Xenical (orlistat) / Roche, GSK - LARVOL DELTA

FOXA2 sensitizes endometrial carcinoma to progestin-mediated conservative therapy by triggering PR transcriptional activation. (PubMed, Oncogene) - "Moreover, FOXA2 is critically involved in lipid metabolic modulation and the administration of Orlistat, an FDA-approval inhibitor of fatty acid synthase, elevates FOXA2 and PR expression, subsequently enhancing progestin sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our findings identify FOXA2 as a key regulator in controlling PR levels in EC cells and propose the activation of FOXA2-PR axis via Orlistat treatment as a promising therapeutic strategy to improve progestin responsiveness in EC patients."

Journal • Endometrial Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • FASN • FOXA2 • PGR

Diet strategies for maintaining substantial therapeutic weight loss: 78-week mixed methods randomised trial. (PubMed, Clin Nutr) - P=N/A | "Structured dietary WLM is well accepted and can prevent weight regain after substantial loss, including after glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist withdrawal, and can maintain >15 kg loss up to 78-weeks TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov: identifier NCT02683798."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Obesity

Metabolomic insights into antioxidant properties of blueberry (Vaccinium croymbosum) leaves and a preliminary exploration of their in vitro lipid-lowering activity. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "Molecular docking confirmed stronger binding affinities of ZJ-1's primary constituents-chlorogenic acid (-9.758 kcal/mol) and quercetin (-9.192 kcal/mol)-to PL catalytic residues compared to orlistat (-5.271 kcal/mol). These results establish blueberry leaves as dual-functional antioxidant-hypolipidemic resources, with geographic origin critically modulating phytochemical profiles. This research advances the application of underutilized leaf biomass for nutritional healthcare."

Journal • Preclinical • Dyslipidemia

Repeated common femoral artery bifurcation repair in patients with acute lower limb ischemia and unsatisfactory outflow pathways (PubMed, Khirurgiia (Mosk)) - "External-iliac-deep femoral replacement is a preferable and effective method to restore pulsatile blood flow in deep femoral artery."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Thrombosis

Umbrella Review of Pharmacological interventions on Metabolic and Endocrine Outcomes in Women with PCOS (ENDO 2025) - "The search spanned from Jan 1st, 1980, to January 5th, 2024, focusing on pharmacological interventions (Metformin, GLP-1, SGLT-2 inhibitors, statins, sitagliptin, pioglitazone, orlistat)...Combined therapy with simvastatin and metformin reduced LH: FSH compared to metformin monotherapy (n=2, N=219, SMD= -2.66,95% CI: [-3.02; -2.29], p= 0.36, I2=0%)... This review highlights the effectiveness of monotherapy, combined therapy, and new type 2 diabetes drugs in PCOS management. GLP-1s exhibit evidence in weight management and mitigating cardiometabolic risks. SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrate potential in reducing hyperglycaemia, hyperandrogenism, and cardiovascular risks."

Clinical • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Umbrella Review of Pharmacological interventions on Metabolic and Endocrine Outcomes in Women with PCOS (ENDO 2025) - "The search spanned from Jan 1st, 1980, to January 5th, 2024, focusing on pharmacological interventions (Metformin, GLP-1, SGLT-2 inhibitors, statins, sitagliptin, pioglitazone, orlistat)...Combined therapy with simvastatin and metformin reduced LH: FSH compared to metformin monotherapy (n=2, N=219, SMD= -2.66,95% CI: [-3.02; -2.29], p= 0.36, I2=0%)... This review highlights the effectiveness of monotherapy, combined therapy, and new type 2 diabetes drugs in PCOS management. GLP-1s exhibit evidence in weight management and mitigating cardiometabolic risks. SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrate potential in reducing hyperglycaemia, hyperandrogenism, and cardiovascular risks."

Clinical • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Alginate oligosaccharides prevent and treat obesity by promoting brown fat thermogenesis rather than regulating gut microbiota. (PubMed, J Adv Res) - "Our findings provided first evidence that AOSs could prevent and treat obesity by reducing systemic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress, and increasing brown adipose tissue energy expenditure, rather than regulating gut microbiota."

Journal • Dyslipidemia • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

Phosphorus-32 microspheres: A dual-modality transarterial radioembolization approach for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy and Anti-PD1 immunotherapy potentiation. (PubMed, Mater Today Bio) - "Genetic ablation of FABP1 or pharmacological inhibition with Orlistat reversed PD-L1 expression and augmented anti-tumor efficacy. Combining 32P-MS with anti-PD1 therapy synergistically suppressed tumor growth, reduced MDSC infiltration, and reinvigorated CD8+ T cell activity, significantly improving treatment sensitivity. 32P-MS is a promising HCC therapeutic with dual anti-tumor and immune-modulatory functions, providing a compelling rationale for integrating radioembolization with immune checkpoint blockade to counteract immunosuppressive resistance in HCC."

IO biomarker • Journal • Hepatocellular Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CD8 • FABP1 • PPARG

Tamarind-Derived Trypsin Inhibitor as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Obesity: Evidence from In Vitro and Zebrafish Models. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "The fish were divided into five groups: eutrophic and normofed animals without treatment; obese and hyperfed animals without treatment; obese and hyperfed animals treated with Orlistat (50 mg/kg Orlistat); obese and hyperfed animals treated with TTI (25 mg/L TTI); and obese and normofed animals treated with TTI (25 mg/L TTI)...Moreover, HDL concentrations were significantly higher in the TTI-treated groups compared with all other groups. Thus, TTI represents a promising strategy for the treatment of obesity and the prevention of dyslipidemia, opening new avenues for exploring its potential benefits against other obesity-associated comorbidities."

Journal • Preclinical • Dyslipidemia • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

Synergistic alleviation of obesity and associated cardiovascular complications by combined modulation of FASN/Arginase/eNOS uncoupling. (PubMed, Biomed Pharmacother) - "We induced obesity in rats using a high-fructose, high-salt diet for 10 weeks, then randomized them into six groups: control, obese, and four obese treatment arms receiving orlistat (FASN inhibitor), norvaline (ARG inhibitor), citrulline/folic acid (eNOS recoupling), or their combination for 5 weeks...This multi-pronged approach most effectively reduced adiposity, normalized key metabolic parameters, conferred robust protection against cardiac remodeling (both structural and functional), significantly improved BP regulation, and modulated cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation. Our findings strongly indicate that simultaneously targeting the FASN/ARG/eNOS axis with mechanism-based therapies represents a novel and highly promising approach to comprehensively mitigate obesity and its devastating cardiovascular consequences."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Obesity • FASN • NOS3

Successful Use of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist in Patient With Recurrent Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis: A Case Report (ACG 2025) - "Her history included >25 hospitalizations for HTG-AP, with persistently elevated TG (up to 10,500 mg/dL) despite aggressive interventions, including maximum-dose lipid-lowering agents (gemfibrozil, orlistat, pravastatin), ileal bypass, and plasmapheresis. Two months prior, she started liraglutide therapy (0.6 mg/day), which significantly improved symptoms and prevented HTG-AP recurrence...Remarkably, the patient's most recent TG level of approximately 400 mg/dL represents the lowest value recorded in over a decade (Figure 1), indicating a clinically significant and sustained TG-lowering effect. This favorable response highlights the importance of individualized, patient-centered care and challenges conventional contraindications.Figure: Figure 1: Trend of serum triglyceride and lipase levels over time"

Case report • Clinical • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Genetic Disorders • Hypertriglyceridemia • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Pancreatitis • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • LPL

A Harmful Combination of Weight Loss Efforts and Daily Alcohol Use (ACG 2025) - "Given the suspicion of DILI from orlistat, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) infusion was started as per the standard acetaminophen toxicity protocol. This suggests that alcohol may have potentiated the hepatotoxicity of orlistat. This case provides an additional reason to avoid the use of orlistat, beyond its limited efficacy data and side effect profile."

Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Failure • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Pancreatitis • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Semaglutide and Tirzepatide Have the Most Clinical Benefit Compared to Most Weight Loss Medications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ACG 2025) - "The study included 6 groups: those on tirzepatide, semaglutide, liraglutide, orlistat, phentermine-topiramate, and naltrexone-bupropion... Tirzepatide and semaglutide showed significant risk reduction in all outcomes. Tirzepatide had the highest risk reduction in steroid use, hospitalization, and mortality compared to all the other agents. Liraglutide had significantly reduced risks in all categories except mortality."

Clinical • Crohn's disease • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Ulcerative Colitis

Pediococcus acidilactici KCTC 15831BP-fermented industrial hempseed (Cannabis sativa L.) supplementation corrects metabolite and gut microbiota dysbiosis, potentially mitigating Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms induced by obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice. (PubMed, Food Funct) - "Nine-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD and supplemented with either orlistat, raw hempseed, FHS, or live Pediococcus acidilactici KCTC 15831BP (PA) for 15 weeks...The beneficial changes in the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles caused by FHS positively correlated with improvements in obesity and AD markers. These findings highlight the interconnection between the diet, gut, and brain, emphasizing the role of the diet-microbiota-gut-brain axis in mitigating neurodegenerative diseases."

Journal • Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Obesity • Solid Tumor • LEP

Postbiotic pA1c®HI for Preventing Insulin Resistance and Obesity in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model of Prediabetes. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "pA1c®HI significantly reduced glucose-induced fat accumulation, achieving fat reduction comparable to the anti-obesity drug orlistat and showing superior efficacy compared to the live probiotic form...Importantly, pA1c®HI retained efficacy after thermal treatment (121-135 °C), supporting its potential for use in processed foods. pA1c®HI is a stable, effective postbiotic that modulates key pathways associated with obesity, PreD, and T2D in C. elegans, with superior performance to the live probiotic and added benefits when combined with PC and Zn."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Effect of Callistemon citrinus Phytosomes on Oxidative Stress in the Brains of Rats Fed a High-Fat-Fructose Diet. (PubMed, Biomolecules) - "Additionally, groups 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 were supplemented with orlistat at 5 mg/kg, C. citrinus extract at 200 mg/kg, and phytosomes loaded with C. citrinus at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively...C. citrinus modulates oxidative stress in brain tissue through 1.8-cineole and α-terpineol, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties."

Journal • Preclinical

Obesity: Clinical Impact, Pathophysiology, Complications, and Modern Innovations in Therapeutic Strategies. (PubMed, Medicines (Basel)) - "Despite its significant health and socioeconomic impact, earlier obesity medications, such as fenfluramine, sibutramine, and orlistat, fell short of expectations due to limited effectiveness, serious side effects including valvular heart disease and gastrointestinal issues, and high rates of treatment discontinuation...Emerging therapies, including oral GLP-1 agonists and triple-receptor agonists (e.g., retatrutide), promise enhanced tolerability and muscle preservation, potentially bridging the efficacy gap with bariatric surgery...Future research must prioritize long-term cardiovascular outcome trials and mitigate emerging risks, such as sarcopenia and joint degeneration. A multidisciplinary approach combining pharmacotherapy, behavioral interventions, and systemic policy changes is critical to curbing the obesity epidemic and its downstream consequences."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hepatology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Obesity • Oncology • Sarcopenia • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Synergistic Combination of Tamoxifen-Tetraphenylethylene Co-Assembled Micelles and Orlistat-Induced Lipid Droplet Inhibition to Overcome Tamoxifen Resistance. (PubMed, Adv Healthc Mater) - "Importantly, co-treatment with orlistat, an LD formation inhibitor, disrupted this resistance pathway and markedly enhance TMX efficacy of TMX. This dual-functional approach, combining organelle-specific delivery and LD modulation, constitutes a powerful supramolecular strategy to overcome TMX resistance and advances the development of next-generation cancer therapeutics."

Journal • Breast Cancer • Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer • Hormone Receptor Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • ER

Oral polyphenol-based microbeads with synergistic demulsification and fat locking for obesity treatment (ACS-Fall 2025) - "Orlistat is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for limiting the absorption of fat; however, the unabsorbed fat in the colon can cause severe side effects...Notably, the rats exhibited direct excretion of fat-containing feces without side effects or blood glucose fluctuations. Our work provides a basis for novel dietary strategies to combat obesity."

Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Solid Tumor

Development of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) Grade-Based Framework on the Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity: Design and Methodological Aspects. (PubMed, Obes Facts) - "The EASO framework aims to optimize pharmacological treatment for obesity through an individualized, evidence-based approach. By integrating clinical efficacy, safety outcomes, and patient-specific factors, these guidelines will support healthcare professionals in improving obesity management and its related comorbidities."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Hepatology • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Obesity • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Lipid accumulation inhibition strategies alleviate Fusobacterium nucleatum-infected colorectal cancer. (PubMed, Microbiome) - "F. nucleatum and lipid metabolites are enriched in CRC patients. Furthermore, BSH-expressing E. coli, UDCA, and penfluridol can alleviate F. nucleatum-induced lipid accumulation and tumor growth in mice. Video Abstract."

Journal • Colorectal Cancer • Gastrointestinal Cancer • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Solid Tumor • FASN

Risk of suicidal ideation and suicidality among adults prescribed semaglutide for weight management: A population-based cohort study. (PubMed, Diabetes Obes Metab) - "Among patients initiating semaglutide for weight management, semaglutide did not appear to increase the risk of suicide-related outcomes. However, the CIs of the RDs are compatible with a 0.07% increase in 6-month risk and the true RD could be larger due to the potentially low sensitivity of ICD-10 diagnosis codes for and underreporting of suicide-related outcomes. Additional studies are critical to confirm these findings and obtain more precise estimates of any potential benefits or harms of semaglutide."

Journal • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Psychiatry • Suicidal Ideation • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Drugs and devices for weight management. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Comparison table: Some drugs for weight management. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal

Anti-obesity effects of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles mediated through modulation of hepatic lipolysis and mitochondrial biogenesis. (PubMed, Gene) - "The anti-obesity effects of SPIONs may be mediated by inducing many pathways such as insulin-sensitizing, lipotropic, antioxidant, anti-lipogenic, and mitochondrial biogenesis. More importantly, the adjuvant treatment with orlistat may potentiate the effects of SPION and neglect the use of high SPION doses."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Obesity • NFE2L2 • NRF1