Tauferon (IFN-τ) / Pepgen Corp - LARVOL DELTA

Hepatitis B virus inhibits intrinsic RIG-I and RIG-G immune signaling via inducing miR146a. (PubMed) - Sci Rep - "Further investigation showed that antagonizing miR146a by anti-sense inhibitors or sponge approach accelerated HBV clearance and reduced HBV load both in vitro and in a HBV-carrying mouse model. Therefore, our findings indicated that HBV-induced miR146a attenuates cell-intrinsic anti-viral innate immunity through targeting RIG-I and RIG-G, and silencing miR146a might be an effective target to reverse HBV-induced immune suppression."

Journal • Biosimilar • Gastrointestinal Cancer • Hepatocellular Cancer • Immunology • Oncology

Effects of downregulating TEAD4 transcripts by RNA interference on early development of bovine embryos. (PubMed) - J Reprod Dev - "Results of gene expression analysis showed that TEAD4 downregulation did not affect the expression levels of POU class 5 transcription factor 1 (OCT-4), NANOG, caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), and interferon-tau (IFNT). In conclusion, TEAD4 might be dispensable for development until the blastocyst stage and TE differentiation in bovine embryos."

Journal • Biosimilar

The effects of 2,4-dinitrophenol and D-glucose concentration on the development, sex ratio, and interferon-tau (IFNT) production of bovine blastocysts. (PubMed) - "These data suggest that the pentose phosphate pathway can modulate embryonic sex ratio and development. Thus, bovine embryo culture should be undertaken in a low glucose ("

Journal • Biosimilar • Diabetes

Replication of human norovirus RNA in mammalian cells reveals a lack of interferon response. (PubMed) - J Virol - "Our results show that HuNoV RNA replication in mammalian cells does not induce an IFN response, nor can it be enhanced by blocking the IFN response. These results suggest a limited role of the IFN response in host control of HuNoV RNA replication, providing important insights into our understanding of host defense to HuNoVs that differs from MNV."

Journal • Biosimilar • Immunology

IL28B polymorphisms of both recipient and donor cooperate to influence IFN treatment response in HCV recurrence after liver transplantation, but IL28B SNPs of the recipient play a major role in IFN-induced blocking of HCV replication. (PubMed) - "In particular, homozygosis of rs12979860 favourable genotype in recipients was associated with sustained virological response independently from the donor's genotype. Thus, identification of these SNPs may be useful to predict the response to IFN-based therapy of HCV recurrent infection in liver-transplanted patients."

Journal • Biosimilar • Hepatitis C Virus • Immunology • Inflammation

The effects of nutrient restriction on mRNA expression of endogenous retroviruses, interferon-tau, and pregnancy specific protein-B during the establishment of pregnancy in beef heifers. (PubMed, J Anim Sci) - "In P-ICAR, expression of syncytin-Rum1 in P-ICAR was greater (P = 0.01) on d 16 with a 14.14 fold increase compared with relative expression on d 34 and 50; whereas, PSP-B was increased (P < 0.01) on d 34 and 50 compared with d 16. In conclusion, 40 % nutrient restriction had limited influence on mRNA of ERVs, PSP-B, and IFN-τ but stage of gestation differences reinforced the importance of these genes during the establishment of pregnancy."

Journal • Biosimilar • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Extracellular Vesicles from BOEC in In Vitro Embryo Development and Quality. (PubMed) - PLoS One - "In conclusion, EVs from FCS have a deleterious effect on embryo quality. BOEC-CM and EVs during in vitro culture had a positive effect on the quality of in vitro produced bovine embryos, suggesting that EVs have functional communication between the oviduct and the embryo in the early stages of development."

Journal • Biosimilar

In vivo and in vitro studies of MUC1 regulation in sheep endometrium. (PubMed) - Theriogenology - "In cell culture, MUC1 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated by both steroids either singly or in combination (P < 0.05), and downregulated in the presence of IFNτ. In conclusion, endometrial MUC1 expression is cyclically regulated by both E2 and P4in vivo and in vitro, and directly downregulated by IFNτ treatment in vitro."

Journal • Biosimilar • Endometrial Cancer

The effectiveness of parallel gamma-interferon testing in New Zealand's bovine tuberculosis eradication programme. (PubMed) - Prev Vet Med - "The use of the γ-IFN test over a risk cohort early in a breakdown assists in removal of early infection and some cases of anergy to intradermal tuberculin testing. Parallel γ-IFN with compulsory slaughter of reactors should be considered in breeding and dairy herds in conjunction with tuberculin testing before movement control is revoked, and will assist in achieving TB freedom on a herd level and nationally."

Journal • Biosimilar • Immunology

Infectious bronchitis coronavirus inhibits STAT1 signalling and requires accessory proteins for resistance to type I interferon. (PubMed) - "We also demonstrated that, in a time-dependent manner, IBV effectively interferes with IFN signalling and that accessory proteins are dispensable for this activity. This study demonstrates that the Gammacoronavirus IBV, similar to its mammalian counterparts, has evolved multiple strategies to efficiently counteract the IFN response of its avian host, and identifies accessory protein 3a as multifaceted antagonist of the avian IFN system."

Journal • Biosimilar • Immunology • Inflammation

Current and future antiviral drug therapies of hepatitis B chronic infection. (PubMed) - "Research efforts are focusing on the identification and evaluation of various viral replication inhibitors that target viral replication and a number of immunomodulators that aim to restore the HBV specific immune hyporesponsiveness without inducing liver damage. This review brings together our current knowledge on the available treatment and discusses potential therapeutic approaches in the battle against chronic HBV infection."

Journal • Biosimilar • Immunology • Inflammation

Interferon-Tau Promotes Cell Survival and Inhibits Specific Luteolytic Genes in Bovine Corpus Luteum. (SSR 2017) - "Most interestingly, this study suggests the existence of anti-luteolytic effects of IFNT in CL, by downregulating important luteolytic genes. Finally, CL slices are reliable ex vivo model, though the similar yet stronger response exhibited by LECs demonstrate their importance in CL function."

Biosimilar • Cardiovascular • Venous Thromboembolism

Possible role of IFNT on the bovine corpus luteum and neutrophils during the early pregnancy. (PubMed) - "Our novel finding was the increase in neutrophils and IL-8 within the CL of pregnant cows, suggesting the involvement of IFNT function within the CL toward establishment of pregnancy in cows. The present results suggest that IFNT up-regulates neutrophil numbers and function via IL-8 on luteal cells in early pregnant CL, and that both neutrophils and IL-8, stimulated by IFNT, are associated with increase in progesterone concentrations during the maternal recognition period in cows."

Journal • Biosimilar

Feeder Cell Type Affects the Growth of In Vitro Cultured Bovine Trophoblast Cells. (PubMed, Biomed Res Int) - "...The isolated trophectoderm cells expressed mRNA of homeobox protein (CDX2), cytokeratin-8 (KRT8), and interferon tau (IFNT)...We propose PGCs as alternative feeders for long-term culture of bovine trophectoderm cells. This model will potentially benefit studies on the early trophoblast and embryonic development in bovines."

Journal • Biosimilar • Ophthalmology

Conceptus Derived Prostaglandin Synthase 2 (PTGS2) Regulates Embryonic Development in Sheep. (SSR 2017) - "During the period of pregnancy recognition and establishment in sheep (days 12-20), the luminal epithelium of the endometrium produces prostaglandins (PGs) and the trophectoderm of the elongating conceptus produces PGs and interferon tau (IFNT)...Conceptuses with mutated PTGS2 averaged 8 mm in length (n=5) while control conceptuses averaged 15 mm (n=19). These results support the idea that PTGS2 is important for blastocyst hatching from the zona pellucida and/or trophectoderm survival and development during early pregnancy."

Biosimilar