salicylic acid/menthol / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Enhanced oil recovery promoted by aqueous deep eutectic solvents on silica and calcite surfaces: a molecular dynamics study. (PubMed, Phys Chem Chem Phys) - "Additionally, hydrogen bond formation between DESs and water has been calculated to elucidate its influence on the water/oil interface and substrate wettability. The study provides insights into the fundamental aspects of EOR processes for more effective and sustainable oil extraction."

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Heat-treated Limosilactobacillus fermentum LM1020 with menthol, salicylic acid, and panthenol promotes hair growth and regulates hair scalp microbiome balance in androgenetic alopecia: A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. (PubMed, J Cosmet Dermatol) - "These present results showed that HT-LM1020 was a co-effector of ingredients for anti-hair loss contributing to cell proliferation and the expression of CDKs."

Clinical • Journal • Alopecia • Immunology • CCNB1 • FGF • FGF10 • FGF7

Enhancing Transdermal Delivery: Investigating the Impact of Permeation Promoters on Ibuprofen Release and Penetration from Medical Patches-In Vitro Research. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Eleven patches, each containing a 5% enhancer of permeation, encompassing compounds such as salicylic acid, menthol, urea, glycolic acid, allantoin, oleic acid, Tween 80, linolenic acid, camphor, N-dodecylcaprolactam, and glycerin, were developed. The adhesive properties of the patches were characterised, and active substance permeability was tested. The findings revealed that patches with 5% allantoin exhibited the highest IBU permeability, approximately 2.8 times greater than patches without enhancers after 24 h. These patches present a potential alternative to commercial preparations, highlighting the significant impact of enhancers on transdermal drug delivery efficiency."

Journal • Preclinical

Warts and All: Remedies Abound but High Quality Data Lacking (MedPageToday) - '"There's the regular cantharidin, and then there's the cantharidin with two other ingredients, salicylic acid and podophyllum,' he said. 'So I offer that, and tell them that between visits you can use Dr. Scholl's salicylic acid patch, or a generic version. Another one of my favorite compounds that's a little stronger is 5-fluorouracil with salicylic acid.' Tyring cautioned that even the stronger topical agents may be of limited efficacy against 'the really challenging areas of thick verruca vulgaris or the majority of plantar warts'...Topical cidofovir often works 'when everything else fails,' Tyring said. Compounded in a 3% cream for verrucae vulgaris and 5% for a plantar wart, applied daily for 2 to 4 weeks, will generally yield 'a dramatic response. It works best if you debulk the wart first; the patient can pare it down between applications at home, as long as they don't elicit pain or bleeding.' But this treatment may be limited by high out-of-pocket costs.'"

The microbiology of red brines. (PubMed, Adv Appl Microbiol) - "The most important are the halophilic archaea of the class Halobacteria that contain bacterioruberin carotenoids as well as bacteriorhodopsin and other retinal pigments, β-carotene-rich species of the unicellular green algal genus Dunaliella and bacteria of the genus Salinibacter (class Rhodothermia) that contain the carotenoid salinixanthin and the retinal protein xanthorhodopsin. Densities of prokaryotes in red brines often exceed 2-3×10 cells/mL. I here review the information on the biota of the red brines, the interactions between the organisms present, as well as the possible roles of the red halophilic microorganisms in the salt production process and some applied aspects of carotenoids and retinal proteins produced by the different types of halophiles inhabiting the red brines."

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The chirality origin of retinal-carotenoid complex in gloeobacter rhodopsin: a temperature-dependent excitonic coupling. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "A recent studied retinal protein, gloeobacter rhodopsin (gR), functions as a proton pump, and binds the carotenoid salinixanthin (sal) in addition to the retinal chromophore...The excitonic interaction is further diminished following reduction of the retinal protonated Schiff base double bond. Furthermore, the intact structure of the retinal ring is necessary for obtaining the excitonic interaction."

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Retinal-Salinixanthin Interactions in a Thermophilic Rhodopsin. (PubMed, J Phys Chem B) - "The presence of relatively smaller glycine residue in the vicinity of the retinal chromophore in TR is proposed to be crucial for binding with Sal. The results are expected to shed light on the mechanism of retinal-carotenoid interactions in other biological systems."

Journal • Ophthalmology

Detection of carotenoids of halophilic prokaryotes in solid inclusions inside laboratory-grown chloride and sulfate crystals using a portable Raman spectrometer: applications for Mars exploration. (PubMed, FEMS Microbiol Lett) - "A portable Raman spectrometer with 532 nm excitation was used for detection of carotenoid biomarkers: salinixanthin of Salinibacter ruber (Bacteroidetes) and α-bacterioruberin of Halorubrum sodomense (Halobacteria) in laboratory-grown artificial inclusions in compound crystals of several chlorides and sulfates, simulating entrapment of microorganisms in evaporitic minerals...A portable Raman spectrometer with resonance enabling excitation detected signals of both carotenoid pigments. Correct positions of diagnostic Raman bands corresponding to the specific carotenoids were recorded."

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Biosynthetic Potential of a Novel Antarctic Actinobacterium Marisediminicola antarctica ZS314 Revealed by Genomic Data Mining and Pigment Characterization. (PubMed, Mar Drugs) - "A new xanthorhodopsin gene was discovered along with the analysis of the salinixanthin biosynthetic gene cluster. Since little is known about this genus, this work improves our understanding of its biosynthetic potential and provides opportunities for further investigation of natural products and strategies for adaptation to the extreme Antarctic environment."

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A genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction of extremely halophilic bacterium Salinibacter ruber. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "To include special metabolites of the bacterium, salinixanthin biosynthesis pathway was modeled based on the pathway proposed recently. For years, main glucose consumption pathway has been under debates in S. ruber. Using flux balance analysis, iMB631 predicts pentose phosphate pathway, rather than glycolysis, as the active glucose consumption method in the S. ruber."

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