dolutegravir/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate / Cipla, Laurus Labs, Aurobindo, Viatris, Hetero, Macleods - LARVOL DELTA

Effect of weight gain on blood pressure in Ugandan persons with HIV on dolutegravir/lamivudine/ tenofovir disoproxil fumarate over 48 weeks. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "We provide additional evidence to suggest that the noticed weight gain after starting dolutegravir based ART may be associated with a heightened risk of incident hypertension."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • CD4

SAME SCENARIO –DIFFERENT OUTCOMES (ESPID 2025) - "After TMT/SMX + sulfadiazine treatment and with the new ART regimen( TDF/3TC/DTG), neurological symptomatic significantly decreased, CD4 cells increased till 15 % - 481 cells/ml and VL become undetectable. Learning Points/Discussion - High adherence to ART saves the HIV patients' lives as well as significantly improves their quality of lives. - In patients with progressed HIV -infection: various infection agents can provoke neurological impairments."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

HIV-HCV COINFECTION IN PREGNANCY: CAN DIRECT-ACTING ANTIVIRAL AGENTS REDUCE THE RISK OF VERTICAL TRANSMISSION? (ESPID 2025) - "ART with TDF+3TC/DTG was initiated, achieving an undetectable HIV VL and increased CD4 count. While sofosbuvir-ledipasvir is not pan-genotypic, it has the most safety and efficacy evidence in this context. This high-risk case suggests that DAA treatment during pregnancy, even in later stages, may reduce vertical transmission of HCV."

Hepatitis C • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

A combined prospective and retrospective comparative study evaluating renal outcomes after switching from TDF + FTC + EFV to TDF/3TC/DTG (TLD) vs. DTG + 3TC in virologically suppressed Thai people with HIV. (PubMed, HIV Res Clin Pract) - "As a result, people with HIV in Thailand on TDF/FTC/EFV are switched to TLD...Dual therapy with DTG + 3TC may be a preferred switching option over TLD for individuals with renal safety concerns. Further randomized prospective trials with longer follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Viral kinetics among persons living with HIV (PLWH) on Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral Regimen: A retrospective and prospective analysis from selected HIV clinics in Ghana. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "The presence of virologic failures was of concern despite the high rates of viral suppression that DTG-based ART demonstrated. Undetectable viral suppression was higher than detectable viral suppression. Regular monitoring of viral kinetics, adherence, and comorbidities is essential to meeting the United Nations program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 95-95-95 targets and providing efficient therapeutic approaches for PLWH."

Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Confirmed virological failure following enhanced adherence counseling among virally unsuppressed children and adolescents on dolutegravir-based versus other regimens: Evidence from a cohort analysis in Cameroon. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "According to ART-regimens, 48.4% received DTG-based regimens (TDF/3TC/DTG: 32.8%; ABC/3TC + DTG: 15.6%). About 40% of Cameroonian children/adolescents with VnS experience cVF, which is indicative that EAC significantly contributes to viral re-suppression (60%), especially with DTG-based regimens. Thus, implementing a strategy that couples DTG-transition with EAC-interventions would contribute substantially to efforts in eliminating pediatric AIDS in LMICs."

Journal • Observational data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Evaluation of cytokine levels in HIV-infected individuals on therapy with tenofovir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir. (PubMed, Braz J Med Biol Res) - "Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential to reduce viral load and restore CD4+ T cell levels in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). These findings suggested that TDF/3TC/DTG treatment modulated cytokines, reducing chronic inflammation and improving the immune response in PLWHA. The decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-10, may be associated with better regulation of the immune system, resulting in greater control of infection and a balanced inflammatory response."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Oncology • CD4 • CD8 • IL10 • IL2 • IL4 • TNFA

Longer-term virologic outcomes on tenofovir-lamivudine-dolutegravir in second-line ART. (PubMed, South Afr J HIV Med) - "Dolutegravir in second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) is more effective with recycled tenofovir than switching to zidovudine...Eligible participants had two consecutive HIV-1 RNA ≥ 1000 copies/mL on first-line ART, mostly tenofovir-emtricitabine-efavirenz...Among adults switching to TLD with detectable HIV-1 RNA and substantial tenofovir and lamivudine resistance, a high proportion maintained virologic suppression up to 158 weeks. Emergent dolutegravir resistance occurred in ~1% of participants after 2-3 years on second-line TLD."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Rapid emergence of dolutegravir resistance on second-line dolutegravir-based ART. (PubMed, South Afr J HIV Med) - "The integrase strand transfer inhibitor, dolutegravir (DTG), is widely used in first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens in South Africa. We describe an adult with virological failure on second-line tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD2) and rapid emergence of DTG resistance within 3 months, while receiving rifapentine-based tuberculosis preventive therapy."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Kaposi sarcoma in an HIV-infected patient with high CD4 count: a case report and literature review. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne)) - "This case report describes an 18-year-old male with vertical HIV infection, managed on a regimen of dolutegravir/lamivudine/tenofovir (DTG/3TC/TDF), and with a recent CD4 count of 627cells/mm3and recent viral load of 378 copies/ml, presented with exacerbation of shortness of breath, productive cough with blood-tinged sputum, and a diffuse skin rash...The case underlines that though epidemic Kaposi sarcoma is often a disease of immunosuppressed people caused by retroviral infection, there is still the possibility in those with high CD4 counts despite viral load remains low. A high level of suspicion in high-risk patients presenting with characteristic skin lesions is critical for early diagnosis and prompt initiation of available treatment options for a better patient outcome."

Journal • Cough • Dermatology • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Kaposi Sarcoma • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Sarcoma • Solid Tumor • Transplantation • CD4

The association of adherence counseling and virologic re-suppression in people living with HIV enrolled in the AFRICOS cohort on Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir: A retrospective cohort study, 2013-2024 (IAS-HIV 2025) - "The embargo on all abstracts, including oral abstract, poster exhibition, e-poster and late breakers, will lift on Monday, 14 July 2025, at 15:30 Central African Time (CAT). If an abstract is part of an official IAS 2025 press conference that occurs before that time, the embargo on that abstract lifts at the start of the official press conference."

Adherence • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Enhanced Adherence Counselling Among Adolescents With Detectable Viremia in Cameroon (CROI 2025) - "We herein evaluated the virological outcomes after enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) among ADLHIV with non-VS and low-level viremia (LLV) in the era of tenofovir-lamivudine-dolutegravir (TLD) in Cameroon...Conclusions In LMICs transitioning to TLD, an effective EAC would substantially improve ART outcomes among ADLHIV experiencing non-VS. In context, LMICs are encouraged to accompany the transition to pediatric dolutegravir-containing regimens with a robust adherence support strategy for ADLHIV with detectable VL to achieve elimination of pediatric AIDS by 2030."

Adherence • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Impact of Gestational Diabetes on Pregnancy Outcomes in South African Women Living With HIV (CROI 2025) - "Methods The ORCHID study enrolled pregnant women with HIV (WLH) receiving tenofovir+lamivudine+dolutegravir and a comparison group of HIV-seronegative (HIV-) women (eligibility: age >16y, <18w gestational age (GA) at enrollment, not known with diabetes or hypertension) in Cape Town, South Africa...Conclusions These novel findings suggest that maternal HIV infection may attenuate the known effects of GDM on LGA deliveries. Further research is required to understand what mechanisms may drive such an attenuation, and more generally to the long-term implications of GDM diagnoses for WLH and their infants."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Gestational Diabetes • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders

Transitioning Adolescents With HIV to TDF/3TC+DTG Improves Virologic Outcome: CIPHER-ADOLA Study (CROI 2025) - "Background WHO recommends transitioning to tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD)-regimen to improve virological success (VS), considering vulnerable populations like adolescents living with HIV/AIDS (ADLHIV). However, VR occurs in some cases, especially when switching from a DTG-based regimens. Thus, scaling-up the transition of ADLHIV to TLD, regardless of previous exposure to TDF/3TC/EFV and baseline VL, would contribute to markedly decreasing, down toward eliminating paediatric AIDS."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

HIV Drug Resistance by Next-Generation Sequencing After Transition to TLD in Uganda and South Africa (CROI 2025) - "Background Studies have identified an increased risk of dolutegravir (DTG) resistance in people with nucleos(t)ide (NRTI) resistance after transitioning from non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) to tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD)...However, no study participants, including those with resistance to TDF and 3TC at the time of TLD transition or 24 weeks later, had resistance to DTG at the 2-20% thresholds after one year on TLD. Conclusions In a cohort of approximately 1,000 people who transitioned from NNRTI-containing ART to TLD in public sector clinics in Uganda and South Africa, resistance to TDF and FTC at transition was not associated with emergent DTG resistance, including minority variants."

Biomarker • Next-generation sequencing • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Impact of TLD on Birth Outcomes in South African Women: The ORCHID Cohort (CROI 2025) - "Background The global shift to tenofovir+lamivudine+dolutegravir (TLD) has improved viral suppression in women living with HIV (WLH) in pregnancy but there are limited data on birth outcomes with TLD use...For example, compared to women with normal BMI, women with class 1 obesity (BMI 30-35) experienced decreased odds of prematurity (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.36-0.96), LBW (AOR 0.49, 0.31-0.77), and SGA (AOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33-0.80); Obesity classes 2&3 (BMI >35) decreased the odds of LBW (AOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37-0.88), and SGA (AOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.23-0.61), and increased the odds of LGA (AOR 4.51, 95% CI 2.70-7.74). Conclusions These results suggest few meaningful differences in birth outcomes between WLH on TLD and HIV-negative women in this setting where both HIV and obesity are prevalent, while maternal BMI appears to be the major driver of birth outcomes in this cohort."

Clinical • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Genetic Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Obesity

Early Pregnancy Insulin Dynamics in South African Women With HIV on Dolutegravir: The ORCHID Study (CROI 2025) - "Background Little is known about glucose regulation by insulin in early pregnancy in women with HIV (WWH) receiving tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD). Our findings suggest that pregnant WWH receiving TLD may be at reduced risk for diabetes in early pregnancy compared to HIV- women. Longitudinal studies in pregnant WWH will be useful to understand whether this favorable profile persists."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Gestational Diabetes • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • CD4

Distinct Metabolic and Inflammation Signatures in Urban vs Rural Ugandan Youth With HIV (CROI 2025) - "Median viral load was 112 copies/mL, 52% rural vs 96% urban YPHIV had HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL, 93% of YPHIV were on TDF/3TC/DTG...The monocyte activation marker sCD14, was associated with HIV status and remained elevated in rural YPHIV even after adjusting for differences in HIV factors. Increasing the inclusion of rural populations in SSA is paramount as we focus on preventing cardiometabolic comorbidities in aging YPHIV."

Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • CRP • IL6

Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in Adults With HIV and TB on Twice-Daily BIC/FTC/TAF With Rifampicin (CROI 2025) - P2 | "Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of the INSIGHT study (NCT04734652) and assessed neuropsychiatric outcomes in participants randomized to receive bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC arm) or tenofovir; lamivudine; dolutegravir (DTG arm).The bictegravir or dolutegravir regimens were dosed twice daily during TB treatment and once daily thereafter. Self-reported sleep disruption was noted with a sleep score of ≥ 6 and was reported in 73% of individuals in the BIC arm and 88% in the DTG arm. Conclusions The use of double-dose bictegravir was not significantly associated with a greater number of neuropsychiatric events than double-dose dolutegravir; and none of the identified events required neuropsychiatry interventions; treatment disruption or dose modifications in this study ."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • CNS Disorders • Depression • General Anxiety Disorder • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder • Tuberculosis • CD4

Selection of Nucleocapsid Mutations With Virologic Failure of Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir (CROI 2025) - "Conclusions This work provides the first clinical evidence of selection of NC mutations with TLD failure and of decreased DTG susceptibility from the combination of NC and IN mutations. Our findings support further investigation of the potential contributions of mutations outside of IN to VF of TLD."

Gene Therapies • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

LA-ART for Breastfeeding Women With HIV in Zimbabwe: Clinical Impact and Cost-Effectiveness (CROI 2025) - "Methods At time of delivery, we simulated 2 cohorts of women who had been engaged in antenatal care, had adherence challenges while prescribed oral tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) in pregnancy, and had no prior NNRTI exposure, along with their infants: 1) women not virally suppressed at the time of delivery (NVS) and 2) women with viral suppression at delivery (VS). We modeled 2 ART approaches immediately after delivery: standard of care (SOC: continuation of TLD) and LA-ART (switching from TLD to cabotegravir/rilpivirine [LA-CAB/RPV])...Conclusions LA-ART for breastfeeding women with adherence challenges to oral TLD could reduce infant infections. If efficacy is confirmed in postpartum women, LA-ART for women without viral suppression at delivery would improve outcomes and save money; for women with viral suppression, it would be cost-effective in Zimbabwe if costs were ≤$7/month."

Clinical • Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Randomized Trial of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in Africa (CARES): Week 96 Results (CROI 2025) - "Four participants (1.6%) in LA group and none in OT group had CVF by week 96; 3 resuppressed on TDF/3TC/DTG...Conclusions At 96 weeks, CAB and RPV LA showed high efficacy, non-inferior to oral ART when used in the public health approach with sparse VL monitoring and without real-time baseline resistance testing. CVF and acquired resistance was uncommon. LA was effective with an acceptable safety profile and may be considered for use in treatment programs in sub-Saharan Africa."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • Hepatitis B • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Antibiotic prescription patterns and associated symptoms in children living with HIV at Arthur Davison Children's Hospital in Ndola, Zambia. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Children who were on abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir regimen presented with more symptoms (48.8%) compared to those on tenofovir alafenamide/lamivudine/dolutegravir (21.0%) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine/dolutegravir (18.2%) (p = 0.006)...Co-trimoxazole was the most commonly (38.0%) prescribed, while erythromycin (2.0%) and Cephalexin (2.0%) were the least...Despite co-trimoxazole being the prophylactic drug among HIV-positive children, it was the most common antibiotic among children presenting with symptoms suggestive of an infection. This calls for the prudent use of co-trimoxazole to avoid its resistance."

Journal • Cough • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Resistance to Dolutegravir in Treatment-experienced Patients in South Africa: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr) - "Over 60% of patients with prior treatment experience who had been on dolutegravir-based ART for over two years and experienced virologic failure had intermediate or high level dolutegravir resistance. This suggests that criteria for GART used are too stringent, which has resource implications in programmatic settings where access to resistance testing for individual management is limited."

Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

A United States HIV provider survey of antiretroviral therapy management in people living with HIV with co-occurring conditions. (PubMed, AIDS Res Ther) - "This study reveals varied ART approaches for people living with HIV and non-infectious conditions, often diverging from standard regimens. While guidelines provide a framework, providers adapt treatment based on patient needs. Further research is crucial to optimize ART management in these complex situations."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease