midazolam hydrochloride / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Benzodiazepines use in primary care England: Prescribing patterns and adverse consequences. (PubMed, Br J Clin Pharmacol) - "Benzodiazepine prescribing in England continues to decline, reflecting successful deprescribing policies. However, increasing specialist use, persistent inequities, and drug-specific safety and cost concerns highlight the need for cautious prescribing, enhanced pharmacovigilance and equitable access."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Comparison of three sedation regimens for complex bronchoscopic procedures: an observational study on efficacy, safety, and satisfaction. (ERS 2026) - "Aims: To compare safety, efficacy, and satisfaction of: 1) Midazolam+Fentanyl (M+F), 2) Dexmedetomidine+Fentanyl (D+F), and 3) NORA. D+F is as safe and effective as M+F, significantly reducing rescue benzodiazepine needs. Importantly, D+F empowers pulmonologists to autonomously manage complex cases with high stability, providing a key alternative to NORA. While NORA remains the gold standard for patient comfort, it involves longer procedural and recovery times."

Clinical • Observational data • Cough • Respiratory Diseases

Electrocardiographic changes during bronchoscopy (ERS 2026) - "All 22 cases occurred by October 2021 and received midazolam monotherapy...Following gradual introduction of fentanyl-combined sedation from 2021 onwards, no severe ECG changes were documented through January 2026... ECG changes during bronchoscopy, though rare, can be serious. Inadequate sedation may contribute to excessive sympathetic stimulation. Balanced sedation combining benzodiazepines and opioids, as recommended by guidelines, may reduce cardiovascular events."

Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Depression

Analysis of the breathing pattern in a patient with diaphragmatic flutter (ERS 2026) - "Flutter was unrelated to heart rate and ceased after expiration, during midazolam-induced sleep...Respiratory rhythm modulated the flutter, by suppressing inward flow during expiration, while constant outward flow may be due to stable elastic recoil. As previously reported, the flutter ended during sleep."

Clinical • CNS Disorders

Optimising Patient-Centred Sedation for Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Randomised Controlled Trial of Remimazolam–Propofol (ERS 2026) - "Background: Propofol and midazolam are widely used for procedural sedation. Remimazolam combined with propofol provides safe, effective, and physiologically representative sedation for DISE. It shortens induction and recovery times, improves procedural conditions, and enhances airway assessment accuracy, supporting reliable DISE-guided decision-making and personalized OSA management."

Clinical • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

A Study of Navlimetostat (BMS-986504) Drug Interactions and Food Effect in Healthy Participants (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=80 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Bristol-Myers Squibb

New P1 trial

A Trial in Healthy Participants to Assess Drug Interaction Potential of BGB-43395 (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=24 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: BeOne Medicines

New P1 trial

A Practical Alternative to Refine the Estimate of fmCYP3A4 and Evaluate Drug-Drug Interaction Potential for Ziftomenib Using PBPK Modeling to Inform Labeling. (PubMed, CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol) - "Moderate or weak interaction (2.6-fold and 1.4-fold increase in AUC) was predicted with itraconazole and isavuconazole, respectively. Approximately 80% reduction in ziftomenib AUC was predicted with rifampicin. Ziftomenib was predicted to be a weak CYP3A4 inhibitor, causing a 1.9-fold increase in midazolam exposure. In the absence of data from dedicated DDI clinical trials, these results were used to support regulatory interactions with the US FDA regarding concomitant administration of ziftomenib with other medications such as CYP3A4 modulators. These modeling results ultimately supported a range of DDI language in ziftomenib label."

Journal • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Infectious Disease

INAVO121: A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Inavolisib Plus Fulvestrant Compared With Alpelisib Plus Fulvestrant in Participants With HR-Positive, HER2-Negative, PIK3CA Mutated, Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer Post CDK4/6i and Endocrine Combination Therapy (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=420 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Hoffmann-La Roche | Active, not recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Breast Cancer • HER2 Negative Breast Cancer • Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CDK4 • HER-2 • PIK3CA

An Observational Study of Preoperative Cognitive Status, Midazolam Use, and Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients (ChiCTR) - P=N/A | N=200 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital; Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital

New trial • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Geriatric Disorders

Clinical application effect of lateral position insertion of visual occlusion bronchial intubation in unilateral thoracoscopic surgery: A single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR) - P=N/A | N=146 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: The First Hospital Of Jiaxing; The First Hospital Of Jiaxing

Intubation • New trial • Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

COMPARATIVE HEMODYNAMIC SAFETY OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE, PROPOFOL, AND MIDAZOLAM: A UNITED STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM STUDY (CHEST 2026) - No abstract available

Adverse events • Clinical • Critical care

Periprocedural rescue antiemetic administration during radiologic procedures performed under conscious sedation. (PubMed, Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)) - "We performed a retrospective review of adult patients who underwent radiologic procedures under conscious sedation with midazolam and/or fentanyl between May 6, 2018, and December 31, 2024. Rescue antiemetic administration during radiologic procedures with conscious sedation complicates <5% of cases. Risk factors for rescue antiemetics are similar to those for postprocedural nausea and vomiting following general anesthesia."

Journal • Anesthesia

Effects of Kudzu Root (Gegen) on Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Blood Clotting in Healthy Volunteers (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=56 | Completed | Sponsor: Chinese University of Hong Kong

Biomarker • New P1 trial • Thrombosis • CYP2C19 • CYP2C9 • CYP3A4

Sedation Strategy, Procedural Comfort, and Clinically Detected Radial Artery Spasm During Transradial Coronary Angiography: A Prospective Observational Study. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "This study compared two sedation strategies used in routine clinical practice, namely fentanyl-midazolam moderate sedation (MS) and a propofol-integrated monitored anaesthesia care (MAC) regimen, with respect to procedure-related pain and the incidence of clinically detected radial artery spasm (cRAS). These hypothesis-generating findings describe clinically apparent spasm and cannot establish prevention of true vasospasm. Within that limit, they support testing this strategy in a randomised trial with objective, blinded endpoints, particularly in women."

Journal • Observational data • Anesthesia • Pain

Electro-clinical efficacy and safety of midazolam in neonatal seizures: a systematic review with individual level exploratory analysis of gestational age-related treatment response. (PubMed, Eur J Pediatr) - "Midazolam may have a role as an add-on antiseizure medication in neonatal seizures, particularly in refractory cases. However, the evidence remains limited by heterogeneity in study design, EEG monitoring strategies, outcome definitions, and incomplete individual-level data. The observed association between gestational age and response is hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation."

Journal • Review • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Depression • Epilepsy • Hypotension • Psychiatry

BV100 (rifabutin IV) drug interaction studies in healthy subjects with index CYP450 3A probes midazolam and itraconazole. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "BV100 is a mild/weak CYP3A enzyme inducer and a mild substrate for CYP3A inhibitors. However, co-administration with strong CYP3A inhibitors resulted in a disproportionate increase in exposure to the active metabolite 25-O-desacetyl rifabutin, leading to an ∼2-fold increase in total active-moiety exposure. Clinical monitoring is advised when BV100 is co-administered with a strong CYP3A inhibitor. BV100 was safe and well tolerated."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Remimazolam- and dexmedetomidine-based three-drug mixtures refine injectable anesthesia in mice. (PubMed, Exp Anim) - "The medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol mixture (MMB) is widely used for injectable anesthesia in mice but is associated with delayed induction, prolonged recovery, impaired oxygenation, and post-anesthetic hypothermia. During recovery without external heating, rectal temperature differed among groups: the dMRB-MMB AUC comparison was significant, MRB-MMB was borderline, and MRB-dMRB was not significant. MRB improved induction and recovery timing, whereas dMRB improved induction and showed the strongest evidence of better recovery-phase thermoregulation; neither modification corrected the low measured SpO₂."

Journal • Preclinical • Anesthesia

A microdose cocktail and population pharmacokinetic study suggests potentially reduced CYP3A and P-gp activities in type 2 diabetes. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "The activities of CYP3A and transporters P-gp, OATP and BCRP were evaluated in type 2 diabetes patients and healthy volunteers (HVs) following a single oral dose of five probe drugs (midazolam, dabigatran etexilate, pitavastatin, rosuvastatin, and atorvastatin). Additionally, factors such as sex, BCRP genotype, and Clostridium_XlVb partly explained the IIV in probe drugs exposure. The findings regarding altered DMET activities and identified influence factors help to identify specific drug classes that may warrant closer clinical attention in type 2 diabetes patients."

Journal • PK/PD data • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

mini-MENDS: Goal-Directed Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Infants and Children (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=372 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Vanderbilt University Medical Center | Recruiting ➔ Active, not recruiting

Enrollment closed • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Comparative neurocognitive effects of commonly used sedative agents in aged mice. (PubMed, Neurotoxicology) - "Male mice aged 24 months were assigned to control, remimazolam, dexmedetomidine, midazolam, or propofol groups. These findings suggest that commonly used sedative agents demonstrated largely comparable neurocognitive profiles in aged mice. Recognition memory showed no significant group differences at all time points, whereas propofol was associated with transient reductions in spatial working memory at days 1 and 7, suggesting that sedative-related neurocognitive effects may be domain-specific and time-dependent in the aged brain."

Journal • Preclinical • Anesthesia

Nurse-administered Remimazolam for procedural sedation in the emergency department: A prospective study of safety, effectiveness and patient satisfaction. (PubMed, Int Emerg Nurs) - "Severe respiratory adverse effects were rare, and remimazolam was safe to use in the ED by nurses without anesthesiologic specialization. Most patients had amnesia and/or were satisfied with the sedation. Procedures could be initiated within minutes and resolved successfully in most cases."

Journal • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders

A Clinical Trial in Healthy Participants to Learn How Itraconazole Affects MK-2828 Levels and How MK-2828 Affects Midazolam Levels (MK-2828-007) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=29 | Completed | Sponsor: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | Active, not recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion

Evaluation of the Effect of Cendakimab on the Pharmacokinetics of CYP Probe Drugs in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis. (PubMed, Clin Transl Sci) - "Patients received a cocktail of probe substrates (caffeine 200 mg, warfarin 10 mg + vitamin K 10 mg, omeprazole 40 mg, dextromethorphan 30 mg, midazolam 5 mg) for cytochrome P450 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A in two sequential periods, separated by 16 weeks of cendakimab treatment. No clinically relevant changes in laboratory tests, vital signs, or electrocardiograms were observed. Cendakimab had no clinically meaningful effects on cytochrome P450 enzyme activities and was generally safe and well tolerated with or without probe substrates in adults with active eosinophilic esophagitis."

Journal • PK/PD data • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • IL13

Verification of a Physiologically-based Pharmacokinetic Model for Predicting CYP3A4-mediated Simvastatin and Simvastatin Acid Drug-drug Interactions. (PubMed, AAPS J) - "In the current work, we used a static approach to define simvastatin CYP3A4 parameters, using clinical data with index substrate midazolam; estimated simvastatin Fg,CYP3A4 and fm,CYP3A4 were ~ 0.4 and ~ 0.9, respectively. The simvastatin-GFJ effect was explained by inhibition of this intestinal simvastatin acid formation, along with CYP3A4 inhibition. The unique effect of food on the simvastatin acid:simvastatin exposure ratio could also be replicated using this PBPK model."

Journal • PK/PD data • CYP3A4