alprazolam / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Need for Medication Review and Deprescribing in People Living with HIV: A Longitudinal Observational Study. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Four were DDIs: cobicistat/alprazolam associated with sedation and dyspnoea, rilpivirine/hydroxychloroquine with QT prolongation, bictegravir/ursodeoxycholic acid with rising viremia, and atorvastatin/fenofibrate with myalgia...After medication review, alprazolam was replaced with zolpidem, rilpivirine-based HAART with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, and atorvastatin/fenofibrate with simvastatin/ezetimibe, and ursodeoxycholic acid and supplements were discontinued... This study highlights the importance of predicting DDIs/DSIs in PLWH undergoing polypharmacy. Medication review supports clinical decision-making, preventing avoidable adverse outcomes."

Journal • Observational data • Anesthesia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Pulmonary Disease

Synaptic Adaptations in the Amygdala During Alprazolam Withdrawal: Insights from a Female Rat Model of Benzodiazepine Withdrawal. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Dopamine and serotonin levels remained unchanged, whereas D1 receptor levels were transiently reduced during 36 h withdrawal. The discontinuation of ALP was further associated with temporally selective dendritic spine remodeling, characterized by an early, sustained reduction in branched spine density, a transient increase in filopodia at 36 h, and a reduction in total spine density at 96 h. These findings demonstrate that ALP withdrawal leads to coordinated neurochemical, molecular, and structural remodeling within the amygdala, involving both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic compartments."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • SLC2A1

Roemheld Syndrome in a Young Adult With Barrett's Esophagus and Grade III Hiatal Hernia: Recognition, Diagnosis, and Durable Surgical Resolution of an Underdiagnosed Gastrocardiac Syndrome (ACG 2026) - "Medications: alprazolam 0.25 mg as needed, pantoprazole 40 mg daily. Post-procedural erythematous mucosa at plication site. Complete and durable Roemheld syndrome resolution confirmed at 15-month follow-up."

Clinical • Barrett Esophagus • CNS Disorders • Eosinophilic Esophagitis • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hypotension • Immunology • Mental Retardation • Rare Diseases

Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy as a Novel Treatment for Refractory Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Case Series (ACG 2026) - "He had previously failed treatment with as-needed loperamide, psyllium fiber, amitriptyline, alprazolam, and cognitive behavioral therapy...She had previously attempted a low-FODMAP and gluten-free diet, and had failed trials of an antispasmodic, psyllium fiber, and desipramine...By modulating central sensitization and the gut-brain axis, KAP may address both the visceral hypersensitivity and psychological comorbidities inherent to IBS. This case series represents the first report highlighting KAP as a potential therapy for refractory IBS, while more trials are currently underway."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Depression • Diabetes • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hypertension • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Benzodiazepines use in primary care England: Prescribing patterns and adverse consequences. (PubMed, Br J Clin Pharmacol) - "Benzodiazepine prescribing in England continues to decline, reflecting successful deprescribing policies. However, increasing specialist use, persistent inequities, and drug-specific safety and cost concerns highlight the need for cautious prescribing, enhanced pharmacovigilance and equitable access."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Pharmacist-Led Opioid and Benzodiazepine Stewardship to Optimize Discharge Prescribing and Improve CMS-506 eCQM Performance on a Post-Surgical Unit (PAINWeek 2026) - "As needed hydrocodone-acetaminophen and tramadol were the most common opioids removed at 28% and 24%, respectively. The most common benzodiazepines removed included lorazepam (5%) and alprazolam (4%)... In 2025, 4105 out of 19455 encounters met CMS numerator criteria. Out of 2102 numerator encounters with complete discharge prescription data available, 71.5% involved medications continued from home. Preliminary discharge-pattern review showed 1279 encounters (60.8%) with an immediate-release opioid plus benzodiazepine, 523 (24.9%) with two or more short-acting opioids, 190 (9%) with extended-release/immediate-release opioid combinations, and 77 (3.7%) with extended-release/immediate-release opioids plus benzodiazepines."

CNS Disorders • Substance Abuse

Mechanistic Elucidation of the Acidic Hydrolysis of Triazolobenzodiazepines: Integration of Kinetic, Thermodynamic, and Quantum Chemical Analyses. (PubMed, Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)) - "In this study, the degradation behavior and reaction mechanisms of triazolobenzodiazepines (TBZDs)-alprazolam (ALZ), triazolam, and etizolam-in artificial gastric juice were investigated...These analyses indicated that protonation enhances the electrophilicity of the azomethine carbon, facilitating nucleophilic attack by water. These findings demonstrate that electronic structure analysis based on quantum chemical calculations provides valuable mechanistic insight into the hydrolysis of TBZDs under acidic conditions and may contribute to the rational assessment of chemical stability in future drug development."

Journal

Abuse Potential of Oral Gabapentin in Healthy, Non-Drug-Dependent Individuals With Recreational Sedative Drug Use Experience (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=44 | Completed | Sponsor: Viatris Inc. | Recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion

Acute toxic leucoencephalopathy following protonitazene ingestion. (PubMed, Br J Clin Pharmacol) - "These cases describe a trio of local protonitazene poisonings that were associated with the development of acute toxic leucoencephalopathy. Prognosis was poor but variable, with a correlation between radiological severity and neuroprognostication."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders

Smart Additive-Manufactured Humanoid Electronic-Skin Model Based One-Drop-Touch Electrochemical Sensing of the Alprazolam Drug. (PubMed, ACS Appl Bio Mater) - "This humanoid e-skin aptasensor showed adequate performance by estimation of cross-reactivity and spiked analyte concentrations in beverages. It is envisaged that humanoid e-skin electrochemical sensors are anticipated to significantly impact future healthcare by providing continuous, non-invasive monitoring and promoting a transition from traditional blood-based diagnostics to decentralized, personalized, and remote diagnostic systems."

Journal

A SHAP-Informed Formal Feature Attribution Framework for Drug-Drug Interaction Risk in Large-Scale Claims Data. (PubMed, Clin Transl Sci) - "FFA flagged 115 synergistic pairs and 312 high-confidence triplets (e.g., furosemide + hydrochlorothiazide + lisinopril; digoxin + furosemide + amiodarone, IE = 8.7). Top Intervention Rate drugs included simvastatin, furosemide, and alprazolam. Moderate preventive Z-code monitoring (Q2) was protective (OR = 0.25; 95% CI 0.18-0.34) versus no monitoring, while fragmented high-intensity monitoring (Q4) was not. The framework prioritizes medication combinations for pharmacist review in claims data; it does not replace pharmacokinetic confirmation or prove that changing a drug caused fewer ED visits."

Journal

LC-MS/MS analysis of benzodiazepine residues in the wastewater of metropolitan areas in the Southeastern U.S. | Poster Board #1122 (ACS-Fall 2026) - "Using UHPLC coupled to QqQ Mass Spectrometry, 4 residues (alprazolam, α-OH-alprazolam, Nordiazepam, and Temazepam) were detected and quantified in the range from .0013ng/mL – .1 ng/mL. Based on average dosages of each drug, alprazolam is the most prominent prescription drug in all cases. This paper details the first regional sewage-based epidemiological study of benzodiazepine usage trends in the Southeastern U.S."

CNS Disorders

Abuse Potential of Oral Gabapentin in Healthy, Non-Drug-Dependent Individuals With Recreational Sedative Drug Use Experience (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=48 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Viatris Inc.

New P4 trial

Effects of Etifoxine and Alprazolam on Pregnenolone, Cortisol, and 18-kDa Translocator Protein in Healthy Men: A Placebo-Controlled Study. (PubMed, Pharmacopsychiatry) - "Etifoxine administration was associated with a decrease in peripheral plasma pregnenolone. Taken together, however, plasma pregnenolone levels do not seem to reflect etifoxine binding to 18-kDa translocator protein and central anxiolytic mechanisms in humans."

Clinical • Journal • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

A prelimbic cortex-lateral hypothalamus circuit regulates acquisition of alprazolam-induced conditioned place preference in male mice. (PubMed, Acta Pharmacol Sin) - "Activation of PrLCaMKⅡα-LH circuit failed to produce real-time place preference. In summary, our results indicate that PrL glutamatergic neurons and the PrL-LH circuit regulate Alp-induced reward memory formation, providing a foundation for elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying Alp addiction."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Data Collection and Management for AI-Based Pharmaceutical Formulation Development: A Comprehensive Review. (PubMed, Curr Pharm Des) - "AI-RWD integration advances ADR detection and personalized safety, despite generative AI risks in SUD management. Future success demands validated LLMs, FHIR/blockchain infrastructure, and clinician collaboration for comprehensive, equitable pharmacovigilance."

Journal

Rapid Authenticity Testing of Alprazolam and Oxycodone Tablets Using Cloud-Based Portable Near-Infrared Technology. (PubMed, Anal Chem) - "Taking the falsified tablet as the positive class, PLS-DA achieved 99.4% sensitivity and 100% specificity, while one-class SIMCA achieved 100% sensitivity and 98.2% specificity. The method delivers a definitive CWA versus NCWA decision in under 1 min without sample preparation, offering law enforcement, customs, forensic laboratories, and harm-reduction services a first-line tool to triage high-risk falsified opioids and benzodiazepines."

Journal

Rapid Symptom Reduction Following Intramuscular Ketamine in Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case Report. (PubMed, Case Rep Psychiatry) - "Despite ongoing management by an independent telepsychiatrist, the patient reported no symptom relief from her prescribed regimen of fluoxetine (80 mg) and alprazolam (1 mg, four times daily)-a pharmacotherapeutic approach that may have been clinically suboptimal given the potential for high-dose benzodiazepines to exacerbate obsessive-compulsive symptoms. This observation highlights an acute change in the patient's primary compulsive behavior. However, concurrent pharmacotherapy may confound the results, and prospective controlled trials are required to fully evaluate the efficacy of this intervention."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Mood Disorders • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Psychiatry

Standardization of a Protocol to Quantify Benzodiazepines in Human Urine Samples Employing Gas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryA Green Analytical Chemistry Approach. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "In this study, we standardized a protocol for the detection and quantification of lorazepam (LZ), clonazepam (CZ), and alprazolam (AZ), the short-to-intermediate and long-acting BZDs, without employing any derivatization steps and using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Interday and intraday detection precisions were analyzed, which were within agreeable limits. Together, we have developed a green analytical chemistry protocol for the rapid detection of BZDs that can be employed in forensic toxicology and analytical chemistry laboratories for criminal cases, drug overdoses, or drug monitoring."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Impact of Beers Criteria Medications in Elderly Patients With Head and Neck Cancer. (PubMed, Head Neck) - "BCMs in elderly head and neck cancer patients were associated with inferior survival and increased healthcare utilization. These findings highlight the need for medication reconciliation and systematic reviews by multidisciplinary care teams to optimize outcomes in this vulnerable population."

Journal • Head and Neck Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Pharmacological evidence for propagation dynamics of TMS-evoked potentials in the human brain. (PubMed, Brain Stimul) - "Findings provide a novel framework of how local neural dynamics shape signal propagation to large-scale networks and identify early-stage β-band phase coupling as a key mechanism. Consequently, considering propagation dynamics is important when interpreting PCI alterations in brain disorders."

Journal • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders

An excitatory projection from ventromedial hypothalamus to lateral hypothalamus mediates stress-induced reinstatement of alprazolam-conditioned place preference in male mice. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "Furthermore, chemogenetic activation of LH GABAergic neurons reversed the suppressive effects of inhibiting VMH CaMKIIα neurons projecting to the LH on Alp-CPP reinstatement. Collectively, these findings elucidate a critical role for the VMHCaMKIIα-LHGABA circuit in mediating stress-induced reinstatement of Alp-CPP in male mice, thereby advancing our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying Alp reinstatement and providing novel insights for the prevention and treatment of BZD addiction."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Uso indebido de medicamentos psicoactivos en México: resultados de la Encodat 2025. (PubMed, Salud Publica Mex) - "El medicamento más reportado fue el tramadol (86.8%), sustancia clasificada como opioide. Le siguieron el clonazepam (76.5%) y el diazepam (15.1%), ambos tranquilizantes...Otros medicamentos fueron mencionados con muy baja frecuencia, entre ellos morfina, fentanilo, alprazolam, flunitrazepam, clobenzorex, fentermina, anfetamina, fenobarbital y pregabalina. Conclusión. La regulación del uso indebido de medicamentos psicoactivos en México requiere fortalecer los mecanismos de coordinación, supervisión y vigilancia, así como promover estrategias de prevención e impulsar la educación en salud."

Journal

Review of the impact of short-term use of alprazolam on the cognitive, psychomotor, and quality-of-life impairments associated with anxiety disorders. (PubMed, CNS Spectr) - No abstract available

HEOR • Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Signals of Venous Thromboembolism Risk from Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Benzodiazepines and Other Sedative Hypnotics: Self-Controlled Case Series Analyses. (PubMed, Clin Drug Investig) - "Most benzodiazepine/z-drug combinations conferred no increased venous thromboembolism risk. However, concurrent use of a benzodiazepine/z-drug with gabapentin may increase the relative rate of venous thromboembolism up to 3.5-fold. As this work was hypothesis generating, a future etiologic study should confirm this potential drug interaction."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Neuralgia • Pain • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder • Venous Thromboembolism