cilostazol / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Precision medicine in Moyamoya vasculopathy. (PubMed, Curr Opin Neurol) - "Systematic integration of genotypic and multiomic profiling with hemodynamic assessment could enhance prognostic precision, optimize surgical timing, and guide antiplatelet selection in Moyamoya. Next step priorities include studying ethnically diverse multicenter registries and rigorous trials evaluating targeted and regenerative therapeutic strategies. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided diagnosis and individualized revascularization strategies remain the clinical standard."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Pediatrics • Vascular Neurology • ACTA2

Cilostazol Contributes to Risk Reduction of Stroke Recurrence without Mediating a Reduction of Blood Pressure: Results from CSPS.com. (PubMed, J Atheroscler Thromb) - "Our results indicate that cilostazol reduced stroke recurrence without lowering SBP, likely through other pleiotropic pathways."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Ticagrelor plus aspirin versus cilostazol plus aspirin in the acute-phase treatment of large-vessel minor stroke or TIA: a randomized controlled multi-center trial, the TACTIS trial. (PubMed, Int J Stroke) - P3 | "IntroductionLarge-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke represents around one-third of all ischemic strokes; moreover, patients with symptomatic intracranial or extracranial arterial stenosis are at increased risk of stroke occurrence and early stroke recurrence.Several trials have evaluated the potential role of ticagrelor in ischemic stroke, SOCRATES trial which showed that ticagrelor was not superior to aspirin in decreasing the risk of stroke, heart attack, or death at 90 days in patients with minor ischemic stroke or TIA.When cilostazol was compared with aspirin and ticlopidine, it showed a comparable ability to inhibit platelet reactivity and aggregation to that produced by ticlopidine and aspirin. Additionally, cilostazol was associated with fewer hemorrhagic side effects.In Egypt, the monthly cost of cilosatzol 100 mg Bid is approximately half that of ticagrelor 90 mg Bid, making it a potentially cost-effective antiplatelet agent, especially in a country..."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Giant Cell Arteritis • Hematological Disorders • Ischemic stroke • Myocardial Infarction

Curcumin in the Treatment of Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review with a Focus on Drug Interactions. (PubMed, Antioxidants (Basel)) - "The curcumin-drug interactions reviewed were: -piperine, -epigallocatechin gallate, -losartan, -ginkgolide B, -rosuvastatin, -insulin, -cilostazol, and -ginger. These interactions improve curcumin bioavailability, and synergistic anti-inflammatory/antioxidant/antifibrotic and renoprotective effects. Future research should prioritize large-scale clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of curcumin in diverse KD populations."

Journal • Review • Diabetic Nephropathy • Fibrosis • Immunology • Inflammation • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Administration of Cilostazol Mitigates Learning and Memory Disturbance in a Rat Model of Amnesia by Modifying Cholinergic Function and Neuroinflammation. (PubMed, Mol Neurobiol) - "To investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of Cil, oral treatment with Cil and donepezil (DNP, positive control) was administered over three weeks. Additionally, Cil and DNP elevated hippocampal levels of sulfhydryl groups (P = 0.01-P"

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Inflammation • CHRM1 • IL1B • TNFA

Cilostazol in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=50 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Tanta University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Hepatology • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

CAPTAIN: Cilostazol for Preventing Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=316 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Beijing Tiantan Hospital

New P3 trial • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Potential for multidrug combination therapy in patients with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade V subarachnoid hemorrhage. (PubMed, Neurosurg Rev) - "This study aimed to investigate whether any of the drugs currently used in Japan, where nimodipine is not approved, are effective for WFNS grade V SAH patients...Multivariate analyses revealed that pre-onset mRS 1-2, admission modified Fisher grade 4, ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm, acute hydrocephalus, and older age were independently associated with poor outcomes, while combination drug therapy with fasudil hydrochloride (Rho-kinase inhibitor) + cilostazol (phosphodiesterase type III inhibitor) + eicosapentaenoic acid (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid) or clazosentan (endothelin receptor subtype A antagonist) + cilostazol was the only independent determinant of good outcomes. The combination drug therapies were also independent inhibitors of delayed cerebral infarction (non-iatrogenic cerebral infarction on computed tomography after SAH), but not of cerebral vasospasm (≥ 50% angiographic vasospasm of a major cerebral artery) and rescue therapy (endovascular..."

Journal • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage • Ventriculomegaly

Cilostazol in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=50 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Tanta University

New P1/2 trial • Hepatology • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Mendelian randomization reveals the causal links between miRNAs and rheumatoid arthritis. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "Conversely, hsa-miR-204-5p was predicted to influence the AMPK, cGMP-PKG, and cAMP signaling pathways via ceRNAs like NEAT1 and NORAD, affecting key proteins such as BCL2, SIRT1, and HMGA2, with cilostazol, melatonin, and curcumin identified as potential modulators. This study provides novel causal evidence implicating hsa-miR-130a-3p and hsa-miR-204-5p in RA pathogenesis. These findings highlight their potential as circulating biomarkers for early diagnosis and risk assessment, as well as therapeutic targets for miRNA-based intervention strategies, thereby offering valuable insights for advancing precision medicine in RA management."

Biomarker • IO biomarker • Journal • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • BCL2 • HMGA2 • MIR130A • MIR204 • NEAT1 • NORAD • PPARG • SIRT1 • TGFB1 • TGFBR1

Antiplatelet therapy trends in Chinese ischemic stroke patients 2019-2024. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Ticagrelor and indobufen showed rapid growth (both P < 0.001). Significant economic variations were observed: aspirin had the lowest DDC (¥0.57/DDD), while clopidogrel (¥3.60/DDD) and ticagrelor (¥6.61/DDD) decreased post-national centralized volume-based procurement policy (P < 0.001)...Cilostazol demonstrated 104% regional DDC variation (Shenyang ¥16.96/DDD vs. Harbin ¥8.29/DDD). Antiplatelet prescription counts in Chinese IS patients increased in the past five years, with aspirin remaining the most widely used and cost-effective option. The treatment landscape shows "traditional drug dominance with new drug growth", marked by significant economic and regional variations, necessitating guideline-aligned and policy-informed optimization of medication strategies."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Dual antiplatelet therapy guided by CYP2C19 polymorphism after intracranial or extracranial stenting: A single-center retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, J Clin Neurosci) - "CYP2C19 genotype- DAPT significantly reduces the risk of ischemic stroke within 90 days after intracranial or extracranial stenting. For CYP2C19 loss-of-function allele carriers, ticagrelor plus aspirin offers a more effective antithrombotic effect compared to cilostazol plus aspirin, albeit with a higher risk of manageable bleeding events. An individualized strategy is recommended: ticagrelor should be prioritized for ischemic prevention in most patients, while cilostazol represents a safer alternative for those at very high bleeding risk."

Journal • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke • CYP2C19

Cilostazol and Pentoxifylline Effect on Cognitive Dysfunctions in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases - A Systemic Review of Clinical Evidence (AHA 2025) - "CLZ has more data linking to reduced dementia and stroke risk, while PTX shows strong anti-inflammatory benefits. If confirmed by future trials, both therapies could be integrated into guidelines as adjuncts for selected patients."

Clinical • Review • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Alzheimer's Disease • Atherosclerosis • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Cardiovascular • Cognitive Disorders • Dementia • Hematological Disorders • Psychiatry • CRP • IL10 • TNFA

Cilostazol or canagliflozin mitigates Cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity by modulating the STAMP2-mTOR-AMPK signaling pathway and autophagy in a rat model. (PubMed, Biomed Pharmacother) - "These previous beneficial effects of CLZ and CGF could be due to modulation of the STAMP2-mTOR-AMPK signaling pathway, resulting in improvement of glomerular and tubular degeneration, LC3-II immunohistochemical expression, and histomorphometric parameters. Our study adds some experimental proof that CLZ and CGF could be effective alternatives for mitigating the nephrotoxicity in patients receiving Cyclosporine A therapy for autoimmune disorders or after solid organ transplants."

Journal • Preclinical • Immunology • Inflammation • Renal Disease • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation

THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF CILOSTAZOL AND GINKGO BILOBA ON COGNITIVE DECLINE IN SMALL VESSEL DISEASE WITHOUT ACUTE INFARCTION (WSC 2025) - "This case highlights that cognitive and speech deterioration can occur independently of new ischemic lesions in CSVD. The cilostazol/Ginkgo biloba combination demonstrated potential therapeutic benefit, likely through modulation of amyloid burden and support of protein homeostasis. These findings suggest a role for non-conventional, neuroprotective therapies in vascular cognitive impairment without acute infarction."

Alzheimer's Disease • Cognitive Disorders • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Ischemic stroke

The Emerging Role of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors in Fragile X Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "BPN14770 (a PDE4 inhibitor) has shown promising efficacy in FXS patients while cilostazol, pentoxifylline, resveratrol, and luteolin have showed improvements in children with ASD. However, challenges such as isoform-specific targeting, optimal therapeutic window, and timing of intervention remain. Collectively, these findings highlight PDE inhibition as a novel therapeutic avenue with the potential to restore cognitive and socio-behavioral functions in ASD and FXS, for which effective targeted treatments remain unavailable."

Journal • Review • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Fragile X Syndrome • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • FMR1

Mechanism of Action and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pestalotioquinol A, a Fungus-Derived Cytoprotective Compound. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "Cilostazol targeting EF1α1 displayed cytoprotective activity similar to pesA...In an inflammatory bowel disease model mice, pesA significantly suppressed colon shortening and ameliorated total histopathological scores. PesA could help elucidate RNS-related events and serve as a lead compound for developing anti-inflammatory agents."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease

COMPARISON OF THE PREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS AND VONOPRAZAN ON DELAYED BLEEDING AFTER GASTRIC ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION (UEGW 2025) - "Before 2019, patients received intravenous omeprazole 20 mg in the morning and evening on the day of ESD and the day after. Thereafter, esomeprazole 20 mg was administered orally once daily, which was continued for generally 28 days (defined as the PPI group)...Matching was based on nine covariates associated with DB rates for gastric ESD, including whether patients were taking warfarin, directly acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC), P2Y12 receptor antagonist, aspirin, or cilostazol; whether it was CKD with haemodialysis, a tumour size >30 mm, lower-third in tumour location and presence of multiple tumours... Though further prospective studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions, it was suggested that the easily administered oral VPZ can be an important option for acid suppression after gastric ESD."

Chronic Kidney Disease • Gastric Cancer

VERTEBRAL ARTERY DISSECTION-INDUCED RECURRENT STROKE AND TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK: A CASE REPORT (WCN 2025) - "Second time with a new left medulla infarction, prompting a change to aspirin and cilostazol... This patient's recurrent strokes and TIAs despite various antiplatelet therapies highlight the complexity of managing VAD-related stroke. Given his history, indefinite anticoagulation with rivaroxaban and aspirin was chosen, with continued monitoring for long-term outcomes."

Case report • Clinical • CNS Disorders

Prognostic factors in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage during the clazosentan era: a multicenter study using multivariate analyses and machine learning model. (PubMed, Neurosurg Rev) - "Clinical status at aSAH onset and age are uncontrollable factors; therefore, improving prognosis requires targeted prevention of DCI and effective management of brain edema. The administration of therapies such as clazosentan, cilostazol, and statins may contribute to favorable outcomes."

Biomarker • Clinical • Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Comparison of Triple Antiplatelet (Aspirin, Clopidogrel, and Cilostazol) and Modified Dual Antiplatelet (Aspirin and Low-Dose Prasugrel) Therapy in Patients With High On-Treatment Platelet Reactivity Undergoing Stent-Assisted Coil Embolization for an Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. (PubMed, Neurosurgery) - "Among patients with HTPR who underwent stent-assisted coil embolization for an unruptured intracranial aneurysm, there was no significant difference between the TAT and MDAT groups regarding the risk of all bleeding events and thromboembolic events during the 90 days of follow-up."

Clinical • Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Vascular Neurology

CLARITY-Africa: CiLostAzol for pReventIon of Recurrent sTroke in Africa (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=1100 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Northern California Institute of Research and Education | Initiation date: Aug 2025 ➔ Dec 2025

Trial initiation date • Cardiovascular

Hemorrhagic cardiac tamponade complicating myocardial infarction in a hemodialysis patient with essential thrombocythemia: A case report. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "This case exemplifies the complex challenges of managing thrombotic and hemorrhagic risks in ET patients with cardiovascular disease and renal impairment, highlighting the necessity for tailored therapeutic strategies and further research."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia • Coronary Artery Disease • Essential Thrombocythemia • Hematological Disorders • Myeloproliferative Neoplasm • Myocardial Infarction • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Thrombocytosis • Ventricular Tachycardia

Essential Thrombocythemia's Role in the Complex Landscape of Vasculitis: A Case Report. (PubMed, Clin Case Rep) - "The patient received prednisolone at a dosage of 1 mg/kg and azathioprine concurrently with hydroxyurea, aspirin, cilostazol, and sildenafil. The main takeaway lesson from this atypical manifestation highlights the wide range of clinical manifestations associated with ET and encourages further investigation into the complex relationship between thrombocythemia and vasculitis processes. As we delve deeper into these distinct presentations, we gain a more comprehensive understanding of the diverse aspects of ET pathology."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Essential Thrombocythemia • Hematological Disorders • Myeloproliferative Neoplasm • Oncology • Pain • Thrombocytosis • Vasculitis • CALR • JAK2

From Gene Networks to Therapeutics: A Causal Inference and Deep Learning Approach for Drug Discovery. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Our compound screening identified several promising candidates, such as Telaglenastat (GLS1 inhibitor), Merestinib (MET kinase inhibitor), and Cilostazol (PDE3 inhibitor), with significant inverse correlation with the IPF-specific gene signature. This study demonstrates the utility of combining causal inference and deep learning for drug discovery. Our framework identified novel gene targets and therapeutic candidates for IPF, offering a scalable strategy for phenotype-driven drug discovery and repurposing."

Journal • Cognitive Disorders • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • CRABP2