HCAR2 / ImmunoACT - LARVOL DELTA

Rebalancing the inflammatory niche in allergic rhinitis ". (PubMed, Clin Chim Acta) - "In this review we focus on defined signaling axes by which Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can influence that network: (1) microbially produced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate, suppress ILC2 proliferation and type-2 cytokine output primarily via HDAC inhibition that downregulates the lineage transcription factor GATA3; receptor-dependent effects via the SCFA sensors FFAR3 (GPR41), FFAR2 (GPR43), and GPR109A (HCAR2) also occur in some cell types and tissues, and can engage β-arrestin/ERK or AMPK-linked pathways depending on cell context...Together these actions provide testable, mechanism-based routes to suppress ILC2 activation and restore mucosal homeostasis in AR. We explicitly link TCM-driven microbiome/metabolome changes to canonical molecular mediators (HDAC, GPR41/43, FXR/TGR5, AhR, TSLP/IL-33, HMGB1) to facilitate mechanistic trial design that measures taxa → metabolite → receptor/epithelial → ILC2 causal chains."

Journal • Review • Allergic Rhinitis • Immunology • Inflammation • GATA3 • HMGB1 • IL13 • IL33 • IL5 • TSLP

Structures of G-protein coupled receptor HCAR3 in complex with selective agonists reveal the basis for ligand recognition and selectivity. (PubMed, PLoS Biol) - "Moreover, combined with cAMP assay in HEK-293 cells, we have elucidated that the ligand selectivity between HCAR3 and HCAR2 depended on π-π interaction with F1073.32 (L1073.32 in HCAR2) and ligand-binding pocket size difference, facilitated by key residues difference V/L832.60, Y/N862.63, and S/W9123.48. Collectively, these structural insights lay the groundwork for developing HCAR3-specific drugs, potentially avoiding HCAR2-induced adverse effects."

Journal • Dyslipidemia • Metabolic Disorders

HCAR score as a prognostic biomarker of survival in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. (PubMed, Biomol Biomed) - "Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined pretreatment hemoglobin (Hb) and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) cut-offs of 11.0 g/dL and 3.0, respectively, which were utilized to create a three-tiered HCAR score: HCAR-0 (Hb ≥11.0 g/dL and CAR <3.0), HCAR-1 (Hb ≥11.0 g/dL and CAR ≥3.0 or Hb <11.0 g/dL and CAR <3.0), and HCAR-2 (Hb <11.0 g/dL and CAR ≥3.0)...Corresponding 10-year PFS rates were 50.2%, 34.4%, and 5.0%, while 10-year OS rates were 68.3%, 41.6%, and 11.1%. Multivariate analysis revealed that the HCAR score remained an independent predictor of both PFS and OS, alongside T and N stage. The HCAR score shows promising prognostic utility for predicting OS and PFS in LANPC; however, performance estimates may be overly optimistic due to the lack of internal validation."

Biomarker • Journal • Head and Neck Cancer • Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CRP