Timcynis (ticarcillin and clavulanic acid) / Emcure - LARVOL DELTA

Prevalence and Resistance Patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Tunisian Intensive Care Unit. (PubMed, Am J Trop Med Hyg) - "The prevalence of resistance rates was highest for ticarcillin (48.3%) and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid (48.6%)...The prevalence of resistance of P. aeruginosa was 29.8% and 26.2% to ceftazidime-avibactam (CAV) and ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T), respectively. The prevalence of resistance to amikacin and ciprofloxacin was 36.2% and 37.9%, respectively...None of the tested MDR-PA strains showed resistance to colistin. This study highlights a high prevalence of MDR strains of P. aeruginosa in our ICU, with increasing resistance over recent years. Prevention is highly warranted."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease

Antimicrobial resistance dynamics in Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection systems: A spatiotemporal strain analysis. (PubMed, Biochem Biophys Rep) - "The drug sensitivity tests results over different years showed that K. pneumoniae exhibited significant resistance rates against doxycycline, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefuroxime, cefazolin, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, ticarcillin/clavulanate, amikacin, and norfloxacin (P < 0.05). The resistance rates of P. aeruginosa to cefazolin and ciprofloxacin were also statistically significant (P < 0.05). The drug sensitivity test results across different regions showed that the resistance rate of K. pneumoniae to minocycline in urban patients was statistically significant (P = 0.012), while the resistance rates of P. aeruginosa to tobramycin and ciprofloxacin in rural patients were statistically significant (P < 0.05)...The rise of new carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae strains in 2023 should be monitored. This study provides strong data support to formulate antibiotic treatment plans for patients with tuberculosis and respiratory infections, reduce the risk of resistant..."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Functional characterization of a novel class A carbapenemase CAE-1 in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "The blaCAE-1-carrying PAO1 transformant also tested positive using the modified carbapenem inactivation method and was resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and cefoperazone-sulbactam, but susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam. Expression of blaCAE-1 in P. aeruginosa PAO1 elicited a 64- to 128-fold increase in MICs for piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefepime, and aztreonam, and an eightfold increase for meropenem, exhibiting a broader resistance profile than in E. coli DH5α...The class A β-lactamase CAE-1 is a carbapenemase posing a high risk for horizontal dissemination. Enhanced surveillance for blaCAE-1-harboring isolates is needed."

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The Apparent pH Stability of Antibiotic Preparations Used for Uterine Infusions in Mares. (PubMed, Animals (Basel)) - "In experiment 1, amikacin, ampicillin, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, penicillin G potassium, penicillin G procaine, and ticarcillin clavulanate were diluted in saline and lactated Ringer' s solution and stored at 5 ° C, 21 ° C, and 37 ° C for 24 h. Solutions were evaluated for pH and physical characteristics at 0, 1, 3, 6, and 24 h after storage. In conclusion, the pH stability of uterine infusions is affected by various storage conditions and vehicles, underscoring the importance of evaluating antibiotic treatments for quality control. While pH changes were observed, the potential impact on the overall stability or antimicrobial activity of the solutions requires further investigation."

Journal • Endometriosis • Infertility

A Ten-Year Study of the Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Otitis in Crete, Greece. (PubMed, Clin Lab) - "P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and the Enterobacterales are the predominant bacterial pathogens causing otitis in our area. Regarding Gram-negatives, although resistance rates to commonly-used antibiotics are low, they are increasing over time. Continued surveillance of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens causing otitis is necessary to reassess updated antimicrobial policies and develop appropriate guidelines."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

Resistome, virulome and mobilome of clinical carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in Togo. (PubMed, Int J Med Microbiol) - "All isolates exhibited resistance to imipenem, ticarcillin, clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, and ciprofloxacin, but remained susceptible to colistin, tigecycline, and rifampicin. Furthermore, several multidrug resistance plasmids and one virulence and AMR hybrid plasmid (accession number JBFMWK020002174.1) were identified. This study provides valuable insights into clinical A. baumannii in Togo, underscoring the need for more frequent genomic studies in sub-Saharan countries to effectively monitor and combat AMR in Africa."

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A retrospective assessment of antimicrobial resistance patterns in WHO-access, watch, and reserve-classified antibiotics across two large hospitals in a resource-limited setting. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "For the Access category, highest resistance was reported for Doxycycline at 100% resistance while the lowest resistance was reported for Amikacin at 24.63%. For the Watch category, the highest resistance was reported for Cefuroxime at 85.71% while the lowest resistance was reported for ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and Netilmicin, both with 0% resistance...More than 70% of multi-drug resistance was observed in frequently used antibiotics such as Cefuroxime, Ceftazidime, and Meropenem. Additionally, over 60% resistance was found in antibiotics like Ertapenem, Aztreonam, and Teicoplanin even though they are not readily available in Nigeria...Across gender, positive isolates were found more in women than men across almost all the microbes identified. These results, based on real patient data, highlight the urgent need for an institutionalized AWaRe Antibiotics framework across healthcare facilities in addition to broader strategies of antimicrobial stewardship, pharmaceutical..."

Journal • Retrospective data

Genetic Analysis of Virulence and β-Lactamase Determinants Related to β-Lactamase Inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains from Nosocomial Infections. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "The MIC determination of ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam was performed using the MIC test strip for antimicrobial susceptibility testing...In total, 100% (124/124) and 99.1% (123/124) of the strains isolated from patients with healthcare-associated and community-acquired infections were resistant to the β-lactamase inhibitor antibiotics, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ampicillin/sulbactam, respectively, while 54% (67/124) of the strains were resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam... We demonstrated different association profiles of virulence genotype related to the β-lactamase genotype, the β-lactamase inhibitor resistome, phylogroups, and clinical origin of the strains. Therefore, medical treatment regimens against infections caused by P. aeruginosa should be improved."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Motility, biofilm, and endotoxin in Ralstonia pickettii isolates obtained from purified and ultrapure pharmaceutical water systems. (PubMed, Acta Pharm) - "Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed consistent resistance to colistin, as well as significant resistance rates to β-lactam antibiotics, ertapenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ticarcillin and ampicillin. High susceptibility to first-generation cephalosporins, cephalexin, cefoxitin and chloramphenicol was observed. All isolates were susceptible to tigecycline and tetracycline...The study highlights R. pickettii's adaptability in pharmaceutical water systems, marked by its motility, biofilm-forming capabilities, and multidrug resistance. These results emphasise the importance of rigorous monitoring of water systems to reduce transmission risks and prevent the emergence of resistant strains in clinical environments."

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Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem and Colistin Resistance in Isolates Causing Urinary Tract Infections at an Outpatient Setting of a Tertiary Care Hospital. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Comparison of resistance patterns of other antibiotics in CRE and carbapenem-sensitive Enterobacterales (CSE) group shows that fosfomycin, ticarcillin-clavulanate and tetracycline had higher sensitivity in the CRE group. Colistin resistance in an outpatient setting is alarming. Early detection of these resistance-determinant genes by molecular methods is essential in limiting the spread of infection due to these organisms."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia

Occurrence of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from the Environmental Water from Tamaulipas, Mexico. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "In total, 100% (109/109) were susceptible to ceftazidime (CAZ), gentamicin (GM), amikacin (AN), netilmicin (NET), tobramycin (NN) and norfloxacin (NOR), and 65.7% were resistant to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and 53.5% to ticarcillin; the resistance to the remaining antibiotics was between 19.4% and 0.9%. aeruginosa in environmental waters of Tamaulipas showed potential to cause infections and low rates of resistance to most of the antibiotics tested. However, 20% were resistant to one of the most common treatments, which could pose a risk to public health."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Insights into antibiotic resistance and prevalence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from clinical samples in Iran: A systematic review. (PubMed, New Microbes New Infect) - "Most isolates showed high susceptibility to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and minocycline (98.5 % and 98.2 %, respectively)...Given the low resistance rates to levofloxacin and minocycline, these antibiotics may be considered as potentially effective options for treating S. maltophilia infections in Iran. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole showed comparatively higher resistance rates, suggesting that its clinical efficacy may be declining. The rising isolation of S. maltophilia from clinical specimens in recent years, compared to the previous decade, is of both epidemiological and clinical concern, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance and prudent antibiotic use."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease

Revitalizing cephalosporins: The promise of β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. (PubMed, GMS Hyg Infect Control) - "It examines β-lactam resistance mechanisms, established combinations (e.g., ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam), and the clinical efficacy of newer therapies like ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and ceftolozane/tazobactam (TOL-TAZ) for MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Additionally, novel combinations (e.g., cefepime-enmetazobactam, cefepime-taniborbactam) are discussed for tackling extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria. Through comparative analyses, this review provides key insights into efficacy, resistance, pharmacokinetics, and safety, guiding researchers in optimizing antimicrobial strategies and clinicians in managing MDR infections, while supporting antibiotic management and future research."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

First Report of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-6 (blaNDM-6) gene in Africa identified in a Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolate. (PubMed, Int J Infect Dis) - "This study presents the first report of blaNDM-6 in Africa. The detection in a rare lineage suggests an independent acquisition via plasmids. Further, it highlights an ongoing evolution of historically susceptible A. baumannii lineages into multidrug-resistant threats. This emphasizes the need for enhanced genomic surveillance in LMICs to monitor the emergence and dissemination of resistance determinants."

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Controlling drug-resistant bacteria in Arabian horses: bacteriophage cocktails for treating wound infections. (PubMed, Front Vet Sci) - "exhibited extensive drug resistance (XDR) with complete resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, amikacin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and cefotaxime...Staphylococci isolates were highly resistant to fusidic acid, β-lactams, and tetracyclines. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, fosfomycin, and cephalosporines were ineffective against Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Ticarcillin, clavulanic acid, and colistin were ineffective against P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii...There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the wound closure % among the gentamicin group and phage cocktaoil+gentamicin groups on days 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14. This study highlights the widespread antibiotic resistance in bacteria infecting Arabian horses and posing significant challenges to equine infection management. Bacteriophage therapy shows promise as a potential treatment for wound infections."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ophthalmology • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Neisseria sicca Bloodstream Infection in a Patient with Aortic Valve Replacement: Case Report and Genomic Analysis. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "Appropriate antibiotic therapy with ticarcillin-clavulanate led to a significant clinical improvement...Virulence gene analysis revealed that the pathogenicity of N. sicca was associated with mntB, mntC, farA, farB, mtrD, mtrE, msrA/B (pilB), rfaF, rfaC, hpuB, pilT, and recN. This case underscores the potential of N. sicca to act as an opportunistic pathogen in bloodstream infections (BSIs)."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Microbial Profiles and Antibiotic Resistance in Chronic Otorrhea: An Evaluation of Operated and Non-operated Patients. (PubMed, Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg) - "Antibiotic resistance to Ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidime, and Ticarcillin-Clavulanate was high for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in both groups, with no significant differences. Escherichia coli displayed significantly higher resistance to Ampicillin-Sulbactam in the operated group (75.0% vs. 0%, p < 0.05)...Surgical interventions influence resistance development, particularly in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings underscore the importance of routine susceptibility testing to guide effective, individualized treatment and address multidrug-resistant pathogens."

Journal • Otorhinolaryngology

Canine Pyoderma and Otitis Externa: A Retrospective Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Carriage in Hong Kong. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "High resistance rates were observed for orbifloxacin (61.3% in pyoderma; 76.7% in otitis externa), doxycycline (59.3%; 69.2%), clindamycin (62%; 68.9%), and enrofloxacin (50%; 55.5%). Most isolates were sensitive to ofloxacin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, cefpodoxime, cefuroxime, and cefixime...A higher focus should be placed on topical antiseptic therapy, with oral antibiotics used only in exceptional cases and after susceptibility testing. From a One Health perspective, the potential transmission of MDR bacteria between companion animals and humans underscores the importance of a coordinated approach to antimicrobial stewardship across both veterinary and human medicine."

Journal • Retrospective data • Dermatology • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

Comparison of Biological and Genomic Characteristics Between Two Non-Intestinal Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis Isolates from the Same Patient. (PubMed, Microb Drug Resist) - "Drug susceptibility testing revealed significant differences: Sal D exhibited greater resistance to ticarcillin/clavulanate, piperacillin/sulbactam, and ciprofloxacin compared with Sal B. Morphologically, Sal B formed rougher and drier colonies than Sal D at 37°C. Collectively, these findings suggest that S. Enteritidis can undergo adaptive changes in response to distinct host environments, influencing drug resistance, adhesion, and acid resistance. This knowledge may inform future strategies for the treatment and prevention of Salmonella infections."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Burkholderia cepacia at a tertiary care teaching hospital. (PubMed, Natl Med J India) - "cepacia antimicrobial resistance was seen more commonly to ticarcillin-clavulanate (72%) followed by levofloxacin (34%), trimethoprim- sulphamethoxazole (30%), ceftazidime (30%), minocycline (21%) and meropenem (14%). cepacia has been identified as an important pathogen in bloodstream infections. It is important to know the antimicrobial resistance pattern of B. cepacia for better management of patients."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease

Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant High-Risk Clone ST244 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Dogs and Cats in Algeria. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "Antibiotic-resistance phenotypes were observed against amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100%); meanwhile, resistance towards ticarcillin was 40% (dogs) and 25% (cats), ticarcillin-clavulanic acid was 13.33% and 25% for dogs and cats, respectively, and imipenem was 75% (cats) and 20% (dogs). The genetic variety in antibiotic-resistance genes of resistant and virulent P. aeruginosa strains in dogs makes public health protection difficult. Continuous monitoring and research in compliance with the One Health policy are needed to solve this problem."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Antimicrobial resistance, virulence gene profiling, and genetic diversity of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Mazandaran, Iran. (PubMed, BMC Microbiol) - "The high rate of multidrug resistance combined with the widespread presence of virulence genes in P. aeruginosa isolates highlights the potential for increased infection severity, morbidity, and mortality in hospitalized patients. The substantial genetic diversity observed among isolates suggests that P. aeruginosa in this region may rapidly evolve, necessitating ongoing surveillance and more targeted antimicrobial strategies."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Ciprofloxacin-susceptible but levofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains with Vitek®2: which mechanism involved and consequences in case of fluoroquinolone treatment? (PubMed, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis) - "The phenotype detected by the automate Vitek2® is linked to a likely efflux-pump overexpression mechanism and not fluoroquinolone-target mutation. Regarding this discordant phenotype, an alert should be provided to clinicians concerning the high risk of selecting a fluoroquinolone-resistant mutant."

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Agricultural Soil as a Reservoir of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Potential Risk to Public Health. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "The strains showed some level of resistance to only three antibiotics: 32.8% to ticarcillin, 40.8% to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and 2.4% to aztreonam. However, copB and arsB genes were also identified in a percentage greater than 80%, and the least frequent genes were merA in 14.4% and czcA in 7.2%. Although P. aeruginosa strains showed a high percentage of factor virulence (potential ability to cause infections), their high levels of susceptibility to antibiotics lead to the assumption that infections are easily curable."

Journal • Infectious Disease

The Microbiological Quality of Raw Ovine Milk in the Banat Region of Romania with a Focus on Escherichia coli and Its Pathogenic Potential and Antimicrobial Resistance. (PubMed, Vet Sci) - "Antimicrobial susceptibility testing with the Vitek2 system of the isolated E. coli strains revealed resistance against ampicillin (45.8%), gentamicin (20.8%), ticarcillin-clavulanic acid (18.8%), cephalexin (18.8%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (8.3%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (2.1%). This study's results underline hygienic sanitary deficiencies during the milking phase and indicate that raw ovine milk can be contaminated with pathogenic and multidrug-resistant E. coli strains, highlighting a potential risk to public health. Further studies are encouraged to better understand the risk posed to the consumer via the consumption of ovine milk and derived products."

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