NexoBrid (bromelain) / MediWound, Kaken Pharma, Teva - LARVOL DELTA

Valorization of the Invasive Fish Atherina boyeri (Risso, 1810) as a Source of Protein Hydrolysates with Functional and Bioactive Properties. (PubMed, Foods) - "This study investigates the functional, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of protein hydrolysates that were produced from fish collected in the Hirfanlı and Yamula reservoirs using three commercial proteases (alcalase, bromelain, and flavourzyme)...Additionally, all hydrolysates exhibited measurable ACE-inhibitory activity, with flavourzyme-derived peptides showing the highest inhibitory activity, underscoring their potential relevance for antihypertensive applications. These findings highlight the strategic valorization of A. boyeri through enzymatic hydrolysis, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable, clean-label functional ingredient source."

Journal

Treatment of friction injury using enzymatic debridement and autologous skin cell suspension. (PubMed, J Burn Care Res) - "This case series presents an early experience with a novel approach using bromelain-based enzymatic debridement combined with autologous skin cell suspension...This combined strategy minimizes dressing changes, optimizing pain control and enabling outpatient management. We observe rapid healing and outstanding cosmetic outcomes, and no patients experienced wound infection or other complications or required secondary procedures for nonhealing."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pain

The Efficacy of Bromelain-based Enzymatic Debridement in Deep Burn Injury Management: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (PubMed, J Plast Reconstr Surg) - "No significant differences were observed in wound closure time, infection rates, blood transfusion needs, Modified Vancouver Scar Scale scores, or hospital stays. The evidence from this study suggests that the administration of bromelain-based enzymatic debridement significantly reduces the time required to complete debridement, increases the chances of spontaneous healing of burn wounds, and decreases the need for further surgical excisions and autograft procedures."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Thermal Injury

AI-Driven Rapid Screening and Characterization of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) Inhibitory Peptides from Goat Blood Proteins: An Integrative In Silico and Experimental Strategy. (PubMed, Foods) - "In silico results revealed that goat blood proteins were promising precursors of DPP-IV inhibitory peptides, while bromelain was the optimal protease...Enzyme kinetics, molecular docking and molecular simulation data indicated that FPL served as a competitive inhibitor, whereas FPHFDL was a non-competitive inhibitor. Overall, the integrative in silico and in vitro strategy is feasible for rapid screening of DPP-IV inhibitory peptides from goat blood proteins."

Journal

Characterization of Bromelain-Soluble Sheepskin (Ovis aries) Proteins and Effect of In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion on Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition Activity. (PubMed, Food Sci Nutr) - "Subsequently, the peptide sequences from four active fractions were recognized using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and followed by in silico analysis to examine their bioactivity. Two potent ACE-inhibitory peptide candidates from sheepskin collagen, GPAGPAGPR, and QGPPGPAGPR, were identified by in silico analysis."

Journal • Preclinical

The Influence of Bromelain Administration on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Lipid Peroxidation in a Rat Model of Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. (PubMed, Vet Med Sci) - "Bromelain administration alleviated the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the harmful effects experienced by the intestinal tissues."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Inflammation • Reperfusion Injury • IL1B • TNFA

Effect of sous vide cooking combined with bromelain on beef tenderness and eating quality. (PubMed, Food Chem X) - "Principal component analysis further revealed the SV + Bro group had the highest comprehensive score. This study validated the synergistic effect of SV and bromelain in improving beef eating quality, providing theoretical support for its application in meat processing."

Journal

Bromelain-cleaved hemagglutinin production from cell culture-derived influenza viruses enhances vaccine potency quantification by single radial immunodiffusion assay. (PubMed, Vaccine) - "Further, cell culture-derived reagents could be used to enhance assay reliability, advancing influenza vaccine standardization and quality control in cell-based vaccine production. By demonstrating the importance of antigen-antiserum matching and optimizing BHA production from cell culture-derived influenza viruses, this study establishes a practical foundation for improving the reliability of SRID-based potency testing and advancing the standardization of next-generation influenza vaccines."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Respiratory Diseases

Antibiofilm Activity and Cytocompatibility of Novel Enzymatic Root Canal Irrigants. (PubMed, J Endod) - "This study demonstrated that bromelain and papain showed comparable antibiofilm activity as 2.5% NaOCl and were more biocompatible than NaOCl, highlighting their potential to be developed as root canal irrigants."

Journal

Bromelain Restores Glutamatergic Homeostasis via Regulation of NR2A, GLT-1, EAAC1, and xCT in Arsenic-Induced Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampal Neurotoxicity. (PubMed, F1000Res) - "Chronic arsenic exposure interferes with hippocampal-dependent cognition through glutamate excitotoxicity, which in turn interferes with the regulation of receptors and transporters. The demonstrated dose-response, showed numerically greater effects over 15 mg/kg donepezil, although direct superiority comparisons were not pre-specified. Also, the lack of overt adverse effects support its translational potential as a safe, plant-based adjunct to excitotoxic diseases and toxin-exposed populations."

Journal • Cognitive Disorders

Genipin-functionalized magnetic materials: a sustainable and innovative method for immobilizing proteases to produce antioxidant peptides. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "In this study, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized and functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and genipin, a green alternative, resulting in a biocompatible and reactive support for the immobilization of trypsin and bromelain...Casein hydrolysis with the immobilized enzymes yielded peptides with significant antioxidant potential (DPPH = 0.016 mg·mL-1; ABTS = 55.60%; β-carotene/linoleic acid = 72.38%). Thus, the developed platform demonstrates high catalytic performance, combined with sustainability and reuse, and represents a promising alternative for biotechnological and industrial processes in the food sector."

Journal

Biopolymer Development from Agro-Food and Aquaculture By-Products with Antioxidant Hydrolysates of Cyprinus carpio, Produced via Enzymatic Preparations of Pineapple and Papaya. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Coatings containing the hydrolysates, particularly those generated with bromelain, more effectively slowed physicochemical deterioration, modulated oxidative reactions, and helped to preserve nutritional quality during storage. These findings indicate that integrating bioactive peptide hydrolysates into biodegradable polymer networks enhances their functional performance, offering a sustainable approach for food preservation and valorization of agro-aquaculture residues."

Journal • Inflammatory Arthritis

Impact of in vitro simulated adult-elderly digestive conditions on digestive properties of protease-treated beef. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "It elevated intestinal DH to 34.52 % in the elderly and 43.87 % in adults, compared with 30.21 % and 39.88 % for bromelain, and 20.04 % and 33.50 % for ficin, respectively. These findings provide theoretical support and practical basis for developing meat products more suitable for elderly consumers."

Journal • Preclinical • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Geriatric Disorders

Anthelmintic Effect of Chitosan-Encapsulated Bromelain on Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Naturally Infected Goats in Kenya. (PubMed, J Parasitol Res) - "The goats were randomly divided into four groups, each of which consisted of three treatment groups: 90 and 270 mg/kg EB, 7.5 mg/kg albendazole, and negative control. In conclusion, the oral solution of EB was effective in reducing the GIN burden and safe for use in goats. Further investigations are essential to establish better formulation and adjusting the dosage regimens to increase the efficacy on GIN."

Journal

Intra-Tumoral Mucolytic Therapy for Unresectable Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: Results of a Single-Center Expanded Access Program. (PubMed, Ann Surg Oncol) - "Repeated intra-tumoral BromAc administration decreases mucinous tumor volume and may improve short-term QOL symptoms. Tumor characteristics influence treatment response, whereas patient factors impact safety and tolerability of therapy."

Journal • Oncology

Supplementation with Bromelain, Troxerutin, and Escin to Support Postoperative Recovery After Hip or Knee Arthroplasty in Older Adults: A Pilot Study. (PubMed, Nutrients) - " In this pilot study, combined bromelain, troxerutin, and escin supplementation was associated with meaningful reductions in postoperative pain and edema and with faster functional recovery. Larger controlled trials are warranted to confirm these effects and elucidate underlying mechanisms."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Orthopedics • Pain

Comparative Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Proteolytic Activity in Wine and Wine Vinegars. (PubMed, J Mass Spectrom) - "For example, bromelain, ficin, and papain serve as meat tenderizers, while cardosin A is used as a plant-based rennet in cheese production...This pattern reflects the combined specificity of CYSP and pepsin-like proteases. Notably, CYSP activity was higher in wine, whereas aspartic protease activity predominated in vinegar."

Clinical • Journal

From the Negev to the Four Corners of the Earth - Enzymatic Debridement of Deep Burns (PubMed, Harefuah) - "We conducted a Pubmed and Google Scholar search for papers including the terms "NexoBrid" or "Bromelain enzymatic debridement" published between 18/12/2012 (European approval) and 1/3/2025, in which 146 relevant papers were found. This article summarizes the main lessons learned from these papers."

Journal • Review • Thermal Injury

Umami characterization and molecular simulation of novel peptides from Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer bromelain hydrolysate. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "Asp219 and Glu148 residues were of great significance in the interactions of peptides ligand to T1R3. Furthermore, all of them exhibited umami enhancement in simulated broth solutions."

Journal

Curcumin-Based Supplement for Vitreous Floaters Post-Nd:YAG Capsulotomy: A Pilot Study. (PubMed, Vision (Basel)) - "Background: To evaluate the short-term effects of a dietary supplement containing curcumin, bromelain, glucosamine, chondroitin sulphate, sodium hyaluronate, type II collagen, and vitamin C on symptomatic vitreous floaters (SVFs) following Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy...BCVA was comparable between groups (p = 0.478). Short-term dietary supplementation with vitreous-specific nutrients is well tolerated and associated with improvements in reducing SVFs and foreign body sensations after Nd:YAG capsulotomy and may represent a promising non-invasive therapeutic option."

Journal

Response to "Bromelain Beyond the Nose: Translational Considerations for Breast and Body Contouring Surgery". (PubMed, Aesthetic Plast Surg) - No abstract available

Journal

Effect of Dietary Fermented Fish Waste Meal on Egg Physical Quality and Reproductive Organ in Laying Quails. (PubMed, Pak J Biol Sci) - "<b></b> Fermented fish waste meal up to 6% had no negative effect on egg quality or reproductive organs of quails. Fermented fish waste meal from pineapple can be considered an alternative feed ingredient, utilizing bromelain enzymes to reduce the use of fish meal."

Journal • IL33

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Arjuna, Bromelain, Calcium Hydroxide, and Triple Antibiotic Paste as an Intracanal Medicament Against Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The results suggest that while TAP remains a highly effective intracanal medicament against E. faecalis, Terminalia arjuna and bromelain exhibited considerable potential as a natural alternative with antimicrobial properties, while calcium hydroxide showed the least effectiveness."

Journal • Preclinical

Harnessing therapeutic potential of bromelain and its nanoformulations: sojourn of pineapple from food to nanomedicine. (PubMed, Daru) - "Bromelain exhibits wide-ranging therapeutic benefits, and NDDS-based nanoformulations provide a promising strategy to overcome its pharmacokinetic limitations. Further clinical research is needed to validate its efficacy and establish its role in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Our evaluation emphasizes that nano-enabled delivery is the most credible route to consistent pharmacokinetics and effect sizes across indications; however, dose-exposure-response data remain sparse and should be prioritized in upcoming trials."

Journal • Review • Oncology

Co-encapsulation of bromelain and doxorubicin in acid-responsive nanogels for enhanced chemotherapy via tumor ECM degradation. (PubMed, J Biomater Sci Polym Ed) - "In a murine osteosarcoma model, the PEG-rich nanogels showed prolonged circulation and increased tumor accumulation via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, accompanied by collagen I degradation and effective tumor growth inhibition, with final tumor volumes reduced to approximately one-tenth of those in the control group and without observable systemic toxicity. This microencapsulation approach provides an enzyme-drug co- encapsulation system that combines ECM degradation with chemotherapy in a single nanogel platform and may be adapted to other proteolytic enzymes and cytotoxic agents for the treatment of stroma-rich solid tumors."

Journal • Oncology • Osteosarcoma • Sarcoma • Solid Tumor