. (PubMed, J Res Adolesc) - "Parental alcohol use increased risk for worsening of family relationships, while a greater endorsement of coping strategies was mainly associated with overall better family well-being. Financial and mental health support may be critical for family well-being during and after a widespread crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

A prospective study revealing a compounded burden of COVID-19, sex, and clinical diagnosis of alcohol use disorder and HIV infection on quality of life, anxiety, and alcohol use. (PubMed, J Psychiatr Res) - "Although AUDIT scores were stable in all groups between assessments, changes in AUDIT scores were inversely correlated with QoL scores in clinical women; in clinical men, changes in STAI scores were inversely correlated with QoL scores. Although all groups were adversely affected by the pandemic, the negative effects were greater in the clinical group regardless of diagnosis and greatest in clinical women."

HEOR • Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pain • Psychiatry

Did the acute impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on drinking or nicotine use persist? Evidence from a cohort of emerging adults followed for up to nine years. (PubMed, Addict Behav) - "Initial effects of the pandemic on alcohol use faded by June 2021, and on average there was little effect of the pandemic on nicotine use."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Resilience to COVID-19: Socioeconomic Disadvantage Associated With Positive Caregiver-Youth Communication and Youth Preventative Actions. (PubMed, Front Public Health) - "Families with more socioeconomic disadvantage may be adaptively incorporating more protective strategies to reduce emotional distress and likelihood of COVID-19 infection. The results highlight the importance of caregiver-youth communication and disease-preventative practices for buffering the economic and disease burdens of COVID-19, along with policies and programs that reduce these burdens for families with socioeconomic disadvantage."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

The Pandemic's Toll on Young Adolescents: Prevention and Intervention Targets to Preserve Their Mental Health. (PubMed, J Adolesc Health) - "Findings highlight the importance of social connectedness and healthy behaviors, such as sleep and physical activity, as buffering factors against the deleterious effects of the pandemic on adolescents' mental health. They also point to the need for greater attention toward coping strategies that help the most vulnerable adolescents, particularly girls and those with prepandemic psychological problems."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Screen Time Use Among US Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. (PubMed, JAMA Pediatr) - No abstract available

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Risk for depression tripled during the COVID-19 pandemic in emerging adults followed for the last 8 years. (PubMed, Psychol Med) - "The sharp increase in depression risk among emerging adults heralds a public health crisis with alarming implications for their social and emotional functioning as this generation matures. In addition to the heightened risk for younger women, the role of alcohol use and sleep behavior should be tracked through preventive care aiming to mitigate this looming mental health crisis."

Clinical • Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Infectious Disease • Major Depressive Disorder • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Preventive care • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Multi-label, multi-domain learning identifies compounding effects of HIV and cognitive impairment. (PubMed, Med Image Anal) - "The 'prediction logits' of CI computed by the multi-label formulation also successfully stratify motor performance among the HIV-positive subjects (including HAND). Finally, brain patterns driving the subject-level predictions across all four cohorts characterize the independent and compounding effects of HIV and CI in the HAND cohort."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • MRI