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First-line treatment with low-dose ruxolitinib, pirfenidone, and low-dose calcineurin inhibitors leads to significant improvement in patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after allogeneic transplantation (ASH 2025) - "Traditional treatments for BOS rely on glucocorticoids combined with FAM regimens ( fluticasone + azithromycin + montelukast ) and calmodulin phosphatase inhibitors ( CNIs ), but they have limited efficacy with an even lower overall remission rate ( ORR ) and poor prognosis once progression to steroid-refractory cGVHD (SR-cGVHD) is achieved...Methods A retrospective analysis of 14 patients, 11 males and 3 females, with a median age of 19 years (7-54 years), who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation combined with BOS at Henan Cancer Hospital from 2018 to 2025, including 6 cases of mild BOS, 3 cases of moderate BOS, 5 cases of severe BOS, Among them, 6 cases of mild, 3 cases of moderate, and 5 cases of severe BOS were treated with low-dose rucotinib ( 5 mg qd po) combined with piroxicam (200 mg tid po), small-dose CNI (half of the effective therapeutic concentration), and FAM first-line treatment...Conclusions In conclusion, the first-line treatment of BOS..."

Clinical • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Chronic Graft versus Host Disease • Graft versus Host Disease • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

Azelastine-Fluticasone Combination Therapy in Allergic Rhinitis: Current Evidence and Clinical Implications in Children and Adults. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "While a combination intranasal spray of azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate (Aze-Flu) is an established effective treatment for adults with moderate-to-severe AR, the clinical evidence available in the pediatric population is limited. The available evidence supports Aze-Flu as an effective and well-tolerated therapeutic option for children with moderate-to-severe AR, offering superior and faster symptom control than monotherapy and leading to meaningful improvements in quality of life. Future pediatric trials should incorporate validated, child-specific assessment tools to better capture treatment efficacy."

Journal • Review • Allergic Rhinitis • Immunology • Inflammation • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases

Efficacy of different nasal irrigation treatments versus placebo in allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "In addition, hydrogen-rich water [MD: -1.2, 95% CrI (-2.4, 0.10)](SUCRA = 82.58%) and fluticasone [MD: -0.83, 95% CrI (-0.94, -0.71)](SUCRA = 81.49%) also showed significant differences from the placebo...This is conducive to promoting the application and verification of some traditional drugs within the framework of modern medicine. identifier CRD 420251054166."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Allergic Rhinitis • Immunology • Inflammation • Otorhinolaryngology

Adverse events of inhaled corticosteroids in adult patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: pairwise, network and dose-response meta-analyses. (PubMed, BMJ Evid Based Med) - "ICSs are correlated with the escalated risk of pneumonia, oral candidiasis and URTI in adult patients with asthma or COPD, but ICSs could reduce asthma exacerbations and COPD exacerbations. Fluticasone, beclomethasone, budesonide and mometasone are independently linked to certain AEs, and some Emax dose-response relationships are detected.Our findings may help guide individualised ICS use by informing benefit-risk considerations across various formulations and dosing regimens."

Adverse events • Journal • Asthma • Candidiasis • Cataract • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Diabetes • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Ophthalmology • Orthopedics • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Preemptive Intervention in Airflow Obstruction Status Prevents the Development of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Multicenter, Prospective Phase II Study (Chiba AFO-01) (ASH 2023) - "The feasibility study with inhaled fluticasone, azithromycin, and montelukast (FAM) with a brief steroid pulse had been reported, which was well tolerated; however, about one-third were a failure at 6 months, showed efficacy was extremely limited in advanced BOS. From these findings, we hypothesized that close monitoring and early intervention from the diagnosis of AFO using inhaled steroid long-acting β2-agonist budesonide/formoterol fumarate hydrate, clarithromycin, and montelukast (BCM) triplet therapy, could avert the progression to BOS... We revealed the target timeframe for PFT monitoring for early identifying patients at risk for subsequent BOS after allo-SCT. PFT monitoring and therapeutic intervention with BCM therapy for patients with AFO could improve outcomes. The therapeutic intervention from the BOS diagnosis is too late to improve prognosis, and early therapeutic intervention is essential when respiratory function decline is observed, regardless of the..."

Clinical • P2 data • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Chronic Graft versus Host Disease • Graft versus Host Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Swallowed Topical Corticosteroids in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Network Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - " Budesonide orodispersible tablets were the best option for achieving EoE histological remission, but not symptomatic or endoscopic improvement. STC formulations were as safe as placebo or PPI."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Candidiasis • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology

Skeletal muscle dysfunction in severe burns: identification of essential genes and drug discovery. (PubMed, Burns) - "In addition, after molecular docking and ADMET analysis, it was found that the drug fluticasone performed excellently in all aspects. In conclusion, STAT3 was identified as the key target and signal pathway for functional recovery after SMD in burn patients."

Journal • Thermal Injury • CASP3 • CCL2 • IGF1 • IL10 • IL6 • MAPK3 • PPARG • SIRT1

Comparative effectiveness and safety of fluticasone-based versus beclometasone-based single-inhaler triple therapies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population-based cohort study. (PubMed, Int J Clin Pharm) - "This cohort study conducted in an Asian COPD population suggests that fluticasone/umeclidinium/vilanterol may be a preferred initial treatment option over beclometasone/glycopyrrolate/formoterol. While among patients who are able to maintain their therapies for ≥ 90 days, both treatments may demonstrate more comparable effectiveness and safety profiles."

HEOR • Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Prior Nonresponders To Off-label Corticosteroids Can Respond To Budesonide Oral Suspension Treatment for Eosinophilic Esophagitis (ACAAI 2025) - P3 | "We examined whether histologic nonresponders to OLCs responded when switched to budesonide oral suspension (BOS/Eohilia), an FDA-approved, EoE-specific formulation...Patients’ prior use of OLCs (oral viscous budesonide, swallowed fluticasone aerosol and/or systemic [oral] corticosteroids) and histologic response to these treatments (<15 or ≥15 eosinophils per high-power field [eos/hpf]) were obtained from study records...Conclusion A notable proportion of patients responded to BOS, despite prior non-response to OLCs. These findings support BOS as a first-line treatment option for EoE, and also for OLC nonresponders."

Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology

A Peculiar Case Of Unilateral Rhinorrhea (ACAAI 2025) - "She has tried Ipratropium, Azelastine, and Fluticasone nose sprays plus oral antihistamines without relief. The patient was referred to Neurosurgery for additional evaluation and treatment of the CSF leak. Discussion Though rare, CSF leaks can occur in the setting of presumed allergic rhinitis with a pan-positive serum allergy panel; consider it in a patient with unilateral refractory rhinorrhea that is largely positional."

Clinical • Allergic Rhinitis • Immunology • Inflammation

Pediatric idiopathic tracheal stenosis - A scoping review of the literature and case series of an unclassified pathology. (PubMed, Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol) - "PITS is sparsely described in the literature with no existing treatment consensus. We propose a novel treatment regimen that demonstrated remission of disease in this limited case series. The exploration of treatment regimens is a priority in furthering the outcomes for pediatric patients with this unique and rare airway disease."

Journal • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases

Mesenchymal stromal cell infusions of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in children with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (MissionEB): a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover, phase 3 trial with an internal phase 1 dose de-escalation phase. (PubMed, EClinicalMedicine) - "Individuals were excluded if they had received oral or topical corticosteroids for more than 7 consecutive days within 30 days of enrolment into this study, excluding oral viscous budesonide and inhaled fluticasone used as prophylaxis to relieve oesophageal symptoms, an active infection that required treatment with oral or intravenous antibiotics within 7 days of screening, medical history or evidence of active malignancy, the presence of both positive collagen VII ELISA and a positive indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) with binding to the base of salt split skin, administration of MSCs from any source in the previous 9 months and participation in any other interventional trial within 3 months of enrolment into this study...A limitation is that there are no robust validated outcome measures for RDEB. National Research Collaboration Programme, an NHS England and NIHR partnership (NIHR 127963) and Cure EB."

Journal • P1 data • P3 data • Genetic Disorders • Infectious Disease • Oncology

Bloody Eosinophils! Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed and Ulceration Unresponsive to PPI in a Young Male With EGID (ACG 2025) - "His medications included PrEP, amlodipine, citalopram, and naproxen...Treatment consisted of fluticasone and high-dose PPIs. This case emphasizes a rare presentation of EGID as UGIB and highlights the clinical necessity of considering EGID in patients with unexplained gastric and duodenal ulcers...Standard treatments include corticosteroids and PPIs, with PPIs notably effective in reducing eosinophil-driven inflammation. This case reinforces the critical importance of early recognition and management of EGID to optimize patient outcomes."

Cardiovascular • Eosinophilia • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Fatigue • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hypertension • Immunology • Inflammation • Peptic Ulcer

The Perfect Storm: Lymphocytic Esophagitis in an HIV-Positive Patient (ACG 2025) - "The patient was restarted on omeprazole 40 mg daily and swallowed fluticasone, leading to significant symptom improvement. This case underscores LyE as an underrecognized esophageal condition, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Dilation effect visualized on the right panel.Figure: Figure 2 - Endoscopic images at time of current presentation: Recurrence of proximal esophageal stricture (left panel) which was dilated with Maloney 44F, 48F and 52F with dilation effect. There was a mucosal rent revealed post-dilation (right panel)."

Clinical • Candidiasis • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Fibrosis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation

Real-World Dupilumab Initiation and Endoscopic Outcomes in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Experience From a Tertiary Care Center (ACG 2025) - "The cohort (n=42) was 50 percent male with a median BMI of 28 (IQR 22–31). Median age at EoE diagnosis was 21 (15–37) and 26 (20–42) at dupilumab initiation. All had failed prior therapies: PPIs (93%), dietary therapy (64%), fluticasone (67%), budesonide (9.5%), and oral steroids (12%)."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology

Endoscopic and Histologic Efficacy of Dupilumab: A Real-World Retrospective Case Series (ACG 2025) - "Pre-dupilumab management for EoE included viscous budesonide (64%) and inhaled fluticasone (7%), which were discontinued post-dupilumab. A total of 14 patients were included of which 93% were non-Hispanic Caucasians and 64% were male. The median age at EoE diagnosis was 37 years (23–44), the median time from diagnosis to dupilumab initiation was 49 months (29–111), and the median time of dupilumab exposure was 369 days (189–642). Asthma was the most common atopic comorbidity (57%) while 29% had no atopic comorbidity."

Real-world • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Asthma • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Respiratory Diseases • IL13 • IL4

Dupilumab Increases Esophageal Diameter in 2 Patients With Refractory Fibrostenotic Eosinophilic Esophagitis (ACG 2025) - "He continued to have daily symptoms despite fluticasone 880 mcg twice daily and omeprazole 40 mg daily...He had been compliant with swallowed budesonide 1 mg twice daily in addition to omeprazole 40 mg daily...The esophagus has a diameter of 17-18 mm. EREFS score 2."

Clinical • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology

Lichenoid Esophagitis Presentation in a Patient (ACG 2025) - "The patient is advised to continue pantoprazole twice daily and sucralfate daily.The patient continues to have recurrent dysphagia and food impaction over the next year...The patient is advised to take pantoprazole with fluconazole twice daily, two fluticasone puffs twice daily, and to follow up with dermatology. Lichenoid esophagitis is a rare diagnosis that presents with dysphagia, esophageal strictures, and Civatte bodies on pathology. The pathophysiology and treatment options should be discussed with affected patients. Treatment options include endoscopic dilation and topical steroids."

Clinical • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Inflammation • Lichen Planus

Lymphocytic Esophagitis: Intermittent Dysphagia Masquerading as Untreated Eosinophilic Esophagitis (ACG 2025) - "Repeat EGD 8 weeks later noted numerous concentric rings and distal esophageal narrowing and biopsy showing acute and chronic inflammation with yeast and fungal forms suggestive of candidal esophagitis; patient was started on budesonide and fluconazole and presented with recurrent candidiasis and resolved lymphocytic esophagitis on follow-up EGD and biopsy...Symptomatic treatment has been noted with PPI use, topical steroids such as fluticasone, and esophageal dilation in patients with more prominent esophageal strictures. In addition, immune-mediated diseases such as celiac, Crohn's disease, and in our patient's unique case RA are increasingly found to be associated with the disease. Figure: EGD with numerous concentric rings and linear furrows"

Candidiasis • Celiac Disease • Crohn's disease • Eosinophilia • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

Comparative Effectiveness of PPI Plus Budesonide, Fluticasone, or Dupilumab in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Implications for Quality Improvement in Health Care Delivery (ACG 2025) - "Histologic remission was achieved in 84% of patients receiving PPI + budesonide, 66% with PPI + fluticasone, and 88% with PPI + dupilumab (p = 0.002). Symptom resolution rates were higher in the budesonide (86%) and dupilumab (90%) groups versus fluticasone (68%) (p = 0.001). Time to symptom resolution was shortest in the dupilumab group (mean 6.2 weeks), compared to 9.4 weeks with budesonide and 10.2 weeks with fluticasone (p < 0.001)."

HEOR • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology

Effectiveness of indacaterol/glycopyrronium/mometasone for refractory asthmatic cough after switching from inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist therapy. (PubMed, J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob) - "In this multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study, 118 patients were randomized to receive either IND/GLY/MF or high-dose ICS/LABA (fluticasone/vilanterol [FF/VI] or budesonide/formoterol [BUD/FM]) for 8 weeks. Symptoms improved comparably between medium-dose IND/GLY/MF and high-dose ICS/LABA combinations, although no superiority could be demonstrated. Medium-dose IND/GLY/MF may be an alternative to high-dose ICS/LABA."

Journal • Asthma • Cough • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

BIOLOGIC VS INHALED THERAPY: EFFICACY AND ECONOMIC INSIGHTS IN SEVERE EOSINOPHILIC ASTHMA (CHEST 2025) - "Adult patients (aged 18 years and older) with severe persistent asthma were identified using diagnostic criteria and laboratory thresholds (eosinophils $0.15 and a forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio of at least 70 percent) Cohort 1 included 836 patients treated with biologic agents—omalizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab, tezepelumab, or mepolizumab. Cohort 2 comprised 798 patients managed with standard inhaled therapies such as formoterol, salmeterol, budesonide, fluticasone, and montelukast... The non-significant difference in exacerbation rates indicates that biologic therapy did not clearly reduce asthma exacerbations compared with standard therapy. However, this finding does not imply equivalent efficacy, as biologic may be reserved for sicker patients. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these observations."

Clinical • Asthma • Cardiovascular • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Immunology • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • IL13 • IL4 • IL5

BEYOND CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME: RECOGNIZING CAR-T-INDUCED PNEUMONITIS (CHEST 2025) - "Her medical history included a left iliac vein thrombus for which she was on enoxaparin. She was on prophylactic pentamidine, acyclovir, fluconazole, and levetiracetam for seizure prophylaxis related to neurotoxicity. To mitigate pulmonary toxicity, she was also receiving inhaled fluticasone, azithromycin, and montelukast...She was admitted for early-onset cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and treated with intravenous fluids, tocilizumab, and dexamethasone. On hospital day 3, she developed neutropenia and was started on cefepime...By hospital day 5, she was afebrile for 48 hours with improving inflammatory markers and was discharged home with prophylactic levofloxacin...She was started on intravenous methylprednisolone (1g BID) for suspected CAR-T-associated pneumonitis...In early-phase trials of LYL797, lung toxicity was more frequently observed in TNBC than NSCLC... CAR-T-associated pneumonitis remains an underrecognized and underreported complication, primarily..."

Cytokine release syndrome • IO biomarker • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia • Breast Cancer • Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Hematological Malignancies • Hypotension • Inflammation • Leukemia • Lung Cancer • Lymphoma • Neutropenia • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Embolism • Solid Tumor • Triple Negative Breast Cancer • ROR1

TUSSIVE SYNCOPE IN A PATIENT WITH INFLUENZA B AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (CHEST 2025) - "After testing positive for Influenza B, he was prescribed oseltamivir. He was advised to continue his COPD medications, including triple therapy (fluticasone, umeclidinium, vilanterol) and ipratropium/albuterol inhalers...He returned to his primary care provider 3 days later, who started him on amoxicillin-clavulanate, benzonatate, and prednisone...He was treated with budesonide and albuterol nebulizers, tiotropium/olodaterol inhaler, IV methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine plus hydrocodone, and azithromycin... Patients with influenza and comorbidities such as COPD and coronary artery disease should be assessed for signs of syncope, particularly in those with prolonged and intense coughing episodes. Additionally, patient education and close monitoring are crucial to reduce the risk of fall-related injuries."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Chronic Cough • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Coronary Artery Disease • Cough • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Hypertension • Hypotension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Orthopedics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Nasal saline irrigation with azelastine-fluticasone nasal spray in moderate-to-severe persistent allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled trial. (PubMed, Front Allergy) - "The experimental group received nasal saline irrigation combined with azelastine-fluticasone (Aze-Flu) nasal spray, and the control group was treated with azelastine nasal spray and fluticasone nasal spray. This combination therapy could be a valuable option in primary care settings. http://www.medicalresearch.org.cn, identifier (MR-32-23-044661)."

Clinical • Journal • Allergic Rhinitis • Conjunctivitis • Immunology • Inflammation • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology