colestipol / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and concurrent autoimmune disease (ASH 2025) - "methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ),azathioprine); 9 required biologic/targeted DMARD (ex. adalimumab, etanercept, risankizumab,infliximab, rituximab).DMARDs were weaned prior to CART however 9 pts (37.5%) remained on AID tx at the time of cellcollection, including HCQ (n=4), sulfasalazine/mesalamine (n=2), and 1 each of prednisone, colestipol,sulfasalazine, and apremilast... In this single center study of pts receiving CART for NHL we found no difference in responserates nor survival outcomes in pts with or without AID and therefore propose that AID should notpreclude the use of CART. Lower severity of ICANS was seen in AID pts, though additional study withlarger cohorts is required. The majority of pts were able to taper off AID tx prior to CART, while HCQ wasable to be safely continued throughout CART collection with no apparent effect on CART efficacy."

CAR T-Cell Therapy • Clinical • Ankylosing Spondylitis • B Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma • CNS Disorders • Dermatology • Dermatomyositis • Gastroenterology • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lymphoma • Myasthenia Gravis • Myositis • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Psoriasis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Lipid-Lowering Therapy Is Underutilized Across LDL-C Levels in Autoimmune Disease Compared to Diabetes: A Nationwide Analysis (AHA 2025) - "Statins included atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin. Non-statin therapies included icosapent ethyl, colesevelam, alirocumab, evolocumab, Bempedoic acid, cholestyramine, Inclisiran, colestipol, ezetimibe, gemfibrozil, omega-3 acid, fenofibrate...Non-statin lipid-lowering therapy use was significantly lower in autoimmune patients compared to those with diabetes across all LDL-C tertiles, with the largest differences observed at LDL <70 mg/dL (6.19% vs 10.24%, p<0.0001) and 70–99 mg/dL (4.05% vs 7.06%, p<0.0001).ConclusionDespite comparable ASCVD risk, patients with autoimmune disease are significantly less likely to receive statins or non-statin lipid-lowering therapy than those with DM across LDL-C levels. These findings show a need for improved cardiovascular prevention in this high-risk population."

Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Metabolic Disorders • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Diffuse Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Secondary to Strongyloides stercoralis (ACG 2025) - "Despite treatment with Reglan for concerns of esophageal dysmotility and Carafate, he lost 65lbs and intermittently required parenteral nutrition...Patient was placed on prednisone and colestipol, and although his weight stabilized, his diarrhea persisted with intermittent nocturnal incontinence...Colonic biopsy revealing extensive background eosinophilia1b. Evidence of rare parasitic microorganisms within crypts"

Eosinophilia • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease

A Macroscopic Mystery: An Atypical Presentation of Microscopic Colitis (ACG 2025) - "Budesonide and cholestyramine offered limited relief.In the setting of persistent symptoms and fecal calprotectin elevation to 2410mcg/gm, vedolizumab was initiated...Despite use of vedolizumab, colestipol 4gm, budesonide 9mg, and anti-diarrheals, the patient remained symptomatic with multiple bowel movements per day.The patient was subsequently changed to infliximab...This case underscores the importance of recognizing atypical features of collagenous colitis and maintaining a high index of suspicion for overlapping or evolving diagnoses, particularly in those who fail conventional therapy. This case also elevates the discussion of microscopic colitis as part of a spectrum of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases.Figure: Index colonoscopy with mucosal inflammation and possible pseudomembranes"

Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Mucositis

Management of Type 2 Amiodarone-Induced Thyrotoxicosis With a Combination of Low-Dose Prednisone and Bile Acid Resin to Attain Euthyroid State. (PubMed, AACE Endocrinol Diabetes) - "The patients were treated with a combination of moderately low-dose prednisone (25 mg/d and 20 mg/d, respectively) and bile acid binding resins (colestipol 3 g/d and cholestyramine 12 g/d, respectively). This combination treatment effectively managed thyrotoxicosis while minimizing steroid exposure. In patients with type 2 AIT and relative contraindication to high-dose steroids, a combination of moderately low-dose prednisone and bile acid binding resins offers a safe and effective treatment alternative."

Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Hepatitis B • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Osteoporosis • Rheumatology

Efficacy and Safety of Adjunctive Bile Acid Sequestrant Therapy for Thyrotoxicosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (ATA 2025) - "This meta-analysis assesses the potential utility of BAS adjunctive therapy to lower serum iodothyronine levels more rapidly than standard therapy alone. We systematically searched across MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases from database inception to January 2025, to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the reduction of serum free T4 and total T3 levels in non-critically ill adult patients with hyperthyroidism receiving standard therapy (thionamides and beta-blocker) with adjunctive BAS (cholestyramine or colestipol) versus standard therapy alone. The use of adjunctive BAS compared to standard hyperthyroidism therapy alone showed statistical significance on the reduction of total T3 and free T4 at the mark of 4 weeks. Overall, there were minimal adverse effects noted by the addition of BAS. This study is limited by the small patient sample size of the trials and larger RCTs are needed to strengthen the evidence regarding the efficacy..."

Retrospective data • Review • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease

Fecal and Clinical Profiles of Dogs With Chronic Enteropathies Treated With Bile Acid Sequestrants for 5-47 Months: A Retrospective Case Series. (PubMed, J Vet Intern Med) - "Treatment with BAS as adjunctive treatment potentially may benefit some dogs with nonresponsive or partially immunosuppressive-responsive enteropathy or CE dogs requiring high doses of corticosteroids."

Journal • Retrospective data • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Metabolic Disorders

Management Of Type II Amiodarone-induced Thyrotoxicosis With Low Dose Prednisone And Colestipol, A Bile Acid Binding Resin. (ENDO 2025) - "He was treated with amiodarone 6 months ago, but with onset of thyrotoxicosis, he was switched to dronedarone. Colestipol, a bile acid binding resin has dual mechanism of action in the management of thyrotoxicosis associated with thyroiditis. Bile-salt sequestrants bind thyroid hormones in the intestine and thereby increase their fecal excretion. Studies have also indicated that colestipol significantly reduces the enterohepatic circulation of amiodarone and lowers the serum levels of amiodarone."

Late-breaking abstract • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Endocrine Disorders • Heart Failure • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Thyroid Eye Disease

Update of safety profile of bile acid sequestrants: A real-world pharmacovigilance study of the FDA adverse event reporting system. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "This large-scale FAERS study updates the safety profiles of BASs, highlighting distinct risk patterns and delayed complications. The findings support personalized monitoring strategies that consider both drug-specific characteristics and temporal AE patterns."

Adverse events • Journal • Real-world evidence • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain

TRANSORAL OUTLET REDUCTION FOR TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY BILE ACID ESOPHAGITIS AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS AND BRAUN ENTEROENTEROSTOMY (SSAT 2025) - "Initial management involves treatment with bile acid sequestrants such as ursodeoxycholic acid and PPI therapy...She was initially trialed on PPI and bile acid sequestrants including cholestyramine and colestipol with mild relief of her symptoms...TORe has gained increasing recognition for treatment of weight recurrence in patients with dilated GJ outlet after RYGB. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the use of TORe for treatment of refractory bile acid reflux in a patient with RYGB and dilated GJ outlet."

Bariatric surgery • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Pain • Peptic Ulcer

TRANSORAL OUTLET REDUCTION FOR TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY BILE ACID ESOPHAGITIS AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS AND BRAUN ENTEROENTEROSTOMY (DDW 2025) - "Initial management involves treatment with bile acid sequestrants such as ursodeoxycholic acid and PPI therapy...She was initially trialed on PPI and bile acid sequestrants including cholestyramine and colestipol with mild relief of her symptoms...TORe has gained increasing recognition for treatment of weight recurrence in patients with dilated GJ outlet after RYGB. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the use of TORe for treatment of refractory bile acid reflux in a patient with RYGB and dilated GJ outlet."

Bariatric surgery • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Pain • Peptic Ulcer

Comparative Effectiveness of Bile Acid Sequestrants and Antibiotics in the Management of Acute Pouchitis: A Matched Cohort Study from the United States. (PubMed, Dig Dis Sci) - "Using real-world evidence regarding treatment of pouchitis compared to standard antibiotic therapy, BAS monotherapy was not inferior for initial treatment response and significantly prolonged time to recurrent pouchitis."

HEOR • Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Ulcerative Colitis

Comparison chart: Safety of drugs for IBS in pregnancy and lactation. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Drugs for irritable bowel syndrome. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal • Constipation • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Comparison chart: Some drugs for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Figure 1: Treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal • Constipation • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Cholestyramine in hemodialysis: a new approach for hyperphosphatemia management. (PubMed, Korean J Physiol Pharmacol) - P4 | "Cholestyramine is chosen for study in hemodialysis patients based on the effectiveness and safety of bile acid sequestrants such colestilan and colestipol in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia and hypercholesterolemia in hemodialysis patients. Median serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels had decreased significantly versus baseline values in the cholestyramine group. Cholestyramine used with phosphate binders effectively lowers phosphorus levels, improves the lipid profile, and has mild adverse effects."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Dyslipidemia • Endocrine Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Orthopedics • Renal Disease • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Colestipol for Abemaciclib Induced Diarrhea (ASHP 2024) - No abstract available

Comparative Effectiveness of Bile Acid Sequestrants and Antibiotics in the Management of Pouchitis: A Matched Cohort Study From the United States (ACG 2024) - "Treatment groups were divided into: BAS (cholestyramine, colesevelam, colestipol), antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and/or metronidazole), and combination therapy of both BAS and antibiotics. Our analysis included 1064 patients (mean age 35.8±15 years, female 44%) of who 677 (64%) developed recurrent pouchitis. After adjusting for confounders, there was no significant difference in the odds of early relapse or nonresponse with BAS compared with antibiotic monotherapy (aOR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.42-1.54) or combination therapy (aOR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.38-1.57) (Table 1). When compared with patients treated with antibiotics, patients treated with BAS had a statistically significant lower recurrent pouchitis rate (aOR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.23-0.68)."

HEOR • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Hepatology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Obesity • Oncology • Ulcerative Colitis

A Decade-Long Search: Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis in a Young Adult (ACG 2024) - "He was then started on ursodiol and colestipol for prevention of further hepatotoxicity, and symptomatic management of pruritus. As such, they require long-term monitoring. Treatment is directed towards prevention of further hepatotoxicity; management of chronic, significant pruritus; and nutritional supplementation."

Clinical • Biliary Cancer • Cholangiocarcinoma • Cholestasis • Dermatology • Fibrosis • Gastrointestinal Cancer • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Oncology • Pain • Pancreatitis • Pediatrics • Pruritus • Solid Tumor • ABCB4

Microscopic Colitis: An Underestimated Disease of Growing Importance. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "Treatment consists of budesonide oral (the gold standard) or enema. Alternatives include bile acid sequestrants (cholestyramine, colesevelam, and colestipol), biologics (infliximab, adalimumab, and vedolizumab), thiopurines, methotrexate, and rarely, surgery."

Journal • Review • Celiac Disease • Crohn's disease • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Obesity • Pain • Rare Diseases • Ulcerative Colitis

Efficacy of Bile Acid Sequestrants in the Treatment of Bile Acid Diarrhea: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. (PubMed, J Clin Pharmacol) - "Among BAS-treated patients, 101 (60.1%) received colesevelam, 40 (23.8%) received chenodeoxycholate, 18 (10.7%) received cholestyramine, and 9 (5.3%) received colestid. There were no differences in urgency, adverse events, or nausea between groups. These findings indicate that BASs are effective in the treatment of BAD, as indicated by the improvement or cessation of diarrhea episodes."

Journal • Retrospective data

EFFECTIVENESS OF BILE ACID SEQUESTRANTS IN MICROSCOPIC COLITIS AND THE UTILITY OF BILE ACID TESTING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS (DDW 2024) - " A systematic search of randomized control trials (RCTs) and observational studies of adults with biopsy-proven MC (lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis) treated with BAS (cholestyramine colesevelam colestipol) was conducted using Medline Embase Cochrane and Scopus from inception to 7/13/ 0 3. In this large systematic review and meta-analysis one third of patients with MC had BAM and almost two thirds of all patients responded to BAS with limited side effects. Additionally patients with MC and BAM were more likely to respond to BAS therapy supporting the utility of bile acid testing in predicting response to treatment."

Retrospective data • Review • Dyspepsia • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Pain

The Epidemiology of Bile Acid Diarrhea in Denmark. (PubMed, Clin Epidemiol) - "Since the International Classification of Diseases diagnosis code for BAD was not used until 2021, we identified the BAD population by referral to SeHCAT testing followed by a prescription of a bile acid sequestrant (colestyramine, colestipol or colesevelam) within 365 days. The BAD population had more co-morbidities and more health care contacts as well as lower levels of education and income compared with age- and sex-matched controls from the general population. Using the Danish registries, we identified a BAD population, which seems to be inferior in health care and socio-economic parameters compared with the Danish general population."

Journal

Prevalence and Choice of Pharmacologic Management of Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome During Pregnancy (ACG 2023) - "Pylori Antibiotics = Metronidazole, Clarithromycin, Levofloxacin, Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Tinidazole, Nitazoxanide, Rifabutin. Anti-Diarrheals = Loperamide, Diphenoxylate, Bismuth Salicylate. Bile Acid Sequestrants = Cholestyramine, Colesevelam, Colestipol. Bowel Stimulants = Bisacodyl, Sennosides. Exposure to IBS or FD medications was significantly elevated in IBSFD compared to NONE. 17,984 of 48,208 IBSFD patients (37%) were exposed to proton pump inhibitors compared to 266,835 of 3,046,065 (9%) of NONE (OR 6.20; 95% CI 6.08 - 6.52). 1.4% of IBSFD were exposed to Rifaximin compared to 0.032% of NONE (OR 44.44; CI 40.19 - 49.14)."

Dyspepsia • Gastrointestinal Disorder