bepecin (BPC-157) / Pliva - LARVOL DELTA

Indigenous Gram-Negative Bacteria as Probiotics for Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). (PubMed, Curr Microbiol) - "In this study, we conducted a 30-day feeding trial on 106 cfu/g of indigenous Gram-negative bacteria Shewanella algae A3 and Serratia marcescens Van80 UB3 as probiotics using post-larval shrimp at stage 10 (PL-10)...Additionally, the expression of growth-related genes, including IGF-1, ecdysteroid, and myosin in the intestines, hepatopancreas, and muscles, was significantly higher in group C (P < 0.05). These findings strongly suggest that enriching the diets of Pacific white shrimp with 106 cfu/g of multi-indigenous Gram-negative bacteria probiotics can significantly improve growth performance, immunity, contribute to sustainable shrimp farming practice, and reduce of antibiotics application in aquaculture."

Journal • Infectious Disease • IGF1

Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study. (PubMed, Altern Ther Health Med) - "Intravenous infusion of up to 20 mg of BPC-157 in 2 healthy adults showed no adverse effects and was well-tolerated. The results of this pilot study showed the safety of BPC-157 in humans. Future studies are also needed to confirm the safety of intravenous BPC-157 in humans."

Journal

Healing or Hype? Systematic Review of BPC-157 in Orthopedic Sports Medicine Applications (AAOS 2025) - "The pleiotropic cytoprotective mechanism of BPC-157 promotes structural and functional recovery in preclinical tendon rupture, ligament tear, muscle tear, and fracture models. Although no adverse effects of BPC-157 were reported in preclinical studies, the in-human safety remains unknown. Due to the lack of high-quality clinical evidence, we caution against the use of BPC-157 by clinicians and athletes."

Review • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Pain • KRAS

Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide-Literature and Patent Review. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "This generated the attention of experts, as BPC 157 has been offered for sale on many websites. We also present recent interest in BPC 157 as reflected in a number of patent applications and granted patents."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Protective Effects of BPC 157 on Liver, Kidney, and Lung Distant Organ Damage in Rats with Experimental Lower-Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. (PubMed, Medicina (Kaunas)) - "Additionally, the evaluation of TAS, TOS, OSI, and PON-1 revealed a statistically significant increase in antioxidant activity in the liver, lung, and kidney tissues of the I/RB group. The findings of this study demonstrate that BPC-157 exerts a significant protective effect against distant organ damage in the liver, kidneys, and lungs following lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Reperfusion Injury • PON1

Editorial Commentary: Testosterone, Growth Hormone, and Vitamin D Supplementation Is Not Routinely Indicated for Orthopaedic Surgery Patients. (PubMed, Arthroscopy) - "A challenge is that patients may request supplementation with TRT and other supplements including vitamin D (which may benefit fracture healing, bone metabolism, muscle recovery, and healing of tendons and wounds) and growth hormones (specifically BPC 157, which may optimize endurance training, metabolism, tissue repair, and surgical recovery). However, TRT and other supplements have risks and may not be indicated. TRT is not recommended for routine use in the perioperative management of orthopedic surgery patients."

Journal • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats. (PubMed, Curr Neuropharmacol) - "In hypokalemia, BPC 157 (administered prophylactically or therapeutically, intraperitoneally or intragastrically) prevented fatal outcomes and addressed furosemide-induced hypokalemia, ECG changes, AV conduction block, ventricular arrhythmias, and skeletal muscle myoclonus. In lithium intoxication, BPC 157 promoted collateral pathway activation, resolved vascular and multiorgan failure, and counteracted advanced Virchow triad conditions and occlusion-like syndromes. Collectively, these findings underscore the therapeutic promise of BPC 157 in managing electrolyte imbalances and warrant further investigation."

Journal • Preclinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hypertension • Movement Disorders • Psychiatry

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy After Surgical Detachment of the Quadriceps Muscle from Its Attachments for Muscle-to-Bone Reattachment in Rats. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "Therefore, to achieve quadriceps muscle-to-bone reattachment, the BPC 157 therapy reversing course acts from the beginning, resolving an otherwise insurmountable deleterious course."

Journal • Preclinical

Genome-Wide Identification, Conservation, and Expression Pattern Analyses of the BBR-BPC Gene Family Under Abiotic Stress in Brassica napus L. (PubMed, Genes (Basel)) - "This study provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the potential biological functions and roles of the BBR-BPC gene family, laying the groundwork for resistance breeding in B. napus."

Journal

Compounded glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight loss: the direct-to-consumer market in Colorado. (PubMed, J Pharm Policy Pract) - "Advertised products included semaglutide (92/93), tirzepatide (40/93), liraglutide (2/93), and retatrutide (1/93). Advertised combination products included B vitamins (8/93), levocarnitine (1/93), mannitol (1/93), BPC-157 (1/93), and glycine (1/93)...This study also identified numerous examples of misleading claims regarding the regulatory status of compounded glucagon-like peptide-1 products. Regulatory action is needed to ensure the benefits of compounded GLP-1 products outweigh the risks."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Inflammatory Arthritis

Influence of lecithin on the digestibility and immunoreactivity of β-conglycinin. (PubMed, Food Res Int) - "Peptidomics and immunoinformatic analysis further confirmed that PL-10 disrupted 18/30, 15/44, and 37/75 epitopes in the α, α', and β subunits of β-conglycinin, respectively. These results suggested that lecithin changed the cleavage preferences of β-conglycinin, and promoted the disruption of allergic epitopes, specifically for the β subunit. The study can contribute to our understanding of the role of lecithin in the digestion properties and immunoreactivity of allergenic protein."

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Effect of BPC-157 on Symptoms in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis: A Pilot Study. (PubMed, Altern Ther Health Med) - "This therapy was successful because all 12 patients scored a 5/5 on the Global Response Assessment. This is the first report of intravesical BPC-157 (10 mg) injection to help patients with moderate to severe interstitial cystitis who did not respond to pentosan polysulfate treatment."

Journal • Inflammation • Interstitial Cystitis • Macular Degeneration • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Retinal Disorders

Injectable therapeutic peptides-an adjunct to regenerative medicine and sports performance? (PubMed, Arthroscopy) - "Very early in vivo research of the pharmacokinetics suggests the possibility of Body Protection Compound 157 (BPC-157) appears to be at the forefront of therapeutic peptides with early demonstration of these experimental peptides optimizing endurance training, metabolism, recovery and tissue repair...However, this has not slowed the recent exponential growth of the multi-billion-dollar industry in development of therapeutic peptides. As orthopaedic surgeons and team physicians, we should stay up-to-date with the latest pharmacokinetic, safety, ethical, and legal profilesregulations regarding synthetic peptide supplementation for injury recovery and sports performance optimization from our elite athletes to our fitness fanatics as these patients will continue to seek the latest and greatest in treatment options and will be approaching us with questions on their results, risks and benefits.."

Journal • Immunology • Orthopedics • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Rheumatology

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Intestinal Anastomoses Therapy in Rats-A Review. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Moreover, the healing of fistulas, both external and internal, colocutaneous, gastrocutaneous, esophagocutaneous, duodenocutaneous, vesicovaginal, colovesical, and rectovaginal in rats, perceived as anastomoses made between two different tissues which are normally not connected, may also be indicative. This may be a particular reconnection of the parts of the gastrointestinal tract to re-establish adequate integrity depending on the tissue involved, given that both various intestinal anastomoses and various fistulas (intestinal and skin were accordingly healed simultaneously as the fistulas disappeared) were all healed."

Journal • Preclinical • Review • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Short Bowel Syndrome

New studies with stable gastric pentadecapeptide protecting gastrointestinal tract. significance of counteraction of vascular and multiorgan failure of occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome in cytoprotection/organoprotection. (PubMed, Inflammopharmacology) - "Since the early 1990s, when Robert's and Szabo's cytoprotection concept had already been more than one decade old, but still not implemented in therapy, we suggest the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as the most relevant mediator of the cytoprotection concept...Here, as concept resolution, we review the counteraction of advanced Virchow triad circumstances by activation of the collateral rescuing pathways, depending on injury, activated azygos vein direct blood flow delivery, to counteract occlusion/occlusion-like syndromes starting with the context of alcohol-stomach lesions. Counteraction of major vessel failure (congested inferior caval vein and superior mesenteric vein, collapsed azygos vein, collapsed abdominal aorta) includes counteraction of the brain (intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage), heart (congestion, severe arrhythmias), lung (hemorrhage), and congestion and lesions in the liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract, intracranial..."

Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cachexia • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Hypotension • Immunology • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Myocardial Infarction • Oncology • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis • Ulcerative Colitis

Novel indigenous probiotic isolated from healthy Pacific White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei intestine in differing stages based on metagenomic and screening approach. (PubMed, Fish Shellfish Immunol) - "The microbiota from intestine of naupli, post larva (PL-10), juvenile (40 days), and adult (80 days) of Pacific white shrimp were characterized using a high-quality sequence of V3-V4 of 16S rRNA gene as the hypervariable region...Three isolates with high activities (P < 0.05) found as novel indigenous probiotics were Shewanella algae A1, Shewanella algae A3, and Vibrio diabolicus UB3. Integrating metagenomic and screening methods was a new signature for the isolating novel indigenous probiotics in Pacific white shrimp."

Journal

The Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Pleiotropic Beneficial Activity and Its Possible Relations with Neurotransmitter Activity. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Furthermore, close BPC 157/NO-system relations with the gasotransmitters crossing the cell membrane and acting directly on molecules inside the cell may envisage particular interactions with receptors on the plasma membrane of their target cells. Finally, there is nerve-muscle relation in various muscle disturbance counteractions, and nerve-nerve relation in various encephalopathies counteraction, which is also exemplified specifically by the BPC 157 therapy application."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders

Duodenocolic fistula healing by pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in rats. A cytoprotection viewpoint. (PubMed, J Physiol Pharmacol) - "Contrary, all BPC 157-treated rats have closed both defects, duodenal and colonic, no fistula leakage (finally, maximal instilled volume corresponds to healthy rats), no cachexia, the same weight as before surgery, no diarrhea, markedly less adhesion formation and intestinal passage obstruction. Thus, BPC 157 regimens resolve the duodenal/colon lesions and duodenocolic fistulas in rats, and rapid vessels recovery appears as the essential point in the implementation of the cytoprotection concept in the fistula therapy."

Journal • Preclinical • Cachexia • Colorectal Cancer • Gastrointestinal Disorder • NOS3

Growth performance, plasma and hepatic biochemistry of jundiá Rhamdia quelen fed dephytinized rice bran protein concentrate. (PubMed, An Acad Bras Cienc) - "The results indicated that fish fed DRBPC15 and DRBPC30 had lower body protein deposition and hepatosomatic index compared to CONTROL diet, respectively...The present study has demonstrated that DRBPC displayed significant nutritional quality for the jundiá. Thus, this new ingredient could be included as a protein source in fish for minimizing the use of fish meal."

Journal

From Selye's and Szabo's Cysteamine-Duodenal Ulcer in Rats to Dopamine in the Stomach: Therapy Significance and Possibilities. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Meanwhile, the beneficial effects of several peptides (i.e., amylin, cholecystokinin, leptin, and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, suggested as an acting mediator of the dopamine brain-gut axis) were included in the dopamine gastric ulcer story...Thereby, along with dopamine agonists' beneficial effects, in special circumstances, dopamine antagonists having their own ulcerogenic effect may act as "mild stress (or)" or "small irritant" counteracting subsequent strong alcohol or stress procedure-induced severe lesions in this particular tissue. Finally, in the conclusion, as a new improvement in further therapy, we emphasized the advantages of the dopamine agents' application in lower gastrointestinal tract therapy."

Journal • Preclinical • Review • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Peptic Ulcer • Stress Ulcer • LEP

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy: Effect on Reperfusion Following Maintained Intra-Abdominal Hypertension (Grade III and IV) in Rats. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "In conclusion, decompression/reperfusion-induced occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome counteracted by BPC 157 therapy in rats is likely for translation in patients. It is noteworthy that by rapidly counteracting the reperfusion course, it also reverses previous ischemia-course lesions, thus inducing complete recovery."

Journal • Preclinical • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Hypotension • Portal Hypertension • Thrombosis

Stable Isotope Labeling-Based Nontargeted Strategy for Characterization of the In Vitro Metabolic Profile of a Novel Doping BPC-157 in Doping Control by UHPLC-HRMS. (PubMed, Molecules) - "Furthermore, a specific method for the detection of BPC-157 and the five main metabolites in human urine was developed and validated with satisfactory detection limits (0.01~0.11 ng/mL) and excellent quantitative ability (linearity: 0.02~50 ng/mL with R > 0.999; relative error (RE)% 90%). The novel metabolic pathway and the in vitro metabolic profile could provide new insights into the biotransformation of BPC-157 and improved targets for doping control."

Journal • Preclinical

Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy for Inferior Caval Vein Embolization: Recovery of Sodium Laurate-Post-Embolization Syndrome in Rats. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "As recovery with BPC 157 therapy commonly and rapidly occurred, reversing the collapsed azygos vein to the rescuing collateral pathway might initiate rapid direct blood delivery and start blood flow reorganization. In conclusion, we suggest BPC 157 therapy to resolve further vascular and embolization injuries."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Hypotension • Thrombosis

Stomach perforation-induced general occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy effect. (PubMed, World J Gastroenterol) - "We revealed stomach perforation as a severe occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome, peripherally and centrally, and rapid counteraction by BPC 157 therapy. Thereby, further BPC 157 therapy may be warranted."

Journal • Anesthesia • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Hypotension • Thrombosis

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157-Possible Novel Therapy of Glaucoma and Other Ocular Conditions. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Furthermore, given in other eye disturbances (i.e., retinal ischemia), BPC 157 instantly breaks a noxious chain of events, both at an early stage and an already advanced stage. Thus, we further advocate BPC 157 as a therapeutic agent in ocular disease."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Corneal Abrasion • Dry Eye Disease • Glaucoma • Hypertension • Hypotension • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology