NexoBrid (bromelain) / MediWound, Kaken Pharma, Teva - LARVOL DELTA

Effect of whey protein hydrolysate isolation as a partial replacement of fetal bovine serum on proliferation and differentiation of Hanwoo primary muscle cells. (PubMed, Food Sci Anim Resour) - "WPH was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis using bromelain...Therefore, 0.06 mg/mL WPH was found to be the most suitable concentration for differentiation. These results suggest that WPH can effectively replace FBS to reduce the production costs of cultured meat and increase the value of by-product utilization, while providing a sustainable and ethical alternative source of nutrients."

Journal

Anticancer Effects of Bromelain on HUH7 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through Modulation of the EGFR/PI3K Pathway (APASL 2026) - No abstract available

Hepatocellular Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Comparative Effectiveness of Lidocaine- Versus Nifedipine-Based Multimodal Conservative Regimens for Acute Hemorrhoidal Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study. (PubMed, J Clin Gastroenterol) - "In this multicentre retrospective cohort study, structured multimodal conservative therapy, particularly the lidocaine-based regimen, was associated with faster symptom relief, improved patient-reported quality of life, and a reduced need for urgent procedures compared with standard conservative care for AHD. These findings suggest the need for further prospective evaluation of lidocaine-centred multimodal protocols in the conservative management of AHD."

HEOR • Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Pain

Impact of Plant and Microbial Proteases Treatment on Quality Characteristics of Beef Longissimus Thoracis and Lumborum. (PubMed, Food Sci Anim Resour) - "This study was aimed to determine the effects of accelerated aging process provided by enzyme treatments (0.01 g/kg, 0.02 g/kg and 0.05 g/kg concentrations of papain, bromelain and fungal protease enzymes) on the quality characteristics of longissimus thoracis (LT) and longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles...Considering muscle type, LT samples were more appreciated in terms of textural and sensorial properties compared to the LL samples. The results revealed that treatment with plant and microbial proteases improved the quality parameters of beef meat depending on the enzyme concentration to providing palatable meat in a reduced aging period."

Journal

Optimization, Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Fish Protein Hydrolysate from Payangka (Ophieleotris aporos) using Papain and Bromelain. (PubMed, Pak J Biol Sci) - "<b></b> Fish protein hydrolysate from Payangka, particularly using 4% papain, demonstrates high bioactivity and favorable amino acid composition, highlighting its potential as a functional ingredient for food fortification. Future research could explore its incorporation into food products and long-term bioactivity."

Journal

A magnetic multi-enzyme nanoplatform for high-purity collagen preparation through efficient contaminant protein elimination. (PubMed, J Mater Chem B) - "To overcome these limitations, we developed MagMEN, a magnetic multi-enzyme purification platform integrating magnetic trypsin, pepsin, bromelain, and papain...Moreover, it achieves a collagen purification efficiency of 93.42% ± 0.66%, selectively degrading contaminant proteins while preserving the native triple-helical structure of collagen. The successful implementation of MagMEN for the preparation of high-purity collagen establishes an efficient, safe, and sustainable purification strategy, though its application in the scalable production of collagen warrants further investigation."

Journal

Effect of Topical Bromelain Versus Topical Corticosteroids in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=42 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Cairo University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting | Initiation date: Jun 2025 ➔ Feb 2026

Enrollment open • Trial initiation date • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Lichen Planus

Turning Agricultural Waste Into Enzymatic Treasure: Bromelain Stability in Pineapple Crown and Peel Waste From Subang District, Indonesia. (PubMed, Biochem Res Int) - "The total protein content and protease activity were 169.94 ± 2.68 μg/mL and 46.35 ± 0.69 IU/mg for crown bromelain, while those for peel bromelain were 229.75 ± 15.61 μg/mL and 29.10 ± 1.98 IU/mg, respectively. In conclusion, pineapple crown waste has the potential to be developed as a source of bromelain."

Journal

Management of mild hand-foot syndrome associated with medical cancer therapies with an alcohol-free moisturizing and reparative gel containing omental lipids, urea, bromelain, and carnosine: a pilot prospective 12-week study. (PubMed, Dermatol Reports) - "In this pilot study, an alcohol-free gel containing emollient and reparative components demonstrated beneficial effects on pain/dysesthesia and quality of life in patients with chemotherapy-induced grade 1 HFS. Controlled, well-designed trials are warranted to further define its therapeutic potential in this clinical setting."

Journal • Dermatology • Oncology • Pain

Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds from waste-derived collagen and cellulose acetate for enhanced wound healing. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "In this investigation, nanofibrous mats were engineered via electrospinning, employing collagen extracted from untanned rawhide trimmings using bromelain enzyme, dried jackfruit leaves-derived cellulose acetate (CA), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and tea tree essential oil (EO) for wound healing applications...In vivo experimentation using a mice model showcased accelerated wound healing within 8 days, facilitating rapid re-epithelialization, reduced epidermal thickness (9.33 ± 1.35 μm), and minimized scar formation (352.36 ± 50.56 μm) and collagen anisotropy (0.155 ± 0.021). These findings emphasized the promising potential of the nanofibers as an innovative wound dressing material, offering significant implications for clinical practice and biomedical research."

Journal • MLH1

Identification of an Anti-inflammatory Peptide from Walnut (Juglans sigillata) Protein and the Effect on DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice. (PubMed, J Agric Food Chem) - "The bromelain hydrolysate, which was further separated using ultrafiltration and RP-HPLC, presented the highest anti-inflammatory effect...Concurrently, VR6 maintained intestinal barrier function by elevating zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-1 levels by 3.43, 1.45, and 2.66 times, respectively. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis indicated that VR6 could reverse the gut microbiota imbalance and improve the production of short-chain fatty acids."

Journal • Preclinical • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • CLDN1 • NFKB1 • OCLN • TJP1 • TLR4

Fish skin (Kerecis Omega 3 Wound®) vs Suprathel® in deep dermal burns: An intraindividual comparison of long-term scar quality. (PubMed, J Burn Care Res) - "This prospective, intraindividual study included 21 patients with deep dermal burns of the hands and feet, who underwent enzymatic debridement using Nexobrid®...However, no significant differences were found in the POSAS Patient Scale. Both dressings provide satisfactory long-term scar outcomes in enzymatically debrided deep dermal burns, with Kerecis® showing trends toward more physiological scar characteristics in selected parameters, warranting further patient-centered research."

Journal • Dermatology • Thermal Injury

Environmental Mycotoxins and Brain Health: Protective Role of Bromelain Against Fumonisin B1 in SH-SY5Y Cells. (PubMed, Environ Toxicol) - "These findings emphasize the neurotoxic risk posed by FB1 and highlight bromelain as a promising multi-target protective agent. Identifying effective countermeasures against environmental neurotoxins is crucial for public health and disease prevention."

Journal • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Neuroblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • IL6 • TNFA

Paediatric burn care: pain management during enzymatic debridement with NexoBrid (PAS 2026) - No abstract available

Pain • Pediatrics

The ENGAGE Protocol: ENzymatic debridement with NexoBrid® Followed by Grafting After Graded early Excision - A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, J Burn Care Res) - "The ENGAGE protocol reduces hospital stay without compromising grafting or survival outcomes. By incorporating early, biologically guided excision after enzymatic debridement, it offers a structured and effective refinement of modern burn wound management."

Journal • Retrospective data

Effects of bromelain, melatonin, and thymoquinone on neutrophil extracellular trap formation and macrophage polarization in experimental periodontitis. (PubMed, J Appl Oral Sci) - "Thymoquinone exhibited comparatively more favorable patterns, and overall, all agents showed trends that may support their consideration as adjunctive approaches in periodontitis management."

Journal • Dental Disorders • Inflammation • Osteoporosis • Periodontitis • CD68 • CD80 • MRC1

Clinical outcomes of bromelain-based enzymatic debridement (NexoBrid®): evidence from the Italian National Burn Database. (PubMed, Burns) - "These findings confirm the safety of NexoBrid® and its potential procedural benefits, particularly in reducing the invasiveness of early surgical management. While enzymatic debridement may increase surgical workload due to planned grafting, it remains a valuable tool in selected patients. Further prospective research is needed to clarify its long-term functional and resource-related impact, but its role in modern burn care appears increasingly consolidated."

Clinical data • Journal • Thermal Injury

Efficacy and Safety of Bromelain-Based Enzymatic Debridement for Chronic Wounds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. (PubMed, Wound Repair Regen) - "Safety was comparable (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.76-1.36; I2 = 0), and leave-one-out analyses for adverse events showed no influential study. BBD improves the likelihood of complete debridement without increasing adverse events, suggesting a possible role in its use as a selective, non-surgical adjunct alongside guideline-directed care."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review

Enzymatic Tenderization of Garden Snail Meat (Cornu aspersum aspersum) Using Plant Cysteine Proteases. (PubMed, Molecules) - "Samples treated with 10% ginger extract achieved the highest overall sensory score (4.6/5), exceeding the control (3.9) and papain- or bromelain-treated samples (4.1-4.2). In conclusion, although bromelain exhibited the strongest proteolytic activity, a 10% ginger extract was identified as the optimal treatment, providing effective tenderization while preserving structural integrity and sensory quality."

Journal • Targeted Protein Degradation

A Multi-Component Nutraceutical Formulation for the Management of Vascular and Inflammatory Alterations Characteristic of the Oedema Disorders. (PubMed, Nutrients) - "This study explores a novel nutraceutical formulation (NF) based on the combination of different natural extracts, i.e., Melilotus officinalis L., Olea europaea L., Morinda citrifolia L., Quercus robur L., and bromelain, aimed at reducing inflammation, a key contributor to oedema pathophysiology...In addition, NF could decrease the paw thickness in the rat-based carrageenan-induced oedema model (Charles River, Calco, Italy; n = 30) by 22.5% compared to the control (95% CI 11.0-34.0, p < 0.05). These results suggest that NF may provide a multi-target approach to support the management of some physiopathological changes in complex oedema-related conditions by both modulating inflammation and restoring vascular functionality."

Journal • Inflammation • IL1B • IL6 • ITGAM • MRC1 • TNFA

Bromelain mitigates monosodium glutamate-induced neurobehavioral impairment in mice by modulating AChE-MAO-GAD and oxido-inflammatory pathways: Experimental and computational insights. (PubMed, Neurotoxicol Teratol) - "Male Swiss mice (7-8 weeks) received MSG (4 g/kg, i.p.) to induce excitotoxicity and were subsequently treated orally with bromelain (50 or 100 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (1 mg/kg) for 21 days. AlphaFold3 modeling revealed a compact, high-confidence bromelain conformation (pLDDT >90) with strong predicted binding affinities to catalytically active residues of AChE, MAO-B, and GAD, supporting its multi-target neuromodulatory role. Altogether, these findings provide the first integrated experimental and computational evidence that bromelain confers neuroprotection by regulating redox homeostasis, inflammation, and neurotransmitter signaling, highlighting its promise as a nutraceutical candidate for mitigating glutamate-mediated neurodegenerative disorders."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Pain

Evaluation of Microleakage Beneath Orthodontic Molar Bands Cemented With Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Using Two Enamel Deproteinization Agents. (PubMed, Int J Dent) - "This study revealed that the pretreatment of enamel with 6% bromelain enzyme significantly reduced the microleakage beneath orthodontic bands cemented with RMGI cement (RMGIC). Improved marginal sealing by 6% bromelain enzyme was significant compared with that of the CHX pretreatment and untreated enamel surfaces."

Journal

Valorization of Pineapple Peel Waste through Immobilized Crude Bromelain for Enhanced Feed Protein Hydrolysis. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "Immobilized CBr exhibited sustained catalytic performance, retaining over 60% of its initial activity after four cycles. Collectively, these results highlight the potential of the immobilized crude bromelain as a robust and efficient biocatalyst for the enhancement of nutritional value in feed protein."

Journal

Purification and functional characterization of two basic proteases of South American Bromelia antiacantha fruit. (PubMed, Biochimie) - "Kinetic studies with synthetic substrates revealed differences in specificity and catalytic efficiency between the two enzymes and compared to stem bromelain, supporting their functional differences. Peptide mass fingerprinting further confirmed sequence homology with Fastuosain while highlighting structural divergences. Together, these findings establish AntB and AntC as robust and versatile proteases with promising potential for biotechnological, industrial, and biomedical applications and reinforce the value of underexploited bromeliad species as sustainable sources of biocatalysts."

Journal

Biochemical properties of proteolytic extracts from different Zingiber officinale varieties and their catalytic role in myofibrillar degradation: Effect on beef tenderness. (PubMed, Meat Sci) - "ZR0.2 demonstrated superior activity compared to commercial proteases (papain, bromelain), with enhanced degradation of structural proteins and a higher myofibrillar fragmentation index...Sensory evaluation confirmed increased tenderness, juiciness, and chewiness in ZR0.2-treated meat. Overall, these findings support the use of Z. officinale extracts, specifically ZR0.2, as selective and multifunctional agents for clean-label meat tenderization, with promising applications for improving the quality and value of beef cuts."

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