Cortone (cortisone acetate) / Merck (MSD) - LARVOL DELTA

Invariant and Diverse NKT Cells Regulate Bacterial Clearance and Pathology in Chlamydial Genital Tract Infection in Mice. (PubMed, Pathogens) - "Surprisingly, both NKT-deficient mice (Jα18-/- and CD1d-/-) produced higher levels of inflammatory cytokines in the oviduct at day 35 post-infection (p.i.) and experienced more frequent upper genital tract pathology (hydrosalpinx) at day 80 p.i. However, no infectious EBs were recovered from the oviducts or uterine horns of NKT-deficient mice after day 35 p.i. Cortisone acetate reactivated infectious shedding in chronically infected NKT-deficient mice at day 100 p.i. These findings highlight distinct roles for NKT cell subsets: invariant NKT cells promote early clearance via rapid cytokine production, while the broader NKT population helps limit tissue damage. Targeting NKT pathways could help prevent chronic infection and infertility."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Infertility • Inflammation • Sexual Disorders

CareOnTIME: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Once Daily Hydrocortisone Treatment (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=150 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Federico II University | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 ➔ Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 ➔ Dec 2026

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia • Endocrine Disorders

Mineralocorticoid effects of fludrocortisone and hydrocortisone in primary adrenal insufficiency: EU-AIR patient data. (PubMed, J Endocrinol Invest) - P | "Fludrocortisone prescription in PAI appears to be independent of glucocorticoid replacement therapy. IRHC and MRHC might differ in mineralocorticoid effect owing to different pharmacokinetic profiles."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia • Endocrine Disorders • Hypertension • Nephrology • Renal Disease

High-throughput suspect screening of priority hormone-disrupting chemicals in megacity aquatic ecosystems using a domain-specific database framework. (PubMed, Water Res) - "Hexestrol, Penbutolol, and Cortisone acetate were identified as priority control targets. This study enhances our understanding of HDCs and supports their assessment and management in global megacity aquatic ecosystems."

Journal

An Intriguing Case Report of Type 2 Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Post-SARS-CoV-2: Cause or Coincidence? (PubMed, Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets) - "This case adds to limited evidence suggesting a possible link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the onset or unmasking of APS-2. While a direct causal role of the virus remains uncertain, SARS-CoV-2 may function as an environmental trigger, accelerating the transition from subclinical to clinical autoimmunity in genetically susceptible patients. This observation supports the need for clinical vigilance in post-COVID-19 patients presenting with nonspecific but suggestive endocrine symptoms."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Hypotension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Rare Diseases • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Symposium 27: Novel treatment options for adrenal insuffiency/CAH (ESPE-ESE 2025) - "Your key learning points for this session will be:Long-term health outcomes in adults with classic 21OHD are poor and mostly reflect high glucocorticoid exposure.Crinecerfont, a corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 receptor (CRF1) antagonist lowered androstenedione and allowed glucocorticoid dose reduction in children and adults with classic 21OHD.Atumelnant is an MC2R (ACTH receptor) antagonist in clinical trials for classic 21OHD.Lu AG13909 is an anti-ACTH antibody in clinical trials for classic 21OHD.• The discovery of 11-oxygenated androgens, particularly 11-ketotestosterone (11KT), challenges the long-standing view that only testosterone and DHT are potent androgens in human physiology. Patients with adrenal insufficiency require individualised replacement with corticosteroidsMany patients have normal quality of lifeConventional twic or trice daily hydrocortisone or cortisone acetate is adequate for the majorityExtended-release formulations may be..."

Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia • Endocrine Disorders • Genito-urinary Cancer • Nephrology • Oncology • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Prostate Cancer • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor

Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients with Primary Adrenal Insufficiency – A Study from the Register for Organ-Specific Autoimmune Diseases (ROAS) (ESPE-ESE 2025) - "In 2023, 308 patients (65%) reported using cortisone acetate tablets (median daily dose 37.5 mg), while 136 (29%) used Plenadren (median daily dose 25 mg)...The median daily dose for fludrocortisone was 0.13 mg... Patient-reported data provide valuable insights into the health and quality of life of patients with autoimmune PAI. The triad of fatigue, increased skin pigmentation, and weight loss were the most common symptoms at onset. Nearly one-third of patients are now treated with modified release hydrocortisone (Plenadren), and over 50% are employed."

Clinical • Patient reported outcomes • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Immunology • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Gastrointestinal anaerobes and Enterococcus faecalis promote Candida glabrata gastrointestinal colonization and organ dissemination. (PubMed, J Infect Chemother) - "Coinfection with gastrointestinal bacteria promoted C. glabrata organ dissemination, which would indicate that gastrointestinal flora could affect C. glabrata dissemination. Therefore, the gastrointestinal flora could be a target for intervention or treatment in clinical settings. Insights from this study would lead to better control of endogenous candidiasis focusing on the gastrointestinal flora."

Journal • Candidiasis • Gastrointestinal Disorder

A mouse model of immunosuppression facilitates oral Candida albicans biofilms, bacterial dysbiosis and dissemination of infection. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "Here, we used a mouse model of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) with cortisone acetate injection on alternate days and a continuous supply of C. albicans in drinking water for three days, resulting in immunosuppression...Targeted 16S rRNA and ITS2 amplicon sequencing of microbes from the fecal samples of mice confirmed the above results in the stool samples and revealed an inverse correlation of beneficial microbes in the dysbiosis condition. Our study shows that mucosal-oral infection of C. albicans under immunosuppressed conditions causes tissue damage and invasion in local and distant organs; the invasion may be aided by the overgrowth of the resident endogenous Enterobacteriaceae and other members, including the opportunistic pathogen Enterococcus faecalis."

Journal • Preclinical • Candidiasis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease

Real world data analysis of contemporary therapy and its association to anthropometric outcomes in 1500 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). (ESPE 2024) - "The hydrocortisone dose equivalent ratios used were 20 : 4 : 0.25 : 25 (mg) for hydrocortisone : prednisolone : dexamethasone : cortisone acetate, respectively. There is wide variation among countries in the clinician's practice of GC replacement in children with CAH. The relationship between height-SDS, GC doses and country of treatment indicate that different doses of GC replacement impact on patients' growth. The low height-SDS during infancy highlights the pressing need to optimise replacement that avoids GC overexposure from early life."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia • Endocrine Disorders

Increased thermal stability and catalytic efficiency of 3-ketosteroid Δ1-dehydrogenase5 from Arthrobacter simplex significantly reduces enzyme dosage in prednisone acetate biosynthesis. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "Under industrial conditions, M1 converted >96 % cortisone acetate within 12 h at 30 °C with a 60 g·L-1 substrate dosage and 6 g·L-1 cell mass, whereas the M3 conversion rate was 95 %. This study demonstrates a robust strategy for developing efficient enzyme mutants, facilitating sustainable industrial production of prednisone acetate with a minimal enzyme dosage."

Journal

Proliferation capability of natural killer cells upon cytokines stimulation correlated negatively with serum lactate dehydrogenase level in coronary artery disease patients. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "Twenty-nine CAD patients' peripheral blood NK cells were isolated and individually treated with IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, IL-21, cortisone acetate, hydrocortisone, or ascorbic acid for 36 hours, followed by cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. Unexpectedly, addition of LDH to NK cells significantly enhanced the production of IFN-γ, IL-10 and TNF-α, suggesting a strong regulatory role on NK cell's function. Ascorbic acid could promote the proliferation of the CAD patients' NK cells; LDH serum level may function as an indicator for NK cell proliferation capability and an immune-regulatory factor."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • IFNG • IL10 • IL12A • IL15 • IL18 • IL2 • IL21 • TNFA

Conventional steroids vs. dual-release hydrocortisone on metabolic, cardiovascular and bone outcomes in adrenal insufficiency: a 10-year study. (PubMed, Eur J Endocrinol) - P3 | "In patients with treatment-naïve AI, 10 years of conventional GC treatment is associated with a worsening of metabolic, insulin-sensitivity, cardiac and bone outcomes, while DR-HC had no impact on them achieving a lower risk of developing comorbidities."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Osteoporosis • Renal Disease • Rheumatology

Asymptomatic Empty Sella Syndrome: A "New" Hypothalamic Pathology or Paraphysiological Variant. (PubMed, Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets) - "The described clinical scenario is rare, as usually, empty sella syndrome presents with signs of hormone deficiency, even if asymptomatic cases have been described. Some authors suggest considering it as a hypothalamic dysfunction requiring treatment; others identify it as a paraphysiological variant. However, more cases are needed to establish a correct therapeutic strategy for these patients."

Journal • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Growth Hormone Deficiency • Hypertension • Pain • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

IMPACT OF SYSTEMIC TREATMENTS FOR ADVANCED THYROID CANCER ON THE ADRENAL CORTEX. (PubMed, Eur Thyroid J) - "Our data confirm that systemic treatments for advanced thyroid cancer can lead to an impaired cortisol secretion. A reduction in the other hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex has been firstly reported and should be considered in the more appropriate management of these fragile patients."

Journal • Metastases • Endocrine Cancer • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Nephrology • Oncology • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma

Monitoring adrenal insufficiency through salivary steroids: a pilot study. (PubMed, Eur J Endocrinol) - "None of the GRTs mimics normal glucocorticoid rhythmicity and exposure. SalE, SalF and Z-score may be useful markers for monitoring and comparing different GRTs. Excess glucocorticoid in early afternoon best associated with depressive symptoms and worse life and sleep quality."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Endocrine Disorders • Mood Disorders • Nephrology • Psychiatry • Rare Diseases • Renal Disease

First clinical experience of STRIDE regimen for Advanced HCCs in our hospital. (APASL 2024) - "IrAE side effect were autoimmune liver dysfunction (grade 3) and another patient had erythema multiforme and was treated by prednisolone and ACTH isolated deficiency occured one after another and treated by cortisone acetate. Conclusions STRIDE resimens for 2nd a3rd line regimen was effective for 40% of Advanced HCC. But irAE managements on STRIDE were important for HCC patients."

Clinical • Metastases • Dermatology • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Failure

Effects of Steroid Replacement Therapy on Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Bone Outcomes in Adrenal Insufficiency (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=88 | Completed | Sponsor: University of Palermo

New P3 trial • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Effects of Dual-Release Hydrocortisone on Bone Metabolism in Primary and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: A 6-Year Study. (PubMed, J Endocr Soc) - "PAI and SAI subgroups behaved similarly, as did patients switching from hydrocortisone or cortisone acetate. TBS decline is more likely due to an age-related derangement of bone microarchitecture rather than a glucocorticoid effect. Our data confirm the safety of DR-HC replacement on bone health in both PAI and SAI patients."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Nephrology • Osteoporosis • Renal Disease • Rheumatology • BGLAP

Fighting aspergillosis using biocontrol bacteria (ERS 2023) - "BalbC/J mice were treated with cyclophosphamide and cortisone acetate followed by lung infection with A. fumigatus CEA10, colonization with C. oxalaticus, or a combination of both. We successfully optimized clinically relevant experimental models to test the potential of biocontrol by environmental interference in the context of pulmonary aspergillosis. This is the first time that biocontrol bacteria are used to contain respiratory fungal infection.; Respiratory intensive care; Public health; Epidemiology; Cell and molecular biology; General respiratory patient care"

Critical care • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated adrenal insufficiency in Chinese cancer patients: a retrospective analysis. (PubMed, J Cancer Res Clin Oncol) - "This retrospective study comprehensively documented the clinical characterization of ICI-associated AI. Those initially receiving intravenous hydrocortisone after diagnosis of AI were associated with higher likelihood of death. Physicians should be aware of the variability of ICI-associated irAEs early in the treatment, early diagnoses, and timely management should be made."

Checkpoint inhibition • Journal • Retrospective data • Endocrine Disorders • Immune Modulation • Nephrology • Oncology • Renal Disease

Development of a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the determination of triamcinolone acetonide in human plasma and evaluation of its bioequivalence after a single intramuscular injection in healthy volunteers. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "The internal standard used in this method was cortisone acetate (CA). Bioequivalence was evaluated through variance analysis and a double unilateral test, and the 90% confidence intervals of AUC , C , and AUC were 92.8%-113.4%, 99.1%-109.1%, and 89.7%-110.9%, respectively (all p > 0.05). These results met the bioequivalence criteria set by the NMPA, indicating that the developed UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method accurately determined TA concentrations in the plasma of healthy Chinese volunteers and that the test and reference formulations exhibited bioequivalence in these individuals."

Journal

Ambulatory 24-Hour Tissue Microdialysis of Cortisol and Metabolites, a Tool for Precision Management in Addison's Disease (ENDO 2023) - "Ambulatory 24-hour dynamic steroid profiling may represent a novel therapy-monitoring tool, providing new insights in different replacement therapy regimes.Aim: We aimed to assess 24-hour profiles of free cortisol and metabolites in patients with AD on different glucocorticoid replacement therapies (GRT) and compare the results with healthy volunteers (HV).Material and The study includes 41 patients with AD on different GRT regimes (hydrocortisone, cortisone acetate, modified release hydrocortisone) and 214 healthy participants... The 24-hour profiles of free cortisol and cortisone differs between patients with AD and healthy volunteers. Ambulatory 24-hour microdialysis samplings may provide a novel dynamic tool to monitor GRT in AD providing opportunity for individual dose adjustment.*Unless otherwise noted, all abstracts presented at ENDO must not be released to the press or the public until the date and time of presentation. For oral presentations, the abstracts are..."

Endocrine Disorders • Immunology • Rare Diseases

Intracellular Cortisol Control: An Approach to Reduce Cushing's Syndrome Morbidity With Minimal Adrenal Insufficiency Risk? (ENDO 2023) - "Morning serum (293.9 +/- 18.9 v 273.4 +/- 39.3 nM) and 24h urinary (100.7 +/- 6.9 v 89.6 +/- 14.0 nmol) cortisol did not differ between SPI-62 and placebo...In situations that require GC rescue dosing during HSD-1 inhibitor administration, prodrug GCs (i.e., cortisone acetate, prednisone) will not be effective a. s they require HSD-1 for activation. Those patients require active agents (e.g., hydrocortisone, prednisolone).*Unless otherwise noted, all abstracts presented at ENDO must not be released to the press or the public until the date and time of presentation...Abstracts presented at a news conference are embargoed until the date and time of the news conference. The Endocrine Society reserves the right to lift the embargo on specific abstracts that are selected for promotion prior to or during ENDO.*"

Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Giant Cell Arteritis • Hypertension • Immunology • Musculoskeletal Pain • Myositis • Nephrology • Obesity • Osteoporosis • Pain • Renal Disease • Rheumatology

Tissue glucocorticoid metabolism in adrenal insufficiency: a prospective study of dual-release hydrocortisone therapy. (PubMed, J Clin Endocrinol Metab) - "Using comprehensive in-vivo techniques, we have demonstrated abnormalities in corticosteroid metabolism in patients with primary and secondary AI receiving IR-HC. This dysregulation of pre-receptor glucocorticoid metabolism results in enhanced glucocorticoid activation in adipose tissue, which was ameliorated by treatment with DR-HC."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease