disulfiram / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Disulfiram-Induced Optic Neuropathy: Prognostic Factors, Literature Review and Comparison with Alcohol-Tobacco Induced Optic Neuropathy. (PubMed, Neuroophthalmology) - "Toxicity of disulfiram is probably dose-dependent, and partially reversible after withdrawal. Initiation of vitamin therapy was linked to better visual prognosis."

Biomarker • Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Optic Neuritis • Pain

Macrophage pyroptosis inhibition alleviates postinjury neointimal formation and vascular restenosis. (PubMed, J Transl Med) - No abstract available

Journal

World free HIV: the novel therapeutic approaches for eliminating latent HIV infection. (PubMed, Virol J) - "Some of the therapeutic alternatives mentioned are Shock and Kill, cytokines, chemokines, histone methyl transferase inhibitor, immunotherapy, protein kinase C activator, P-TEFb activator, and uncharacterized ones like vorinostat and disulfiram. These techniques have proven to be effective using models working with CD4 + T lymphocytes and dormant cell lines in HIV-1 infected patients. The given paper includes an in-depth evaluation of the existing situation in the field and its hardships."

Journal • Review • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Exploring the Role and Mechanism of DSF in HFpEF Based on IL-1β/IL-1βR/TAK1/RIPK1 Axis-Mediated PANoptosis. (PubMed, Int Heart J) - "In recent years, disulfiram (DSF), an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of chronic alcohol addiction, has been found to have anti-inflammatory properties...Mechanistically, we found that DSF inhibited myocardial PANoptosis-like cell death, mainly by inhibiting the release of myocardial interleukin 1β (IL-1β), which inhibited transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1(TAK1)-mediated PANoptosis. Given the cardioprotective effects of DSF, its clinical use would be a novel strategy for the protection and treatment of cardiac injury in patients with HFpEF."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • IL1B • RIPK1

The Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Vitamin C in Combination with Disulfiram for the Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (ChiCTR) - P1/2 | N=32 | Recruiting | Sponsor: West China Hospital of Sichuan University; West China Hospital of Sichuan University

New P1/2 trial • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • ALK • EGFR • KEAP1 • ROS1

Alcohol and drug interactions. (PubMed, Cas Lek Cesk) - "A significant risk with several drugs represents so called disulfiram reaction...Interaction studies are limited by associated liver injury, small sample sizes, and variability in ethanol doses. Polymorbid elderly and patients with liver cirrhosis are at the highest risk."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Depression • Epilepsy • Fibrosis • Gastroenterology • Hepatology • Hypoglycemia • Hypotension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure • Psychiatry • CYP2E1

m6A modification of ATOX1 inhibits acute myeloid leukemia progression by promoting cuproptosis. (PubMed, Cancer Res Commun) - "In this study, elesclomol (ES) or disulfiram (DSF)/Cu was used to induce cuproptosis, and bathocuproine disulfonic acid (BCS) was used to inhibit it. In vivo, the role of the ALKBH5-ATOX1 axis in AML progression has also been confirmed. In Conclusion, The demethylase ALKBH5 downregulates ATOX1 by reducing its m⁶A levels, thereby modulating cuproptosis in AML-a mechanism that offers potential novel insights and therapeutic targets for AML treatment."

Journal • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • ALKBH5

Race, Ethnicity, and Language Differences in Inpatient Discharge Prescriptions for Alcohol Use Disorder at an Academic Medical Center. (PubMed, J Gen Intern Med) - "These findings suggest that structured hospital-based addiction services may help mitigate disparities in AUD treatment by expanding equitable access to MAUD among racial, ethnic, and language minority patients."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Initiation of pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder in Japan: a longitudinal descriptive study. (PubMed, Alcohol Alcohol) - "Although the observed incidence may have been inflated by Japan's reimbursement policy, which requires an AUD diagnosis before medication can be prescribed, pharmacotherapy initiation exceeded that reported in other countries and has increased steadily since FY 2012. Introduction of new drugs and guideline dissemination appear to have accelerated treatment initiation and substantially altered treatment practice. These findings can help clinicians and policy-makers close the persistent treatment gap."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol)

A Novel ALDH2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder: Preclinical Findings. (PubMed, Cells) - "The preclinical data support further clinical study of SOPH-110S as a potential ALDH2 inhibitor treatment for AUD. The FDA approved the IND to conduct a first-in-man phase 1 study in September 2025."

First-in-human • Journal • Preclinical • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Cardiovascular • ALDH2

Disulfiram/Copper Combined with Irradiation Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Melanoma. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "In addition, DSF/Cu combined with IR treatment inhibited tumor growth and enhanced tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the B16F10-bearing C57BL/6 model. Our findings reveal that combining IR with DSF/Cu induces ICD and inhibits tumor growth in melanoma, providing a promising strategy to overcome the inherent resistance of RT in melanoma."

Journal • Melanoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CALR • HMGB1

Disulfiram-like reaction due to the interaction between vaping and metronidazole: a case report. (PubMed, Br Dent J) - "This case report highlights a suspected drug interaction between metronidazole and propylene glycol from e-cigarette use, leading to a disulfiram-like reaction in a healthy 25-year-old male. Thorough history-taking and clear patient guidance regarding vaping habits are essential for the safe prescribing of metronidazole and vigilant monitoring for adverse reactions, as outlined in the practice recommendations at the end of this report."

Journal

ALDH2 and NFκB Activation Restores VEGFR2 Expression and Angiogenesis Impaired by 4-HNE in Coronary Endothelial Cells. (PubMed, Cell Biochem Funct) - "To test this, MCECs were treated with disulfiram (DSF; 2.5 μM), an ALDH2 inhibitor; Alda-1 (10 μM), an ALDH2 activator; and prostratin (10 μM), an NFκB activator, prior to 4HNE (75 μM) exposure...Alda-1 restored VEGFR2 levels suppressed by 4HNE, and this effect was further potentiated by prostratin (p < 0.0005 vs. Alda1). In conclusion, NFκB activation enhances the protective effect of ALDH2 against 4HNE-induced angiogenic dysfunction by restoring VEGFR2 expression."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • ALDH2

A phase 1/2 study of disulfiram and copper with concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. (PubMed, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys) - "The maximum tolerated dose of DSF with RT and TMZ is 375 mg/day. DSF/Cu showed limited clinical efficacy for most patients. However, promising efficacy was observed in BRAF-mutant GBM, warranting further investigation."

Journal • P1/2 data • Brain Cancer • CNS Tumor • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • BRAF • NF1

Disulfiram-induced c-FOS influences lipid metabolism and angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PubMed, Sci China Life Sci) - "Moreover, high levels of expression of TRMT10C and PCSK9 in human HCC tumor tissues were associated with poor prognosis, while c-FOS showed the opposite pattern, confirming that the TRMT10C-c-FOS-PCSK9 axis is an important mechanism in HCC. In conclusion, copper ion carrier-DSF promotes the expression of c-FOS by inhibiting the m1A methyltransferase TRMT10C, thereby reversing the dysregulation of lipid metabolism and inhibiting angiogenesis in HCC."

Journal • Dyslipidemia • Hepatocellular Cancer • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Solid Tumor • FOS

Disulfiram-enhanced bacterial cuproptosis-like death synergized with chemodynamic therapy for potentiated resistant infection treatment and accelerated wound healing. (PubMed, J Colloid Interface Sci) - "Moreover, the developed hydrogel fostered a pro-healing microenvironment by promoting angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and fibroblast proliferation in a mouse model of the MRSA-infected wound. This hydrogel-based DSF-enhanced bacterial cuproptosis-like death provides a synergized strategy for treating antibiotic-resistant infected wounds."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Pyroptosis in Ischemic Stroke: Roles, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies. (PubMed, Restor Neurol Neurosci) - "Pharmacological inhibition of inflammasomes (MCC950, CY-09, OLT1177), caspases (VX-765, Ac-YVAD-CMK), or gasdermins (disulfiram, necrosulfonamide) markedly reduces IL-1β/IL-18 release and preserves neurovascular integrity in preclinical models, highlighting pyroptosis as a therapeutically tractable axis in ischemic stroke. Despite these advances, challenges remain in defining temporal-cellular specificity and achieving clinical translation. Integrating single-cell multi-omics, spatial imaging, and nanocarrier-based delivery systems may enable precise, phase-adaptive modulation of pyroptosis, transforming destructive inflammation into controlled neurovascular recovery."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Ischemic stroke • Metabolic Disorders • Vascular Neurology • CASP4 • IL18 • IL1B • NLRP3 • STING • TXNIP

Medication Availability for Alcohol Use Disorder in Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities. (PubMed, JAMA Netw Open) - "This nationwide cross-sectional study used data from the Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Tracking Repository, which includes longitudinal data on licensed SUDTFs and whether they offer MAUD (acamprosate, disulfiram, or naltrexone), to quantify trends in MAUD availability at SUDTFs from January 2017 to December 2023. In this cross-sectional study, the proportion of SUDTFs offering MAUD increased from 2017 to 2021, but growth then plateaued. Policies supporting the expansion of MAUD-providing facilities, particularly in underserved counties, may be needed to address persistent gaps in access."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

The Role of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treating Alcohol Use Disorder: Neural Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Future Directions. (PubMed, Alpha Psychiatry) - "Although pharmacotherapies such as disulfiram, naltrexone, and acamprosate are available, their effectiveness is limited and patient adherence is often poor. Emerging evidence suggests that rTMS may reduce alcohol craving and consumption, although results have been mixed. This review examines the neural mechanisms by which rTMS may influence AUD, summarizes current clinical evidence of its efficacy, and discusses future directions."

Journal • Review • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Drug-Related Halitosis: A Narrative Review. (PubMed, Int Dent J) - "Multiple groups of medications can act as an underlying cause for halitosis. However, more research is needed to monitor halitosis as an independent side effect and to investigate the mechanism by which each medication causes halitosis."

Journal • Dental Disorders • Xerostomia

A deep learning and large language hybrid workflow for omics interpretation. (PubMed, Nat Biomed Eng) - "We also show that LyMOI highlights two human oncoproteins, CTSL and FAM98A, for enhancing autophagy upon treatment with disulfiram (DSF), an antitumour agent. Silencing these genes in vitro attenuates DSF-mediated autophagy and suppresses cancer cell proliferation. Strikingly, DSF treatment with Z-FY-CHO, a CTSL-specific inhibitor previously used for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, potently inhibits tumour growth in vivo."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases

Delivery of disulfiram by Copper-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles in combination with doxycycline for treating colorectal cancer liver metastasis. (PubMed, J Drug Target) - "In an orthotopic CCLM model, DSF@Cu-MSNs-BSA/DOX combination suppressed hepatic metastasis by 72-75%, extending median survival by 51% versus control (P  0.05). The Goldie-Coldman synergy index (q = 1.18) confirmed supra-additive efficacy. This nanoplatform addresses DSF's pharmacokinetic limitations while leveraging DOX's mitochondrial targeting, offering a promising strategy for metastatic CRC management with favorable safety profiles."

Journal • Colorectal Cancer • Hepatocellular Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Drug-induced mania and parkinsonism in substance use disorder patient: A case report. (PubMed, Indian J Pharmacol) - "This case report investigates mania and parkinsonism induced by olanzapine and disulfiram in a patient with substance use disorder. Naranjo scale indicated a probable drug reaction (score = 7), while Hartwig Severity Assessment (Level 4) suggested that hospitalization was required and these reactions were nonpreventable. The case underscores the need for vigilant monitoring and tailored treatment in patients with psychiatric conditions."

Journal • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry

Rates of Diagnosis and Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder Among All of Us Participants with Unhealthy Alcohol Use. (PubMed, J Gen Intern Med) - "In this cohort of U.S. adults with unhealthy alcohol use, AUD was underdiagnosed across all risk level with females, racial/ethnic minorities, residence in economically deprived areas, and private insurance holders more likely to be undiagnosed. Given the strong association between diagnosis and treatment receipt, these diagnostic disparities are likely to contribute to inequities in care."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Anti-alcoholism drug disulfiram inhibits PANoptosis by blocking mitochondrial permeabilization in macrophages. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "In a mouse model of HLH, intraperitoneal administration of disulfiram substantially decreased systemic inflammation and mitigated liver, lung and kidney injury, which were accompanied by reduced activation of PANoptosis signaling in these organs. A previously unappreciated action of disulfiram to inhibit PANoptosis both in vitro and in vivo was discovered, thus repurposing this anti-alcoholism drug for the treatment of PANoptosis-related inflammatory diseases."

Journal • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Rare Diseases • Renal Disease • GSDME • NLRP3