propylthiouracil / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Thyroid hormones enhance the responsiveness of T-cell lymphomas to romidepsin (ASH 2025) - "Hypothyroidism was induced byadministering propylthiouracil (PTU, 0.5 mg/mL in drinking water) for 14 days.We first evaluated the in vitro activity of romidepsin across our panel of TCL cell lines under standardculture conditions. Romidepsin treatment significantly reduced tumor size inboth groups (p < 0.05 vs. vehicle). Notably, the magnitude of tumor growth inhibition was significantlygreater in euthyroid mice compared to hypothyroid counterparts, suggesting that systemic thyroid statusmay play a key role in influencing treatment HDACi response in TCL patients.All together, our findings highlight the importance of thyroid status as a modulator of romidepsin efficacyin patients with TCL and provide a strong basis for further study of TH-regulated epigenetic mechanismsduring HDAC inhibitor treatment, which may contribute to improved therapies and identification of noveltargets."

Endocrine Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Lymphoma • T Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma • CASP3 • CASP7

Case Series of de novo occurrence of Graves' Disease Following Thermal Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: An uncommon event that should be considered. (PubMed, Eur Thyroid J) - "One case occurred during pregnancy and was managed with propylthiouracil; the others received antithyroid treatment with methimazole. Routine TRAb screening before TA is not currently justified; however, clinical awareness is essential to distinguish transient post-ablation thyrotoxicosis from true GD and to ensure timely initiation of antithyroid therapy when appropriate. Despite these rare cases, the overall incidence remains very low, confirming the excellent safety profile of TA for benign thyroid nodules."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease

Physiochemical characteristics of date pollen extract-hybrid yoghurt as a functional dairy food modulates hypothyroidic symptoms in modeled rats. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Adult male Wistar albino rats were used to evaluate the pharmaceutical impacts of DPEE-HY on propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidic rats...Additionally, it significantly improved hepato-renal function and lipid profile, as well as the histological architecture of the thyroid in comparison to the corresponding findings of hypothyroid rats. In conclusion, DPEE-HY showed acceptable physicochemical characteristics, and performed thyroid-modulatory efficiency that could be mediated via the antioxidant properties that antagonized oxidative stress and apoptosis of thyroid tissue; the enhancement effect of DPEE-HY on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis preserved thyroid-genesis that in turn maintained normal thyroid functions; consequently, hybridization of yoghurt with DPEE could be a potent modulatory dairy product for management of hypothyroid disorder."

Journal • Preclinical • Endocrine Disorders • IL1B • TNFA

A comparative study on L-thyroxine treatment and sesame oil supplementation in experimentally induced hypothyroidism in rats. (PubMed, Front Physiol) - "Adult female Wistar rats (n = 66) were randomly allocated into control, sesame oil-treated euthyroid, propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid, L-thyroxine-treated hypothyroid, sesame oil-treated hypothyroid, and combined treated hypothyroid groups. Sesame oil has the potential to be utilized as an adjuvant therapy with L-thyroxine to counteract the cardiac and hepatic alterations induced by hypothyroidism. This is supported by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antisteatotic characteristics."

Journal • Preclinical • Anesthesia • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Dyslipidemia • Endocrine Disorders • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Hypertension • Hypotension • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • IL6 • SCD

Comparative Efficacy of Radioiodine Therapy With Adjunctive Thionamides vs Either Treatment Alone in the Management of Graves Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. (PubMed, J Clin Endocrinol Metab) - "ATDs do not significantly affect the success or failure rates of RAI therapy, particularly in long-term follow-up, but they may improve euthyroid outcomes and reduce hypothyroidism. Long-term ATD monotherapy showed no significant difference compared with RAI in resolving hyperthyroidism; however, additional long-term trials are needed to confirm these findings. Management of Graves disease requires individualized physician-patient decisions."

Journal • Retrospective data • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease

THRA Orchestrates Myocardial Protection Against Hypothyroidism-Induced Ferroptosis via the GATA4-GPX4 Transcriptional Cascade. (PubMed, Antioxid Redox Signal) - " A propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid mouse model was utilized, incorporating wild-type and THRA-knockout (KO) groups with or without thyroxine (T4) treatment...Redox Signal. 00, 000-000."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Hematological Disorders • GPX4 • THRA

Use of Carbimazole, Methimazole and Propylthiouracil in Women of Childbearing Age and Exposed Pregnancies in Germany: A Population-Based Study. (PubMed, Drugs Real World Outcomes) - "The prescription prevalence of ATD overall and specifically of CMZ/MMI in girls and women of childbearing age decreased between 2005 and 2020 in Germany. The decrease in exposure to CMZ/MMI at pregnancy onset indicates that physicians became increasingly aware of the potential risks of CMZ/MMI to the unborn child."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Obstetrics

In vitro and in vivo thyroid hormone system disruption by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). (PubMed, Toxicology) - "While current in vivo test methods reliably detect disruptions from potent antithyroid drugs such as propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole (MMI) through thyroid gland histopathology, they may lack sensitivity for less potent chemicals or those acting through alternative mechanisms. These findings demonstrate distinct TH-disrupting profiles of PFOS and TBBPA, differing from classic antithyroid compounds PTU and MMI. Our results highlight the need for more comprehensive systems-approaches to capture TH disrupting chemicals acting through diverse mechanisms."

Journal • Preclinical

Propylthiouracil-induced agranulocytosis complicated by severe infection in a patient with Graves' disease: A case report. (PubMed, Endocr Regul) - "Early recognition and prompt intervention are crucial as agranulocytosis is not always symptomatic. Additionally, early thyroidectomy should be considered in women of childbearing age as recurrent disease flares and therapeutic switching not only increase the risk of agranulocytosis and infection, but may also delay pregnancy."

Journal • Agranulocytosis • Endocrine Disorders • Granulocytopenia • Grave’s Disease • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia

Efficacy of radioactive iodine therapy with concomitant antithyroid drugs in Japanese patients with Graves' disease: a retrospective observational study. (PubMed, BMC Res Notes) - "Post-matching, the CATD(+) group received significantly higher baseline ATD doses (median 600 vs. 200 mg/day propylthiouracil-equivalent; p < 0.008)...CATD may be associated with a lower cure rate within 12 months compared with standard RIT involving temporary ATD discontinuation. We suggest further prospective studies to confirm the efficacy of radioactive iodine therapy with concomitant antithyroid drugs in high iodine intake country."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease

Copper Intrauterine Device-Associated ANCA Vasculitis: Rare Entity or a Coincidence? (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "Case Description A 50-year-old-female with a past medical history of hyperlipidemia, asthma, migraine, mild obesity, and pre- diabetes on metformin and empagliflozin presented to the clinic for evaluation of albuminuria of 139 mg/gm of creatinine (90 ml/min/1.73m2)...She was prescribed topical tacrolimus and clindamycin, along with oral doxycycline...Cutaneous small vessel vasculitis has been documented in association with chronic hepatitis A or C, oral contraception, hydralazine, propylthiouracil, allopurinol, β-lactams, streptokinase, tamoxifen, influenza vaccines, and environmental risk factors (silica exposure, farming, and chronic colonization with Staphylococcus aureus). One other case report has proposed a possible link between a copper-IUD and ANCA-associated retinal vasculitis, which was resolved following IUD removal. One caveat is the lack of a kidney or skin biopsy, as our patient declined."

ANCA Vasculitis • Asthma • CNS Disorders • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Genetic Disorders • Hepatology • Hidradenitis Suppurativa • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Influenza • Long-acting Reversible Contraceptives • Metabolic Disorders • Migraine • Obesity • Ocular Inflammation • Psoriasis • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Vasculitis

ANCA Alert: A Curious Case of Amikacin-Induced Vasculitis (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "Introduction Drug induced-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is commonly caused by medications such as hydralazine, propylthiouracil, methimazole, and minocycline, but to date, amikacin has not been reported in the literature.We present the first case of AAV with renal involvement with amikacin as the unusual culprit...Empiric piperacillin-tazobactam and intravenous fluids were started...The patient was discharged on prednisone with plans for outpatient rituximab and avacopan...Plasma exchange and steroids resulted in significant improvement in renal function shortly after initiation which can be associated with return of renal function and creatinine apheresis. As we learn more about renal involvement in AAV, the list of causative agents expands."

Clinical • ANCA Vasculitis • Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia • Chronic Kidney Disease • Glomerulonephritis • Infectious Disease • Lupus Nephritis • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Vasculitis • MPO

Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Graves' Disease in an Elderly Female With Antithyroid Drug Intolerance. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Initial management with carbimazole achieved some biochemical control but led to hepatotoxicity...Thyroid function gradually stabilised on a combination of Lugol's iodine, propranolol, steroid and low-dose propylthiouracil. This case was challenging due to anti-thyroid drug intolerance in conjunction with limited definitive management options, with our endocrinology team resorting to non-standard therapies to stabilise the patient. This case ultimately demonstrates the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of managing Graves' hyperthyroidism in the elderly. ."

Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease • Hypotension

Drug- and vaccine induced ANCA-associated vasculitis: An overview. (PubMed, Autoimmun Rev) - "Whereas causality is difficult to prove and rechallenges are considered unethical, pathophysiological mechanisms suggesting causality have been demonstrated for drugs such as hydralazine, propylthiouracil, levamisole, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In general, however, the long-term prognosis of drug-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis is more favorable compared to the prognosis of idiopathic ANCA-associated vasculitis. Physicians that are treating patients with vasculitis should be aware of the possible role of drugs and vaccines in the development ANCA-associated vasculitis."

Journal • Review • ANCA Vasculitis • Oncology • Vasculitis

Wheat grain moxibustion ameliorates oxidative stress in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats via cAMP/PKA pathway activation. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) - "Wheat grain moxibustion ameliorates oxidative stress in a propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid rat model, mediated through activation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. These results indicate its potential therapeutic utility in hypothyroidism management and mitigation of oxidative injury."

Journal • Preclinical • Endocrine Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • CAT • PDE3A

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in a Euthyroid Grave's Disease Patient on Methimazole (ACAAI 2025) - "He was initiated on prednisone (19.8 mg/m 2 /day) with blood transfusions but developed progressively severe anemia...His hemolysis stabilized by day 7, and he was discharged home on propylthiouracil and weekly rituximab (goal: four total doses) with plan for future radioactive iodine treatment...4 A single case report documents an association with hemolytic anemia and short-term methimazole use. 5 This is the first case report to describe AIHA in a euthyroid GD patient on long-term methimazole treatment."

Clinical • Anemia • Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Immunology

Long-term outcome and clinicopathological characteristics of propylthiouracil-induced ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis: a case-control study. (PubMed, Clin Exp Rheumatol) - "Patients with PTU-induced AAGN demonstrated distinct clinical features and more favourable renal outcomes despite persistent positivity of MPO-ANCA, indicating a less aggressive disease course compared to primary AAGN."

Journal • Glomerulonephritis • Lupus Nephritis • Nephrology

AN UNEXPECTED CULPRIT OF ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS WITH PULMONARY-RENAL SYNDROME (CHEST 2025) - "Rarely, ANCA-associated vasculitis can be drug-induced; most frequently by minocycline, propylthiouracil, hydralazine, and levamisole-adulterated cocaine...Treatment consists of high-dose steroids and immunosuppression with rituximab or cyclophosphamide and should not be delayed for biopsy... In patients with pulmonary-renal syndrome, initial evaluation should include a focused review of systems including constitutional symptoms, rashes, hemoptysis, and hematuria as well as detailed medication reconciliation and substance use history. Early recognition, medication discontinuation, and prompt initiation of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressive therapy are essential. The PEXIVAS trial raises important questions about the optimal treatment approach for AAV with DAH and renal involvement, highlighting the need for further research in this area."

Acute Kidney Injury • ANCA Vasculitis • Anemia • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Glomerulonephritis • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Lupus Nephritis • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Sleep Disorder • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Vasculitis

THE PERFECT STORM: THYROID STORM MASQUERADING AS SEPSIS IN CARDIOPULMONARY FAILURE (CHEST 2025) - "Management: She was treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) 500 mg, reduced to 300 mg and 200 mg due to liver enzyme elevation, then switched to methimazole. She received hydrocortisone 300 mg, propranolol 1 mg IV followed by 10 mg PO three times daily, and cholestyramine 4 Electrolytes were replaced for hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypophosphatemia, and severe hypoglycemia (glucose 20)... Thyroid Storm must always be kept in mind in the ICU while treating cases that show a tendency of sepsis a respiratory and circulatory failure setting. Misdiagnosis leads to incorrect sepsis management while the real cause worsens. Common practices such as checking thyroid panel can prevent fatal flaws in diagnosis and management."

Anemia • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Fatigue • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Severe Hypoglycemia

A RARE CASE OF HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM CAUSING THYROID STORM (CHEST 2025) - "Treatment was initiated with a 500 mg loading dose of propylthiouracil (PTU) followed by 250mg every four hours, 60mg of propranolol every 6 hours, 100 mg of IV hydrocortisone every 8 hours, and 0.2 ml of lugols iodine every 8 hours...The patient was discharged on day 10 with propranolol 60 mg BID and methimazole 10 mg daily, with close outpatient endocrinology follow-up... Although transient thyrotoxicosis can occur in HG, our case highlights the rare occurrence of a thyroid storm, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and urgent intervention to prevent multiorgan failure."

Clinical • Endocrine Disorders • Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia • Grave’s Disease • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Rare Diseases • Renal Disease

ADRENAL OVERDRIVE: PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA UNLEASHING THYROID STORM AND MULTIORGAN FAILURE (CHEST 2025) - "A Burch-Wartofsky Score of 65 was highly suggestive of thyroid storm, and treated with propranolol, propylthiouracil, and hydrocortisone.During transport, the patient became hypoxic, altered, and bradycardic...Doxazosin was initiated and additional diagnostic testing, including the 24-hour urine metanephrines/normetanephrine, which were elevated 4,361/766 μg/24hr, and serum metanephrines/normetanephrine were elevated to 2,954.3/1,395.6 pg/mL... This case highlights the importance of a thorough diagnostic evaluation, emphasizing the need for clinicians to consider pheochromocytoma in the assessment of refractory hyperthyroidism. Early recognition and management are key to reducing mortality in these patients who are already at high risk."

Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Movement Disorders • Neuroendocrine Tumor • Oncology • Solid Tumor

TRYING TO ESCAPE THE STORM: AN UNLIKELY CAUSE OF SYMPATHETIC CRASHING ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA (CHEST 2025) - "She was started on Propylthiouracil (PTU) and IV hydrocortisone, while beta-blockers were initially avoided due to her recent cocaine use...The methimazole and hydrocortisone were gradually tapered over the course of her hospital stay... This case highlights the importance of early recognition and treatment of thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm to prevent SCAPE, a condition with high mortality risk. It is crucial to consider thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm in the differential for patients presenting with acute respiratory distress, particularly those with a history of thyroid disease. If left untreated, thyroid storm has a significantly high mortality rate."

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Endocrine Disorders • Heart Failure • Respiratory Diseases

A CRISIS WITHIN A CRISIS: HYPOGLYCEMIA AND THYROID STORM (CHEST 2025) - "The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU) and started on propranolol, propylthiouracil, hydrocortisone, and cholestyramine...The patient was weaned off of dextrose infusion on day TSH and free T4 began to trend toward normal, and she was discharged on methimazole... Hypoglycemia, though uncommon, is a serious complication associated with thyroid storm. Early recognition and targeted management were key to improving outcomes. Increased awareness and thorough understanding of the interplay between thyroid storm and glycemic dysregulation can enhance clinical practice and patient care."

Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Dermatology • Endocrine Disorders • Heart Failure • Hypoglycemia • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Severe Hypoglycemia

ATTACK OF THE SINUS TACH: A CHALLENGING COMBINATION OF THYROID STORM AND CARDIOGENIC SHOCK (CHEST 2025) - "She was started on propylthiouracil, saturated solution of potassium iodide, and hydrocortisone...Typical management strategies still apply: 1) Anti-thyroid drugs (ATD), propylthiouracil or methimazole, to decrease T3 and T4 synthesis 2) potassium iodide, given only after ATD, to stop T3 and T4 release 3) Corticosteroids to stop the generation of T3. Beta-blockade in the form of propranolol is often prescribed in thyroid storm...If pursued, esmolol is a reasonable option given its short half-life... Thyroid storm can be a serious complication in pregnancy and is often precipitated by infection. A rare complication is cardiomyopathy and associated cardiogenic shock. Typical management strategies apply but beta-blockade should be used cautiously or avoided entirely."

Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Grave’s Disease • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

REFRACTORY CARDIOGENIC SHOCK IN INFLUENZA-ASSOCIATED THYROID STORM (CHEST 2025) - "The patient was immediately treated with propylthiouracil, propranolol, and hydrocortisone and was intubated ongoing hypoxia. Within an hour, she had multiple cardiac arrests that ceased after epinephrine each time and was eventually stabilized on multiple vasopressors and due to escalating requirements, VA ECMO was initiated as salvage therapy... In conclusion, the patient presented with classic symptoms of severe influenza infection but earlier consideration for thyroid disease led to rapid detection of thyrotoxicosis and was aggressively treated with early mechanical circulatory support and further with treated with plasma exchange for rapid correction of thyroid hormone levels."

Acute Kidney Injury • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Vascular Neurology