cloxacillin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Purine and pyrimidine analogs differentially regulate cell wall precursor biosynthesis to control β-lactam susceptibility in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. (PubMed, mBio) - "We previously showed that the pyrimidine analogs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5-fluorouridine (5-FUrd) synergize with β-lactams...Gemcitabine (Gem) and mitomycin C (Mito), such as 5-FU and 5-FUrd, exhibited intrinsic anti-MRSA activity and potentiated β-lactams, whereas the purine analog 6-thioguanine (6-TG) showed distinct, often antagonistic effects...Consistent with this, pyrimidine analogs also suppressed GlmS expression, potentially limiting UDP-GlcNAc production required for cell wall synthesis, and synergized with fosfomycin...Additionally, glutathione-mediated attenuation of killing implicated reactive oxygen species in the bactericidal activity of cloxacillin combinations. Finally, these agents displayed strong antibiofilm activity, further enhanced in combination with daptomycin and rifampicin...These drugs altered the bacterial cell wall and other metabolic pathways linked to antibiotic susceptibility. Our findings reveal the potential to repurpose certain..."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Oncology

Bacterial diversity, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and farm-level risk factors in bovine mastitis: A retrospective cohort study in dairy herds. (PubMed, Res Vet Sci) - "showed the highest resistance rates, particularly to cloxacillin (42.9%), benzylpenicillin (25.0%) and macrolides (21.4%). No significant predictors of co-resistance were identified. Antibiotic resistance patterns observed in mastitis pathogens support the implementation of culture-guided antimicrobial therapy and provide baseline data for regional AMR surveillance within a One Health approach."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease

Empirical Antibiotic Therapy for the Management of Empyema Thoracis in Children: A Systematic Review. (PubMed, Indian Pediatr) - " There is considerable variability in empirical antibiotic selection, but cloxacillin and ceftriaxone were appropriate choices in six and four studies, respectively."

Journal • Review • Pediatrics

Performance of seven carbapenemase detection assays in Pseudomonas aeruginosa across different epidemiological settings: a multicenter cross-sectional study. (PubMed, J Clin Microbiol) - "A total of 320 P. aeruginosa isolates from three German centers with varying carbapenemase prevalences (5.8%-51.4%), including 113 carbapenemase-producing isolates carrying VIM-2 (n = 58), NDM-1 (n = 19), and GIM-1 (n = 16), underwent whole-genome sequencing as reference to assess seven phenotypic carbapenemase-detection tests: modified- and modified-zinc-supplemented carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM and mzCIM), simplified carbapenem inactivation method (sCIM), Carba NP, imipenem-cloxacillin test (IC-4000), and two imipenem-EDTA disk assays...Furthermore, both assays are cost-effective, simple to perform, and can be readily implemented in any routine microbiology laboratory.IMPORTANCEThis study provides comparative diagnostic accuracy data for seven phenotypic carbapenemase detection assays in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) across different prevalence settings. Modified-zinc-supplemented carbapenem inactivation method (mzCIM) and simplified carbapenem inactivation..."

Journal • Observational data

A new era in the treatment ofStaphylococcus aureusbacteremia: cefazolin becomes first choice (PubMed, Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd) - "Cefazolin is non-inferior to flucloxacillin in the treatment of MSSA bacteremia and is associated with less AKI."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Quantifying outer membrane permeability to β-lactam antibiotics using outer membrane vesicles that protect antibiotic-susceptible bacteria. (PubMed, Nat Commun) - "In this study, we report a method to quantitatively evaluate outer membrane permeability to β-lactams (nitrocefin, mecillinam, cloxacillin) and to a β-lactamase inhibitor (avibactam) by monitoring their entry into outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) produced by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We also show that drug-susceptible bacteria are effectively shielded from β-lactams by OMVs emanating from resistant bacteria that contain a periplasmic β-lactamase captured upon their formation. Altogether, our work provides a comprehensive framework for understanding how antimicrobial molecules interact with bacterial OMVs and how this process contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistance."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Antibacterial Properties of Origanum vulgare and Eucalyptus staigeriana Essential Oils Single or in Combination With Cloxacillin Against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. (PubMed, Chem Biodivers) - "Furthermore, OVEO exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 6.89 ± 0.58 µg/mL). These findings underscore the significance of bioactive compounds with antibacterial potential, although further studies are necessary to evaluate their applicability for managing caseous lymphadenitis."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

A Critical Comparative Review of Analytical Techniques for Cloxacillin and Oxacillin Across Diverse Matrices. (PubMed, Biomed Chromatogr) - "Overall, no single technique is universally optimal, and analytical performance is strongly matrix-dependent. Future perspectives should prioritize the development of hybrid, standardized, and green analytical platforms that balance sensitivity, robustness, and cost-effectiveness, alongside harmonized validation strategies to enable reliable and sustainable monitoring of CLX and OXA in real-world applications."

Journal • Review

Surgical management of neonatal mastitis: case series and literature review. (PubMed, Cir Pediatr) - "Combined medical and surgical treatment is effective in complicated neonatal mastitis. Early diagnosis and a conservative surgical technique are key to achieving a favourable prognosis."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Pediatrics

Antibiofilm, Antimicrobial, and Limited Ammonia-Reduction Activities of Bacillus cereus-Group Isolates From Hot Spring Sediment and Rubber Latex Serum for Aquaculture Water Management. (PubMed, Water Environ Res) - "No inhibition zones were detected for ampicillin or cloxacillin, whereas inhibition zones reached up to 25.33 mm for chloramphenicol. Although both isolates showed multifunctional antimicrobial and bioremediation traits, each displayed β-hemolysis on sheep blood agar-a virulence-associated phenotype that constitutes a clear safety concern. Genome-based screening for hemolysin and enterotoxin genes and antimicrobial resistance determinants, together with in vivo validation, is therefore required before application."

Journal • Hematological Disorders

A review of the randomized clinical trial results from the Staphylococcus aureus network adaptive platform (SNAP) meticillin-susceptible (MSSA) and penicillin-susceptible (PSSA) domains and CloCeBa. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "Current guidelines for the management of meticillin-susceptible Staphyloccocus aureus bloodstream infection/bacteraemia (SAB) recommend intravenous (flu)cloxacillin as the first-line treatment. Cefazolin provides a safer and equally efficacious treatment for SAB. We discuss how this new evidence might be combined with our existing knowledge and the results of the CloCeBa trial to guide us how to appropriately manage our patients."

Clinical • Journal • Review • Acute Kidney Injury • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

LOCAL/2024/CR-03: Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care patients (DALI-2) protocol (clinicaltrialsregister.eu) - P4 | N=200 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Nimes | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Trial initiation date • Critical care • Infectious Disease

Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species in raw beef from abattoir and retailer shops in Nairobi, Kenya. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "The E. coli and Salmonella isolates were 100% (n = 50 and n = 17, respectively) resistant to Ampicillin/cloxacillin, 62% (n = 31) and 82% (n = 14) resistant to Tetracycline, 42% (n = 21) and 47% (n = 8) resistant to Co-trimoxozole, 44% (n = 22) and 58.8% (n = 10) resistant to Erythromycin, 20% (n = 10) and 23.5% (n = 4) resistant to Nalidixic acid, 10% (n = 5) and 23.5% (n = 4) resistant to Chloramphenicol and 12% (n = 6) and 23.5% (n = 4) resistant to Kanamycin, respectively. isolates from raw beef meat. Overall, the outcome of this study regarding antimicrobial-resistant E. coli and Salmonella in beef meat samples presents a significant risk to human and animal health."

Journal

Chemical and visual compatibility of dexmedetomidine injection with parenteral medications used in neonatal intensive care settings. (PubMed, Eur J Hosp Pharm) - "Dexmedetomidine injection was chemically and visually compatible with 42 secondary IV drugs and six PN solutions for up to 4 hours. Dexmedetomidine injection should not be combined via Y-site administration with ibuprofen lysine injection. Due to inconclusive results, combining dexmedetomidine and cloxacillin injections via Y-site administration is not recommended."

Journal • Critical care

Evaluation of Beta-Lactamase-Producing Strains Isolated in a Tertiary Nephrology Hospital in Romania. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "After identification, extensive disk diffusion antibiograms were performed, read, and interpreted, complemented by testing on cloxacillin/oxacillin-supplemented Mueller-Hinton agar. The colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was not assessed, and aztreonam-avibactam was not tested for Enterobacterales...was susceptible only to colistin and seven only to cefiderocol; four A. baumannii were susceptible only to colistin and three only to cefiderocol... Among the evaluated strains, many showed resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes. Furthermore, strains co-producing two carbapenemases were identified."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

β-lactamase-mediated hydrolysis of cloxacillin increases tolerance in Escherichia coli. (PubMed, NPJ Antimicrob Resist) - "Our findings show that β-lactamases bind and hydrolyze cloxacillin, resulting in an increase in MIC when recombinantly expressed in hypersensitive E. coli. These results suggest that cloxacillin, although not clinically active against gram-negative bacteria, may influence the growth of β-lactamase-producing strains, warranting further investigations, specifically of the possible selective effect on ESBL-producing bacteria."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Intensivists' practices and perceptions regarding β-lactam prescribing and monitoring in intensive care units: a cross-sectional survey. (PubMed, Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther) - "Intermittent infusion predominated for cephalosporins (91%), cloxacillin (84%), and piperacillin-tazobactam/meropenem (81%)...Intermittent infusion remains dominant. Practices vary by experience and ICU type, underscoring the need for national protocols, targeted education, and TDM implementation to strengthen stewardship."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Cefazolin for Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. (PubMed, N Engl J Med) - P4 | "In patients with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus bacteremia, cefazolin was noninferior to flucloxacillin or cloxacillin with respect to 90-day mortality and was associated with a lower incidence of acute kidney injury. (Funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council and others; SNAP ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05137119.)."

Clinical • Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Benzylpenicillin versus flucloxacillin or cloxacillin for the treatment of penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SNAP): an international, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. (PubMed, Lancet) - P4 | "Although the prespecified non-inferiority criterion for benzylpenicillin was not met, the probability of benzylpenicillin being non-inferior for mortality, along with a reduction in risk of AKI, indicates that benzylpenicillin should be preferred over flucloxacillin or cloxacillin for treatment of PSSA bacteraemia in adults."

Head-to-Head • Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Antibacterial Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Oil and Its Comparison with Some Antibiotics. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Commercial antibiotic disks containing cloxacillin (5 µg), cefoperazone (75 µg), penicillin (40 µg), and amoxicillin (25 µg) served as a reference. These integrative in vitro and in silico findings provide mechanistic evidence for the traditional use of black cumin oil in treating infections. The results suggest that black cumin oil could be a promising natural antibacterial candidate; however, further toxicological and pharmacokinetic evaluations are required prior to clinical use."

Journal • Infectious Disease

National and regional challenges of antibiotic prescribing patterns in pediatric populations across Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Syst Rev) - "These findings provide a descriptive overview of antibiotic prescribing patterns among pediatric patients in Africa. Given the variability across studies, the results underscore the importance of strengthening antimicrobial stewardship initiatives and promoting the rational use of antibiotics, particularly within the AWaRe framework, to support efforts aimed at mitigating antimicrobial resistance."

Journal • Retrospective data • Pediatrics

PAEDIATRIC INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS: A RARE DISEASE ON THE RISE - NINETEEN YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN A TERTIARY CENTRE (ESPID 2026) - "The most frequently used antibiotics were cloxacillin plus gentamicin (72.4%), and rifampicin (62%). Diagnostic delay remains substantial, emphasizing the need for high clinical suspicion in children with fever of unknown origin and risk factors. PET-CT plays an increasing role in diagnosis and detection of complications."

Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Wound Infection Isolates: High Resistance to Cephalosporins and Penicillin Among Ghanaian Patients in a Cross-Sectional Study. (PubMed, Health Sci Rep) - "Gram-negative isolates were most susceptible to aminoglycosides (Amikacin, Gentamicin), carbapenems (Ertapenem, Imipenem, Meropenem), and Tigecycline, whilst showing high resistance to 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins (Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, and Cefepime, respectively) and Amoxicillin. Gram-positive isolates, including S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci, were most susceptible to Gentamicin, Clindamycin, and Erythromycin, but resistant to 1st- and 2nd-generation cephalosporins (Cefazolin and Cefoxitin respectively), penicillins (Augmentin and Cloxacillin), and Tetracycline...However, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to 2nd generation cephalosporins and penicillin. High resistance to cephalosporins and penicillin calls for the necessity of culture-guided therapy for effective wound infection management."

Journal • Observational data • Infectious Disease

DOUBLE IMMUNE-MEDIATED ADVERSE REACTION IN THE CONTEXT OF ANTIBIOTIC POLYTHERAPY FOR SEPTIC ARTHRITIS SECONDARY TO A PUNCTURE WOUND (ESPID 2026) - "Nevertheless, severe reactions are due to hypersensitivity reactions (HSR), involving skin, bowel, vessels or kidneys requiring removal of drug Case Presentation Summary A 9-year-old boy sustained an accidental right suprapatellar puncture wound caused by a palm-tree branch, complicated by arthritis treated with drainage and cloxacillin/cefotaxime. Progressive worsening led escalating to piperacillin–tazobactam (PPZ-TB) and vancomycin plus joint lavage...Antibiotics were replaced for levofloxacin initiating systemic steroids althought Drug Reaction Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) síndrome wasn´t supported by Allergy consultation...Four months later, the patient experienced an immediate severe cutaneous reaction after receiving ibuprofen and ketamine, being referred to Allergy to study possible HSR, including previous antibiotics...Highlights: complexity of immune reactions in children receiving antibiotics. Needing of allergological specialized..."

Infectious Disease

PCR-BASED METHODS IMPROVE ETIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS IN OSTEOARTICULAR INFECTIONS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (ESPID 2026) - "Mean-antibiotic duration was 31.9 days(range 10-55days); cefuroxime was most used intravenously in children5years. Conclusions/Learning Points The incorporation of PCR-based methods into the diagnostic approach of osteoarticular infections significantly improves etiological identification. Their use as a complement to conventional techniques may enable more targeted antimicrobial therapy and better clinical management of these patients."

Clinical • Infectious Disease