Omnicef (cefdinir) / Abbott - LARVOL DELTA

Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2018-21 in Tunisia: data based on CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "Few therapeutic options with ≥90% susceptibility for the treatment of S. pneumoniae from CA-RTIs in Tunisia remain. Although H. influenzae isolates displayed higher susceptibility, only ceftriaxone provides 100% coverage for both species following CLSI and EUCAST guidelines. Continued surveillance is important for guiding empiric therapy."

Journal • PK/PD data • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2018-21 in Pakistan: data based on CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "Although antimicrobial resistance was observed, many therapeutic options remain to treat S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae from CA-RTI in Pakistan despite concerns about high levels of inappropriate antibiotic use. Continued surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility is important for guiding empiric therapy of CA-RTIs."

Journal • PK/PD data • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Oncology • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2018-21 in India: data based on CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "Some therapeutic options against S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae from CA-RTI in India remain, but only ceftriaxone covers both bacterial species using both guidelines. Continued surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility is important to monitor changes and trends in susceptibilities and for guiding empiric therapy of CA-RTIs."

Journal • PK/PD data • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Case report of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus in a child, successfully treated with dual β-lactam combination therapy. (PubMed, ASM Case Rep) - "Many regimens use amikacin, which can worsen renal function and cause deafness...Based on predicted synergy testing, the patient was treated with a combination that included meropenem and ceftaroline for the initial intensified intravenous phase, followed by a regimen that included amoxicillin combined with cefdinir for step-down therapy...This case highlights the potential benefit of dual β-lactam therapy for the treatment of M. abscessus infection as a well-tolerated regimen for a difficult-to-treat infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report using this approach for the treatment of M. abscessus peritonitis."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Otorhinolaryngology • Renal Disease

Nutcracker Syndrome in an 11-Year-Old Girl with ADPKD (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "Urinalysis (UA) showed “large amounts of blood and some tissue” for which she was prescribed Cefdinir, and a renal US revealed new renal cysts and enlargement of previous cysts...She was again diagnosed with a UTI and discharged on Cephalexin...In this case, flank pain and hematuria were initially suspected to be caused by an enlarging, infected, or hemorrhagic cyst. Treatment of NCS in patients with ADPKD should involve an individualized approach and may require a lower threshold for more aggressive management, such as endovascular stenting or surgical intervention, as well as closer monitoring to preserve kidney function."

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Polycystic Kidney Disease • Renal Disease

Adverse events associated with third-generation cephalosporins: Analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system database. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "The most reported adverse events of cefotaxime were pain, eosinophilia, and ineffective drugs. Ineffective medication, pyrexia, and sepsis were the most frequently reported adverse effects of ceftazidime. The most reported events of cefdinir were diarrhea, drug hypersensitivity, and rash. The most reported events of ceftriaxone included off-label use, ineffective drugs, and eosinophilia...The most reported adverse events of cefixime included diarrhea, clostridium colitis, and ineffective drugs. This study highlights that gastrointestinal issues, hypersensitivity reactions, and inadequate medication responses are the most commonly reported adverse effects of third-generation cephalosporins. Despite their effectiveness in treating various infections, healthcare professionals must remain vigilant about the potential side effects of these drugs."

Adverse events • Journal • Anorexia • Dermatology • Eosinophilia • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pain • Pruritus • Septic Shock

Prescribing Patterns in Pediatric Cellulitis: A Multi-State Analysis Stratified by Penicillin Allergy Status (ACAAI 2025) - "Results Among 1,051,086 pediatric cellulitis patients, cephalexin was the most prescribed antibiotic (n=398,547; 37.92%), followed by mupirocin and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Of 28,871 patients with documented penicillin allergy, cephalexin (n=8,682; 30.07%) remained most prescribed, followed by TMP-SMX, clindamycin, and cefdinir...Conclusions Despite allergy labels, lower-cost β-lactams like cephalexin were still frequently prescribed, resulting in slightly lower average drug costs in the penicillin-allergic group. These findings support the need for improved allergy documentation, de-labeling strategies, and adherence to evidence-based guidelines to optimize both care quality and cost-effectiveness."

Clinical • Allergy • Dermatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Ulcerative Colitis Unmasked by a Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Case Report (ACG 2025) - "Symptoms began after completing a 7-day course of Cefdinir...There was no prior history of IBD, IBS, celiac disease, or pancreatitis.He initially tested positive for C. difficile and was treated with a 2-week course of oral vancomycin, with only brief symptom improvement...Biopsies showed active colitis with chronic architectural changes.He was started on IV methylprednisolone, transitioned to a prednisone taper, and initiated on vedolizumab...Early colonoscopy is essential when symptoms persist. The patient improved with corticosteroids and vedolizumab, aligning with standard UC therapy.Figure: Colonoscopy images #1Figure: Colonoscopy images #2"

Case report • Clinical • Anemia • Celiac Disease • Colorectal Cancer • Diabetes • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Pancreatitis • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Ulcerative Colitis

Nontyphoid Salmonella-Associated Hepatitis: A Rare Infectious Case (ACG 2025) - "The patient was diagnosed with sepsis secondary to Salmonella hepatitis and was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone 2g for 4 days. His liver enzymes improved, and he was discharged on oral cefdinir 300 mg twice daily for a 7-day course Salmonella is a Gram-negative bacterium primarily transmitted through contaminated food, particularly undercooked meat, eggs, and produce...The patient had a pet chihuahua but no contact with farm animals or turtles, and no recent international travel. This case highlights the rare occurrence of Salmonella-induced hepatitis in an immunocompetent individual and underscores the need for consideration of extraintestinal manifestations in severe Salmonella infections."

Clinical • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Herpes Simplex • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Leukopenia • Septic Shock • Varicella Zoster

DIFFUSE ALVEOLAR HEMORRHAGE IN IGA VASCULITIS: A RARE COMPLICATION AND DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGE (CHEST 2025) - "She was diagnosed with a urinary tract infection and treated with cefdinir and fluconazole...She was given a one-time dose of furosemide along with a steroid taper and referred to both outpatient dermatology and rheumatology...She developed acute kidney injury (AKI); therefore, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was discontinued and replaced with atovaquone...A skin punch biopsy of her rash revealed vasculopathic changes, lumen occlusion, epidermal necrosis, and re-epithelialization.Given her pulmonary-renal syndrome, skin biopsy findings and high clinical suspicion for IgAV, plasmapheresis, and rituximab were promptly initiated while awaiting confirmation with renal biopsy... DAH in adults with IgAV is a severe complication with significant morbidity and mortality; although rare, this can be effectively managed if recognized and treated early. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain a high index of clinical suspicion for IgAV with DAH in patients presenting with pulmonary-renal..."

Acute Kidney Injury • Breast Cancer • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • CNS Disorders • Dermatology • Glomerulonephritis • Infectious Disease • Lupus Nephritis • Multiple Sclerosis • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Solid Tumor • Vasculitis

UNMASKING THE UNCOMMON: CMV PNEUMONIA WITH CAVITARY ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS SUPERINFECTION IN ADVANCED HIV (CHEST 2025) - "Upon presentation, she was being treated for pneumonia and a urinary tract infection with Bactrim, Cefdinir, and Prednisone...The patient was started on Valganciclovir and Voriconazole with prophylactic Atovaquone, clinically improved, and was discharged home...Given the patient's history, the potential overlap of multiple opportunistic infections necessitated a broad-spectrum antimicrobial approach with Voriconazole and Ganciclovir, Atovaquone, and Biktarvy and close monitoring... This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in managing pulmonary infections in immunocompromised individuals. CMV pneumonia, though rare, should be considered in HIV patients with respiratory symptoms and cavitary lung lesions, particularly when other common etiologies are excluded. The presence of co-infections, such as Aspergillus fumigatus, further complicates treatment and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach."

Metastases • Cardiovascular • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Leukopenia • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Embolism • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis • CD4

Development of two methods for detecting Streptococcus mitis/oralis-related species with meropenem-non-susceptibility. (PubMed, J Infect Chemother) - "Media containing 2 μg/mL oxacillin, 4-16 μg/mL cefoxitin, 2 μg/mL cefdinir, 2-4 μg/mL flomoxef, 0.06-0.25 μg/mL meropenem, and 0.06-0.12 μg/mL doripenem allowed selective culture of meropenem-non-susceptible S. mitis/oralis group strains. The disk-diffusion method using six β-lactam-containing disks and selective culture agar medium are the first-reported simple and accurate methods of detecting meropenem-non-susceptible S. mitis/oralis group suitable for use in clinical microbiology laboratories."

Journal

Comparison of Cefdinir and Cephalexin as Step-Down Therapy in Pyelonephritis or Urosepsis. (PubMed, J Pharm Pract) - "Logistic regression revealed no significant variable associations with treatment failure, except for cephalexin use, which was associated with clinic or emergency visit for UTI (r2 = 0.075). Treatment failure rates did not differ between cefdinir and cephalexin; however, patients receiving cephalexin had more unplanned clinic and emergency visits."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Cefdinir Versus Cephalexin for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - "Additionally, patients who experienced treatment failure with cefdinir had a higher incidence of cefazolin nonsusceptible pathogens (cefdinir 37.5% vs cephalexin 0%; P = .024) and ceftriaxone nonsusceptible pathogens (cefdinir 31.2% vs cephalexin 0%; P = .053) on repeat culture. Cefdinir was independently associated with treatment failure with nearly twice as high of failure rate compared with cephalexin for the treatment of outpatient uUTI. Patients who failed treatment with cefdinir were more likely to demonstrate cephalosporin resistance on subsequent urine culture."

Clinical • Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

TYPE B AORTIC DISSECTION COMPLICATED BY ESCHERICHIA COLI-INDUCED AORTITIS (CHEST 2025) - "CASE PRESENTATION: A 53-year-old woman with HIV on darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide presented with chest pain radiating to her back and severe left flank pain...The patient was initially started on ceftriaxone for a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) and transferred to our facility. Previously acquired blood and urine cultures grew E. coli, leading to escalation to cefepime. Despite initial treatment, including antibiotics and tight blood pressure control with IV clevidipine and esmolol, persistent fevers and leukocytosis prompted further investigation.Subsequent CT imaging revealed new inflammatory changes around the false lumen of the infrarenal aorta, raising concern for E. coli-associated aortitis...After stabilization, she was discharged a six-week oral course of cefdinir due to social barriers preventing home IV antibiotic therapy... This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare infectious complications of aortic dissections...."

Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Diabetes • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Respiratory Diseases

TB OR NOT TB: A CASE OF PCR-NEGATIVE, CULTURE-POSITIVE PLEURAL TUBERCULOSIS (CHEST 2025) - "He was started empirically on cefdinir and had a thoracentesis, which yielded 1 L serous fluid... pTB is an underappreciated extrapulmonary presentation of tuberculosis in non-endemic areas. Our case highlights the importance of maintaining high clinical suspicion in select patients even when pleural-fluid TB PCR and culture are negative and the utility of using multiple testing modalities in parallel to make the diagnosis of pTB."

Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Cough • Diabetes • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Improving Antibiotic Stewardship in Suspected Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections: A Quality Improvement Project (AAP-NCE 2025) - "The most prescribed antibiotics were cefdinir (44%) followed by cephalexin (31%). Table 1 shows collected results since project initiation through February 28, 2025. Discontinuation of unnecessary antibiotics rose from 11 to 32% (p=0.019), but still below our goal of 80%. Post-intervention the odds ratio of discontinuing antibiotics in negated UTI cases was 3.74 (1.18-11.9)."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pediatrics

A Characterization of Serum Sickness-Like Reaction Diagnosis in the Pediatric Emergency Department (AAP-NCE 2025) - ""Culprit" antibiotics included amoxicillin (153 [52%]), cefdinir (35 [12%]), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (32, [11%])...Discharge recommendations included ibuprofen (198 [67%]), diphenhydramine (172 [59%]), and cetirizine (97 [33%])... Our retrospective review suggests that features leading to a diagnosis of SSLR are inconsistent and, in many where an antibiotic was cited, rash was the only symptom. The lack of work-up for an underlying viral cause and subsequent antibiotic labeling in the EHR suggest SSLR may be over-diagnosed, and lead to decreased future use of appropriate first-line antibiotics. Education of pediatricians and future studies are needed to prevent the negative impact of true and false diagnosis of SSLR on public health and antibiotic stewardship."

Clinical • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Pediatrics

Sulbactam-durlobactam improves cephalosporin and carbapenem susceptibility and time-kill effect against Mycobacterium abscessus. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "The fold reduction in MICs was as follows: amoxicillin 94, ceftriaxone 103, cefuroxime 69, cefdinir 19, cefalexin 74, imipenem 23, meropenem 37, tebipenem 89, and faropenem 74. We show that sulbactam/durlobactam (Sul/Dur) can improve the kill effect of several β-lactam antibiotics that, otherwise, due to observed high minimum inhibitory concentration, deem ineffective. Based on our findings, we propose imipenem that is already included in the MAB-LD treatment recommendations and ceftriaxone that achieves very high lung concentration, to test with Sul/Dur as a double β-lactam-β-lactamase backbone regimen to advance the therapy for MAB-LD."

Journal • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Cephalexin Versus Cefdinir for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections (IDWeek 2025) - No abstract available

Infectious Disease

Effectiveness of Implementing Hospital Wastewater Treatment Systems as a Measure to Mitigate the Microbial and Antimicrobial Burden on the Environment. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "The residual antimicrobials in the effluent were benzylpenicillin, cefpodoxime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, minocycline, and vancomycin, which were removed by ozone treatment on day 1. In contrast, the removal of ampicillin and cefdinir ranged from 19% to 64% even when combined with UV-LED treatment. Our findings will help to reduce the discharge of ARB and antimicrobials into rivers and maintain the safety of aquatic environments."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Myricetin Potentiates Antibiotics Against Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Disrupting Biofilm Formation and Inhibiting Motility Through FimX-Mediated c-di-GMP Signaling Interference. (PubMed, Biology (Basel)) - "This study evaluated the synergistic effects of myricetin combined with azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, or cefdinir against both standard and drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Hence, myricetin may act as a c-di-GMP inhibitor, reversing biofilm-mediated resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and augmenting antibiotic efficacy. This integrated experimental and computational approach provides a framework for developing anti-virulence and antibiotic combination therapies against recalcitrant Gram-negative pathogens."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 47-day-old male infant: a case report. (PubMed, Front Pediatr) - "Antibiotic therapy (cefoperazone-sulbactam followed by cefdinir) induced regression (1.1 × 0.8 × 1.1 cm at 2 weeks)...This case highlights XGP as a critical differential diagnosis for febrile infants with renal masses. Integration of histopathology, metagenomic sequencing, and prolonged follow-up confirms that focal XGP can be managed successfully with targeted antibiotics, avoiding nephrectomy."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Oncology • Pediatrics • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor • Wilms Tumor

Clinical and Genetic Associations in Cephalosporin-Induced Liver Injury: Insights From the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network. (PubMed, Aliment Pharmacol Ther) - "Cephalosporins can cause self-limited, mixed/cholestatic hepatitis that arises after a short course of therapy with a latency of up to 3 weeks with cefazolin. Cephalosporin-induced liver injury is associated with the HLA-A*02:01 allele, which is linked to more severe liver injury at the onset of illness."

Journal • Fatigue • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Liver Failure • HLA-A

Enhanced LED light driven photocatalytic degradation of Cefdinir using bismuth titanate nanoparticles. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "The findings provide valuable insights into developing innovative photocatalytic materials for the economic remediation of antibiotic-contaminated water sources using eco-friendly LED sources for degradation under visible light for the first time. This would offer a promising solution to mitigate the environmental impact of antibiotic residues."

Journal