Diastat (diazepam rectal gel) / Bausch Health - LARVOL DELTA

Final, Long-Term Safety Results for Diazepam Nasal Spray in Patients Aged 2-5 Years From a Phase 1/2a Study (AES 2025) - P1/2 | "Diazepam nasal spray does not require positioning the patient, needs fewer steps to administer than diazepam rectal gel, and has an established safety profile in patients aged 6-17 y that is consistent with rectal diazepam in children ≥6 y and adults. The safety profile of diazepam nasal spray was generally consistent with that of older patients and confirms the safety profile of diazepam nasal spray and age- and weight-based dosing in this younger age group of patients aged 2-5 y."

Clinical • P1/2 data • CNS Disorders • Depression • Epilepsy • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases

Caregiver Perceptions of Diazepam Nasal Spray Treatment in Children Aged 2-5 Years (AES 2025) - "Two diazepam formulations are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of SCs in patients with epilepsy aged ≥2 y: diazepam rectal gel and diazepam nasal spray. At the end of the 180-day period, caregivers reported that most patients recovered quickly and that SCs did not affect other responsibilities, were not stressful to the family, and were milder and fewer and that recovery improved with treatment. These insights into caregiver perceptions reinforce the value of appropriate SC management."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

Examining Nasal and Respiratory Safety of Diazepam Nasal Spray and Device Suitability for Children With Epilepsy Aged 2-5 Years (AES 2025) - "Rationale: Diazepam nasal spray (Valtoco®) is approved for the treatment of seizure clusters in patients with epilepsy aged ≥2 y. In patients aged 6-65 y, a safety profile consistent with that of diazepam rectal gel has been demonstrated. Diazepam nasal spray demonstrated favorable local safety and tolerability profile in children aged 2-5 years, with no serious treatment-related TEAE (including respiratory depression), and a low rate of dosing errors comparable to that seen in studies in older children and adults. These findings support the dosing paradigm and the device's suitability in treating seizure clusters for this age group."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Depression • Dermatology • Epilepsy • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases

Chemical composition, aroma profile, antioxidant activity, and sensory attributes of beer according to roasting degree and malt type. (PubMed, Food Chem X) - "Roasting increased carbohydrate content, diastatic power, and Maillard products such as melanoidins and Amadori compounds, contributing to deeper color and enhanced antioxidant activity...These changes aligned with antioxidant capacity, as melanoidin- and pyrazine-rich profiles enhanced radical scavenging. Overall, roasting modulated sensory and antioxidant properties through Maillard-derived transformations, underscoring their impact on beer quality."

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SILENT PERFORATION: LIFE-THREATENING PNEUMO-MEDIASTINUM FROM NASOGASTRIC TUBE PLACEMENT IN AN ELDERLY PATIENT (CHEST 2025) - " Elderly patients are at high risk for complications during nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion due to factors like decreased pharyngeal reflexes and altered levels of consciousness [1]• Caution is essential when performing NGT insertion in elderly patients, with the use of multiple confirmation methods to ensure accurate placement.• Reported causes of cervical emphysema and pneumo-mediastinum include dental surgery, mastoid fractures, diastatic cecum rupture, and acute perforated diverticulitis, often treated with prophylactic antibiotics. • This case underscores the potential dangers of NG tube insertion, particularly in elderly patients, whose anatomical or functional vulnerabilities may heighten the risk of complications."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Gout • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Nephrology • Orthopedics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diastatotropis elegans (Coleoptera: Anthribidae) from Madagascar: nomenclatural status, redescription and ecological notes. (PubMed, Zootaxa) - "Based on the available distributional data, D. elegans seems to be endemic to the Montagne dAmbre massif, northern Madagascar. A checklist of valid species of Diastatotropis Lacordaire, 1865 is provided."

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Epidemiology of complex colon cancer entities and patterns of locoregional recurrence entities: A nationwide retrospective cohort study (ESCP 2025) - "Aim Despite the high incidence of colon cancer, there is a lack of data concerning complex colon cancer (CCC) entities, including uncomplicated cT4 tumors, peritumoral abscess (PACC), tumor perforation (TPCC) and diastatic proximal perforation (DPCC), as well as patterns of locoregional recurrences (LRR)...PACC and cT4 stage were independently associated with isolated LRR. The observed LRR incidence was 7.7% and peritoneal localization was most frequently observed (4.0%)."

Retrospective data • Colon Cancer • Colorectal Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Enhancement or Activation of Agricultural Antibiotic Production in Streptomyces by an Identified Strong Promoter P30S. (PubMed, J Agric Food Chem) - "The higher expression level and utility of P30S were further confirmed in three different host strains, including the industrial strain Streptomyces diastatochromogenes 1628...Similarly, in S. rimosus M527, P30S was superior to permE* in increasing rimocidin production through the overexpression of the accsr gene, which encodes acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Moreover, P30S successfully activated a cryptic gene cluster responsible for TM biosynthesis in S. rimosus M527 via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in."

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A new antifungal compound from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes. (PubMed, BMC Biotechnol) - "Compound 1 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the hyphal growth of R. solani, F. oxysporum, and B. cinerea, with IC50 values of 0.20, 1.28, and 1.53 µg/mL, respectively. These fundings underscore S. diastatochromogenes as a promising microbial source for the discovery of natural antifungal agents."

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Superior thermostability and divalent cation sensitivity of isoamylase CMI294C from Cyanidioschyzon merolae. (PubMed, Plant Mol Biol) - "Our results indicate that CMI294C can be potentially used for industrial maltose production due to its enzymatic properties. Overall, our findings provide molecular insights into the isoamylase in glucan structure modulation and enhance our understanding of glucan metabolism in C. merolae."

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Genetic pre-adaptations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Andean chicha isolates facilitate industrial brewery application. (PubMed, Food Microbiol) - "These outperformed commercial reference brewing strains and had fermentation profiles and alcohol yields similar to those of diastatic S. cerevisiae strains of the Mosaic/Beer 2 group...Apart from 4-vinylguaiacol, which is considered an essential flavour compound in wheat beers, no off-flavours were detected in test beers. Results highlight the value of assessing industrial brewing potential of non-European strains associated with traditional cereal-based fermentations."

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Pharmacokinetics and 180-day safety of diazepam nasal spray in pediatric patients with epilepsy aged 2-5 years. (PubMed, Epilepsia) - "This study characterizes the PK of diazepam in patients 2-5 years of age and reports a safety profile consistent with older patients. Results demonstrate that the diazepam nasal spray drug-device combination is appropriate for drug delivery and absorption in these patients."

Journal • PK/PD data • CNS Disorders • Depression • Epilepsy • Pediatrics • Psychiatry

Combined inoculation of rhizobacteria with Mesorhizobium promotes growth, nutrient contents, and protects chickpea against Fusarium redolens. (PubMed, AIMS Microbiol) - "Two bacterial strains including Streptomyces diastaticus subsp...Bj1 and the uninoculated plants were used as controls. The association of PGPR with other inoculants potentially could substitute for chemical fertilizers, and testing of PGPR under field conditions will further elucidate their effectiveness on grain yields of chickpea."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Comparison of the Degree of Hydrolytic and Cytolytic Modification in Wheat Malts Obtained from Grain of Selected Wheat Cultivars Produced at Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilisation. (PubMed, Molecules) - "The degree of hydrolytic modification (marked by parameters: extractive capacity, diastatic power and degree of fermentation) in wheat malts significantly influences their quality, determining their potential for use in brewing...The viscosity parameter of wheat malts, determining the degree of cytolytic modification, varied and averaged 1.95 mPa·s for the variety and for the nitrogen fertilisation applied. In 2-year canopy experiments, at a nitrogen fertilisation level of 60 kg N·ha-1, the Elixer cultivar was characterised by the best indicators of the degree of hydrolytic and cytolytic modification."

Clinical • Journal

PRODIGIOSIN PIGMENT-PRODUCING STREPTOMYCES DIASTATICUS ON SEMI-SOLID MEDIA AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY AGAINST COLORECTAL (COLO-205) CELL LINE. (PubMed, Microb Pathog) - "Overall results showed that the Prodigiosin produced from Actinomycetes is found to be toxic to cancer cells. Thus, it could find application as a bio-colorant in the dyeing, cosmetics, and food sectors."

Journal • Preclinical • Oncology

Exploring Proposed Recommendations for Acute Cluster Treatment and Rapid and Early Seizure Termination Using Data From a Long-Term Safety Study of Diazepam Nasal Spray (P12-9.004). (PubMed, Neurology) - "Safety data for diazepam nasal spray were similar to that for diazepam rectal gel. Rabinowicz has stock in Neurelis, Inc. Disclaimer: Abstracts were not reviewed by Neurology® and do not reflect the views of Neurology® editors or staff."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

Two new species of Diastatotropis Lacordaire from protected areas in Madagascar (Coleoptera: Anthribidae). (PubMed, Zootaxa) - "(Anthribidae: Anthribinae), from central and eastern Madagascar are described. Colour habitus photographs, ecological notes and photographs of the habitat are provided."

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Optimization of the germination time of proso and foxtail millets to enhance the bioactive properties, antioxidant activity, and enzymatic power and reduce antinutritional factor. (PubMed, Curr Res Food Sci) - "Germination was conducted over five days (0-5 days), and changes in total phenolic and flavonoid content, tannin content, antioxidant activity, diastatic power, α-amylase activity, reducing sugars, and trypsin inhibition activity were measured...Moreover, Kaguno Red exhibited the highest bioactive levels, while Kaguno White had the lowest trypsin inhibition activity, indicating varietal-specific differences in analyzed parameters. This study highlights the potential of tailored germination strategies to enhance the nutritional and functional profiles of millets, providing actionable insights for functional food development in regions reliant on millet as a staple crop."

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Exploring Proposed Recommendations for Acute Cluster Treatment and Rapid and Early Seizure Termination Using Data From a Long-Term Safety Study of Diazepam Nasal Spray (AAN 2025) - "Data from the long-term safety study of diazepam nasal spray demonstrate its benefit in immediate use for both prevention of further seizures in SCs (ACT) and termination of an acute SC and PS in a cluster (REST)."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

PCR-fingerprinting of culturable yeasts from commercially obtained beers: a simple and engaging applied microbiological laboratory exercise. (PubMed, MicroPubl Biol) - "Fingerprinting identified two groups of closely related Saccharomyces isolates in unrelated beer styles, later identified as diastatic and wine yeasts using phylogenomics. Isolates from traditional products thus may not represent the original fermentation. We believe that the interlinked nature of topics and the simple basis can elevate engagement and performance of students during such a class."

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Seed endophytes of malting barley from different locations are shaped differently and are associated with malt quality traits. (PubMed, BMC Plant Biol) - "Association analysis showed a significant negative correlation between bacterial alpha diversity indices (Faith PD and Shannon indices) and malt quality traits for barley protein (BP), free amino nitrogen (FAN), diastatic power (DP) and alpha amylase (AA), while fungal alpha diversity (Shannon and Simpson) showed significant negative relationship with β-D-glucan content. In addition, some bacterial and fungal genera were significantly associated with malt extract (ME) -a key trait for maltsters and brewers. We conclude that barley genotype, location, and their interactions shape the seed endophytic microbiome and is key to microbiome manipulation and management during barley production and/or malting."

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Diversity, damage and pheromone specificity of fruit flies in the Forest-Savanna Transition zone of Ghana. (PubMed, Bull Entomol Res) - "Dacus langi, Dacus carnesi, Dacus (diastatus?), Ceratitis silvestrii and C. quinaria were recorded for the first time in the zone...Ten out of the 18 species, are of economic importance on mango and must be watched. Periodic updates on seasonal fluctuations, species composition and new arrivals are key to the successful implementation of any management strategy."

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Breeding of a new malting barley variety 'Satuiku 5 go' for Hokkaido exhibiting improved grain yield and malting quality. (PubMed, Breed Sci) - "For malting quality, 'Satuiku 5 go' exhibited higher diastatic power, soluble nitrogen content, and fine extract content, and lower wort β-glucan content than 'Ryohfu'. 100-litter pilot scale brewing trials were conducted with 'Satuiku 5 go' and 'Satuiku 2 go' as a control variety, also a LOX-1-less variety, and no clear differences were observed."

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Enhancing starch hydrolysis in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) through CaCl2 solution mashing: insights into endogenous amylase activity. (PubMed, J Food Sci Technol) - "The results have demonstrated that the presence of CaCl2 enhanced enzyme activity, resulting in higher sugar yields when compared to hydrolysis conducted without CaCl2. The results from the present study are promising to the use of sweet potato to produce bioethanol, maltose syrup and vinegar."

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Enzyme Activities Shape Malting Quality Standards. (PubMed, Food Sci Nutr) - "In contrast, β-amylase activity exhibited a significant correlation solely with diastatic power (DP)...The elevated expression levels of both HvBmy1 and HvBmy2 contributed to high DP, and the activation of α-amylase genes (HvAmy1 and HvAmy2) and β-glucanase genes (HvGlb1 and HvGlb2) played a crucial role in producing high FAN and KI. These results enhance our understanding of the relations between enzyme activity and malting quality traits and thereby may facilitate further breeding for malt barley cultivars."

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