Adlyxin (lixisenatide) / Zealand Pharma, Sanofi, Royalty - LARVOL DELTA

Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists and Mortality Among Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (ATS 2025) - "We included patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of IPF (ICD-10 J84.112) and stratified the data according to GLP-1 agonist use, including liraglutide, lixisenatide, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, exenatide, and semaglutide...Notably, less than 7.5% of these patients were on antifibrotics, including pirfenidone or nintedanib...However, the infrequent use of antifibrotics in this analysis raises questions about their underutilization. Further prospective research is needed to better understand GLP-1 agosnists role in patients with IPF."

Clinical • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

DUAL GLP-1/GIP RECEPTOR AGONISTS THAT CAN CROSS THE BBB SHOW SUPERIOR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS (ADPD 2025) - "Methods Bydureon (exenatide) and Adlyxin (lixisenatide) showed disease-modifying protective effects in patients with PD in two phase 2 clinical trials...NLY01, a pegylated form of exenatide that can't cross the BBB did not show any effects in PD patients in a phase 2 trial...Results Currently, two phase 3 trials are ongoing, testing the diabetes drug Ozempic/Wegovy (semaglutide) in AD patients...In animal models of AD or PD, dual agonists were able to protect neurons better than GLP-1 class drugs such as liraglutide, semaglutide or tirzepatide that were designed to treat diabetes and that stay in the blood for longer periods. Conclusions The dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist KP405 (DA5-CH) is currently in a phase 1 clinical trial and Results will be shared at the conference."

Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Are Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists Central Nervous System (CNS) Penetrant: A Narrative Review. (PubMed, Neurol Ther) - " Preclinical studies indicate that select GLP-1 RAs are CNS penetrant; whether GLP-1 RAs reproducibly engage neural targets hypothesized to subserve dimensions of psychopathology (e.g., general cognitive functions) remains incompletely characterized."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Obesity • Parkinson's Disease

Exploring Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Usage Among Non-Diabetic Healthcare Providers: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Country Study. (PubMed, Health Sci Rep) - "Semaglutide (45.7%, 95% CI: 41.8%-49.5%) was the most commonly used GLP-1RA, followed by Liraglutide (36.9%, 95% CI: 33.2%-40.8%). Other GLP-1RAs were used less frequently, including Dulaglutide (17.0%, 95% CI: 14.2%-20.1%), Exenatide (14.1%, 95% CI: 11.5%-17.0%), Albiglutide (7.0%, 95% CI: 5.1%-9.2%), and Lixisenatide (8.5%, 95% CI: 6.5%-10.9%...This study provides the first prevalence estimate of GLP-1RA use among HCPs and GLP1-Ras users and explores the associations between demographic characteristics and perceptions of safety and efficacy. The findings highlight the self-prescribing practices of these medications for weight management and underscore the need for appropriate monitoring to avoid potential health risks."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Efficacy of Simplifying Complex Insulin Regimen on Glycometabolic Parameters and Target Organ Damage in Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, J Diabetes Res) - "A protective role of FRCs in diabetic ASCVD has been proven, but their protective role in CKD was not observed. The significant improvements in glycemic and weight control, as well as in TODs, suggest that therapy simplification may represent a more favorable approach compared to the continuation of previous ICT even in patients characterized by high baseline TDD and HbA1c levels."

Journal • Retrospective data • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pain • Renal Disease • Retinal Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide Compared with GLP-1 RAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Basal Insulin: A Network Meta-analysis. (PubMed, Diabetes Ther) - "Tirzepatide demonstrated statistically significantly greater reductions in HbA1c and body weight when compared with selected GLP-1 RAs and placebo in patients with T2DM treated with basal insulin. Overall, the safety profile of tirzepatide was similar to that of GLP-1RAs."

Journal • Retrospective data • Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions in GLP-1 Agonist Therapies. (PubMed, J Drugs Dermatol) - "Through a retrospective review of cutaneous adverse events associated with semaglutide, dulaglutide, tirzepatide, lixisenatide, liraglutide, and exenatide in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System, it was found that the 5 most common cutaneous reactions associated with GLP-1 agonists were eczematous, pruritus, drug eruptions, hyperhidrosis, and alopecia. 2025;24(4):413-415. doi:10.36849/JDD.8605."

Clinical • Retrospective data • Alopecia • Atopic Dermatitis • Dermatology • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Pruritus • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Amyloid, Tau, and α-Synuclein: Target Engagement and Rationale for the Development in Neurodegenerative Disorders. (PubMed, Neurosci Biobehav Rev) - "We observed that GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs modulate molecular and cellular changes known to govern the phenomenology of neurodegenerative diseases. Future research should examine the interaction between signaling molecules, neuronal subpopulations, and cognitive effects affected by GLP-1 and GLP-1 RA administration."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Male sexual dysfunction associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists: a cross-sectional analysis of FAERS data. (PubMed, Int J Impot Res) - "Reports from Q4 2003 to Q1 2024 were analyzed using the OpenVigil 2.1 platform to identify male patients experiencing orgasmic dysfunction, erectile dysfunction, or decreased libido linked to GLP-1 receptor agonists (tirzepatide, semaglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide, lixisenatide, and liraglutide). Despite statistically significant chi-squared values (P < 0.0001), low ROR (0.41, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.36-0.48), PRR (0.41, 95% CI: 0.36-0.48), and RRR (0.42, 95% CI: 0.36-0.48) suggest a weak association. These findings underscore the need for monitoring as GLP-1 use expands, though overall patient risk remains low."

Journal • Diabetes • Erectile Dysfunction • Metabolic Disorders • Sexual Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Comparative efficacy and tolerability of currently approved incretin mimetics: A systematic analysis of placebo-controlled clinical trials. (PubMed, Diabetes Obes Metab) - "The magnitude of efficacy for intended therapeutic actions (HbA1c and body weight reduction) varied widely between incretin mimetic glucose-lowering agents. However, larger therapeutic efficacy was not systematically associated with higher GI AE or drug discontinuation rates, indicating better tolerability of the more effective agents/preparations."

Clinical • Journal • Diabetes • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Are glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs better answer for obese patients with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease than bariatric surgery? Real-world evidence (EASL 2025) - "Primary outcomes were the development of decompensated cirrhosis and all-cause mortality in patients treated with GLP-1 analogs (semaglutide, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, exenatide, lixisenatide) compared to patients treated with bariatric surgery (gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, vertical band gastroplasty)... Out of 545,931 patients with MASLD, 73,339 (13.44%, median 733 days) patients were treated with GLP1 analog, 38,541 (7.06%, median 690 days) sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors and 29,917 (5.48%, median 832 days) received other weight loss medications (naltrexone, topiramate or phentermine)... GLP-1 analogs are increasingly being used in patients with MASLD. GLP-1 analogs and bariatric surgery reduce the risk of decompensated cirrhosis in obese patients with MASLD. Our results indicate that patients with MASLD treated with GLP-1 analogs have a lower risk of decompensated cirrhosis and better overall..."

Bariatric surgery • Clinical • HEOR • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Surgery • Fibrosis • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Obesity • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder • Solid Tumor

THE LIXIPARK TRIAL, A RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, DOUBLE-BLIND, STUDY OF LIXISENATIDE IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD) (ADPD 2025) - "Secondary endpoints included: (a) mean changes from baseline in MDS-UPDRS I and II in ON (month-12), and levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD) (month-12); (b) mean MDS-UPDRS III score in the practically defined OFF condition at month-14 (end of wash-out) and (c) safety and tolerability. Conclusions Lixisenatide had beneficial effects on motor progression in patients with early PD, supporting a disease-modifying effect warranting further investigations and comparisons with other GLP1 agonists currently under assessment for neuroprotection PD."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Neuroprotective effects of lixisenatide against propagation of α-synuclein pathology in Parkinson's disease. (PubMed, Neural Regen Res) - "In addition, lixisenatide inhibited α-synuclein phosphorylation and seeding between neurons, mediated by neuronal lymphocyte-activation gene 3 expression. This study provides new insights into the mechanism underlying the disease-modifying effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • LAG3

PREOPERATIVE GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE 1 RECEPTOR AGONIST ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOMES (IARS-SOCCA 2025) - "We first compared patients who were treated with a GLP1-RA (lixisenatide, albiglutide, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, semaglutide, or exenatide) within 6 months of a procedure with those who were not treated. This large analysis assessed the effects of holding GLP1-RAs before surgery on postoperative outcomes. GLP1-RAs may protect against postoperative aspiration and other adverse outcomes; holding GLP1-RA may be harmful."

Alzheimer's Disease • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Dementia • Diabetes • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Multiple Sclerosis • Myocardial Infarction • Nephrology • Obesity • Oncology • Pain • Pancreatitis • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Embolism • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 agonists in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "However, safety is still of concern. Further high-quality studies with standardized protocols and larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our findings."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • CNS Disorders • Constipation • Diabetes • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Preoperative Weight Loss Before Total Joint Arthroplasty Using Novel GLP-1 Agonists (AAOS 2025) - "GLP-1s were categorized as Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved for weight loss (Group 1: semaglutide and liraglutide) versus FDA-approved for diabetes or under investigation for weight loss (Group 2: dulaglutide, exenatide, lixisenatide, efpeglenatide, tirzepatide plus Group 1 medications). The prevalence of preoperative GLP-1s before TJA tripled to 4.6% from 2019 to 2022, and preoperative weight change on GLP-1s varied considerably. GLP-1s were not associated with increased postoperative risks but investigational GLP-1s before TJA require further study."

Anesthesia • Diabetes • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics

Fusion Outcomes of GLP-1 Agonist Therapy in Multilevel Cervical Spinal Fusion: A Propensity-Matched Analysis. (PubMed, Clin Spine Surg) - "Our findings demonstrate a statistically significant lower incidence of pseudarthrosis among patients treated with GLP-1 agonist therapy at all timepoints within this study-from 6-months to 2-years postoperatively, suggesting a potentially beneficial effect of GLP-1 agonist therapy in promoting fusion success in multilevel cervical spine surgery. Fundamentally, this aligns with the pharmacodynamic nature of GLP-1 agonists: as compounds that enhance osteoblastic activity and suppress osteoclastic activity, thereby facilitating bone formation and attenuating bone resorption. Further investigation into the mechanistic underpinnings of GLP-1 agonists' effects on bone metabolism may pave the way for enhancing the success of cervical spine surgery."

Journal • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Nicotine Addiction • Obesity • Orthopedics • Osteoarthritis

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a new pharmacological treatment option for psychiatric illnesses? (PubMed, Nervenarzt) - "Albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, orforglipron and semaglutide are glucagon-like peptide‑1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. Tirzepatide targets not only GLP‑1 but also glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) receptors and retatrutide is a triple GLP‑1, GIP and glucagon receptor agonist...Typical accompanying adverse reactions are gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, eructation and gastroesophageal reflux. More severe side effects include pancreatitis, allergic reactions, renal function disorders and possibly an increased risk of thyroid cancer."

Journal • Review • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Allergy • Alzheimer's Disease • Binge Eating Disorder • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Dementia • Depression • Diabetes • Endocrine Cancer • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Mental Retardation • Metabolic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Oncology • Pancreatitis • Psychiatry • Solid Tumor • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Increase Fracture Risk in Patients with Obesity (AAOS 2025) - "Multiple GLP-1 RAs were included (semaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, dulaglutide, tirzepatide, and lixisenatide). The use of GLP-1 RAs are associated with an increased fracture risk in obese patients without diabetes. These results contradict previous studies which suggested a protective effect on fracture risk in patients with T2DM who are prescribed GLP-1 RAs. Further research is necessary to elucidate these trends and guide the prescription of GLP-1 RAs in the setting of obesity."

Clinical • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Nephrology • Nicotine Addiction • Obesity • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Renal Disease • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Sarcopenia • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The Effects of GLP-1 Agonists on the Postoperative Complications of TKA Patients (AAOS 2025) - "Patients over the age of 18 with a history of GLP-1 agonist use (semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, lixisenatide, and albiglutide) before TKA, including use within at least one month of their surgery or anytime after (Group A), were compared to TKA patients with no history of GLP-1 agonist use (Group B). A history of GLP-1 agonist use was protective for several common postoperative complications of TKA patients at 30 days, 180 days, and 365 days after TKA compared to patients with no history of GLP-1 agonist use. Future research should be conducted regarding the dosage, chronicity, and recency of GLP-1 agonist use on TKA postoperative outcomes."

Clinical • Anemia • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Depression • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Nephrology • Obesity • Orthopedics • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Psychiatry • Pulmonary Embolism • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology

Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and Neurogenesis: A Systematic Review. (PubMed, Acta Neuropsychiatr) - "GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs are positively associated with neurogenesis. This effect may have translational implications insofar as disparate mental disorders that are characterized by neurogenesis defects (e.g. depressive disorders and neurocognitive disorders) may be benefitted by these agents."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Depression • Developmental Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Pancreatitis Risk Associated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Considered as a Single Class, in a Comorbidity-Free Subgroup of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the United States: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "Of this class of medications, the agents analyzed were dulaglutide, lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide. In our comorbidity-free U.S.-based population with T2DM, the use of GLP-1 RAs did not increase their risk of pancreatitis. Their use was associated with a lower lifetime risk of pancreatitis."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Cystic Fibrosis • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Endocrine Disorders • Gastroenterology • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hepatology • Hypertriglyceridemia • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Pancreatitis • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and risk of diabetic retinopathy: a disproportionality analysis using FDA adverse event reporting system data. (PubMed, Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab) - "We focused on GLP-1 agonists and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonist: Semaglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, lixisenatide, and tirzepatide, as primary suspect drugs. GLP-1 agonists (except lixisenatide) were found to be associated with DR. These findings emphasize the need for close monitoring and further research to clarify these associations."

Adverse events • Journal • Diabetes • Diabetic Retinopathy • Metabolic Disorders • Retinal Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Are glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists useful in treating Parkinson's disease (PD). Does the clinical trial with lixisenatide add anything? (PubMed, Expert Opin Investig Drugs) - "Lixisenatide, like exenatide, had no effect on the primary or secondary endpoints at 6 months suggesting that any benefits with GLP-1 receptor agonists in PD require long-term treatment. The apparent differences in the two age groups may be due to the bigger deterioration of motor scores in the < 60-year-old group. Lixisenatide has promise but does not answer the discussion on GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment for PD."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Managing cardiovascular events, hyperglycemia, and obesity in type 2 diabetes through microRNA regulation linked to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. (PubMed, Diabetol Metab Syndr) - "Additional studies will be needed in the elucidation of the relations between GLP-1RA-induced miRNAs and clinical-laboratory findings concerning the diverse populations, gender, and presence of other comorbid states in treated patients with T2DM."

Journal • Review • Atherosclerosis • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • MIR126 • MIR130A • MIR139 • MIR15A • MIR181A1 • MIR192 • MIR204 • MIR210 • MIR26A1 • MIR27B • MIR375 • MIR93