Jyseleca (filgotinib) / Galapagos, Gilead, Eisai, SOBI, Alfasigma - LARVOL DELTA

5 Years of Filgotinib: Where Are We Now? (BSG 2025) - "This will segway into the recently published 5-year long term efficacy and safety data for filgotinib. The symposium will finish on JAKi switching data and summarise the points made initially."

Long-term efficacy and safety of filgotinib 200 mg in ulcerative colitis: 5-year interim data from SELECTIONLTE (BSG 2025) - P2b, P3 | "FIL200 was effective in maintaining symptomatic remission and health-related quality of life for up to 5 years. No new safety signals were identified, and rates of AEs with long-term FIL exposure were similar to those previously reported.1,2 Prolonged treatment with filgotinib is efficacious for the long-term management of UC, and together with its proven safety profile, results in an acceptable benefit–risk profile. References: Feagan BG et al."

Clinical • Crohn's disease • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Ulcerative Colitis • JAK1

Drug Interaction Potential of Berberine Hydrochloride When Co-Administered with Tofacitinib and Filgotinib in Rats. (PubMed, Drug Des Devel Ther) - "Pharmacokinetic experimental results indicate that TOFA and FIGA have no significant effect on the plasma concentration of BBR across various pharmacokinetic parameters. However, due to BBR's inhibition or induction of various drug-metabolizing enzymes, it significantly affects some of the pharmacokinetic parameters of TOFA and FIGA."

Journal • Preclinical • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Ulcerative Colitis

Regulatory Role of JAK-1 Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Disease (FOCIS 2025) - "New generation JAK-1 inhibitors such as upadacitinib/filgotinib have demonstrated clinical efficacy in psoriatic disease with less adverse effect. The rIL-2/rIL-9 induced proliferation of PsA PBMC T cells could be significantly inhibited by upadacitinib at 1μM concentration (p < 0.01). This study provides a novel insight about and independent role for JAK-1 signaling on (i) T cell dysregulation (ii) pannus and (iii) plaque formation in psoriatic disease and provides the mechanisms of actions JAK-1 inhibitor (upadacitinib) in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis."

Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • CXCL8 • IL2 • IL22 • IL6 • IL9 • JAK1 • MMP3

TREATMENT PATTERNS AND DETERMINANTS OF DMARD SWITCHING IN EUROPEAN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS COHORTS: A MULTI-NATIONAL ANALYSIS (EULAR 2025) - "The type of DMARD initiated was categorised as MTX, other conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD: hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, leflunomide, cyclosporine, azathioprine), tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi: adalimumab, infliximab, etanercept, certolizumab pegol, golimumab), non-TNFi (abatacept, anakinra, rituximab, tocilizumab, sarilumab), and Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKi: tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitib, filgotinib). Despite similar treatment guidelines within the Europe countries, there are clear differences in the use and sequencing of DMARDs in newly diagnosed RA, particularly for second-line DMARDs. Further analyses are needed to understand how these differences affect remission rates and other treatment outcomes in RA."

Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

Choice and Effectiveness of Second DMARDs After MTX: Comparing Biological, Targeted, and Conventional Options in European RA Cohorts (EULAR 2025) - "Background: Current guidelines recommend treatment escalation to a biological (b) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) failing methotrexate (MTX), at least among patients with poor prognostic factors such as anti-CCP positivity...The second DMARDs were categorised as other conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD: hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, leflunomide, cyclosporine, azathioprine), tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi: adalimumab, infliximab, etanercept, certolizumab pegol, golimumab), non-TNFi (abatacept, anakinra, rituximab, tocilizumab, sarilumab), and Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKi: tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitib, filgotinib)... Patients starting a TNFi as second DMARD after failing MTX had better retention but similar percentage of remission as compared to other DMARD regimens used as second DMARDs. Further analyses are needed to understand how these differences are affected by confounding by..."

Oncology • Rheumatoid Arthritis

The therapeutic potential for JAK inhibitors for immune-related adverse events from checkpoint inhibitors– a review of the literature (EULAR 2025) - "Background: Rheumatologists are well versed with T cell co-stimulation with abatacept, a CTLA-4 inhibitor being a licenced therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis...The four EMA licenced JAK inhibitors (Tofacitinib, Baritinib, Upadacitinib and Filgotinib) were included in addition to Peficitinib. The checkpoint inhibitors that were included within the search were Ipilumab, Tremeliumab, Nivolumab, Pemrbolizumab, Atezolizumab, Avelumab, Durvalumab, Cempilumab and Dostraliumab...3 (4%) of patients received baricitinib whilst 1 (1%) patient received 15mg Upadacitinib daily...Pembrolizumab monotherapy represented the most common ICI therapeutic choice, given to 9 (11%) patients, with other patients receiving ipilimumab/nivolimuman (5%), cambrelizumab (8%) and sintilimab (3%)...Across all patients, 41 (51%) patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) with small proportion of patients receiving infliximab (8%) and/or..."

Adverse events • Checkpoint inhibition • Review • Endocrine Disorders • Gastric Cancer • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Idiopathic Arthritis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Liver Cancer • Lung Cancer • Myositis • Oncology • Pneumonia • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Solid Tumor • IL6

Rheumatoid arthritis, non-TNFi bDMARDs and JAKi - risks of keratinocyte cancer (EULAR 2025) - "The treatment groups under study were; i) JAKi (baricitinib, filgotinib, tofacitinib, upadacitinib), ii) non-TNFi bDMARD (abatacept, rituximab, sarilumab, tocilizumab), and iii) TNFi (adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab). This study suggests that patients with RA treated with JAKi have a higher incidence of a first ever KC, primarily driven by the BCC subtype. Additionally, although based on a limited number of events, we observed a higher incidence of a second KC in patients treated with JAKi compared to those treated with TNFi. Our findings support the notion that skin examination may benefit this population, and that skin cancer risks with JAKi treatment should be further monitored."

Basal Cell Carcinoma • Congestive Heart Failure • Coronary Artery Disease • Dermatology • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Non-melanoma Skin Cancer • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Skin Cancer • Solid Organ Transplantation • Squamous Cell Carcinoma

ASSESSMENT OF LIPID ABNORMALITIES AFTER INITIATION OF A JAK INHIBITOR IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (EULAR 2025) - "22 patients received baricitinib, 7 tofacitinib, 38 upadacitinib and 18 filgotinib...This increase was not associated with the use of corticosteroids or methotrexate, nor with the course of the number of tender and swollen joints... This study confirms a transient increase in TC and TC fractions under JAKi, linked to the drug-induced reduction in systemic inflammation. These lipid abnormalities were regressive in the majority of patients. The clinical consequences of this elevation remain to be determined in the context of the cardiovascular tolerance of JAKi."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Dyslipidemia • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Metabolic Disorders • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

THE EFFECTS OF GLUCOCORTICOID ON TREATMENT COURSE IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFICULT TO TREAT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (EULAR 2025) - "Inability to taper glucocorticoids (below 7.5 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) was included in the EULAR definition of D2TRA...In these 673 patients, 137 patients met D2TRA criteria (tocilizumab: n=21, sarilumab: n=10, abatacept: n=31, tofacitinib: n=30, baricitinib: n=30, Upadacitinib: n=10, peficitinib: n=4, filgotinib: n=1)...In the logistic regres-sion analysis, ORs were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, disease durations, titer of rheumatoid factor, titer of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide, DAS-ESR, HAQ, methotrexate dose, glucocorticoid dose, type of bDMARDs/JAKi, number of past bDMARDs/JAKi, history of lymphoproliferative disorders, history of pancytopenia and history of interstitial pneumonia based on the results of the univariate analysis and general risk factors of inability to taper glucocorticoid... Drug retention rate and clinical efficacy of D2TRA patients were not different between glucocorticoid use group and glucocorticoid non-use..."

Clinical • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Interstitial Lung Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

THE 1-YEAR IMPACT OF THE APPLICATION OF EMA RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE MAINTENANCE OF CLINICAL RESPONSE IN A REAL-LIFE COHORT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS TREATED WITH JAK INHIBITORS (EULAR 2025) - " A total of 141 patients (83.7% women, 68.8% RF/ACPA positive, mean age 57.5 and median disease duration 14 years) treated with JAKis (baricitinib [45.1%], tofacitinib [18.5%], upadacitinib [17.4%] or filgotinib [19.4%]) in combination with a csDMARD in 42% and with corticosteroids in 29.8% of cases were included in the study. Our study shows that the adjustment of ongoing JAKis therapy due to the presence of contraindications according to EMA recommendations may be associated with an overall worsening of clinical response and corticosteroid exposure, without a significant improvement in the safety profile. Disease activity parameters among EMA-changers and JAKi-maintainers: frequencies of disease flare, remission/low disease activity (LDA), and corticosteroid use."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF EMA/PRAC SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE REAL-WORLD USE OF JAK INHIBITORS IN RA (EULAR 2025) - "Background: Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors, including baricitinib and tofacitinib, have transformed the therapeutic landscape of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by offering novel mechanisms of action and alternative options for patients with insufficient response to conventional DMARDs...The other JAK inhibitors (upadacitinib and filgotinib) were not included in the analysis because only patients receiving a JAK inhibitor for the first time were studied... The findings of this study reveal that more than a half of RA patients in real-world clinical practice present risk factors outlined in the EMA/PRAC recommendations for JAK inhibitors. The prevalence of multiple risk factors highlights the potential challenge of implementing these recommendations in practice, as they may substantially limit the eligible population for JAK inhibitors. These findings underscore the need for further studies to evaluate the long-term impact of these restrictions on treatment accessibility,..."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Dyslipidemia • Hypertension • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

IMPACT OF AUTOANTIBODY STATUS ON THE LONG-TERM EFFICACY AND RETENTION RATES OF JAK INHIBITORS: INSIGHTS FROM A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FIVE JAK INHIBITORS (EULAR 2025) - "Patients were categorized based on the JAK inhibitor: tofacitinib (TOFA, n=57), baricitinib (BARI, n=64), upadacitinib (UPA, n=73), peficitinib (PEFI, n=28), and filgotinib (FIL, n=29). This study highlights differences in efficacy and retention rates among the five JAK inhibitors, with a focus on autoantibody status. UPA showed superior retention rates and efficacy, particularly in seronegative patients, aligning with its indication for psoriatic arthritis. These findings underscore the importance of considering autoantibody status when selecting JAK inhibitors for RA management."

Clinical • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

PERIOPERATIVE DISCONTINUANCE PERIOD OF JANUS KINASE INHIBITORS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WHO UNDERWENT ORTHOPAEDIC JOINT SURGERY (EULAR 2025) - "The medications used were tofacitinib in 11 surgeries, baricitinib in 11 surgeries, upadacitinib in 9 surgeries, filgotinib in 4 surgeries, and peficitinib in 1 surgery. Flare-ups of RA symptoms during JAKi discontinuation were observed in 25% of the cases, with longer preoperative discontinuation periods and higher preoperative disease activity associated with flare-ups. From these results, preoperative disease activity should be well controlled to prevent flare-ups of RA symptoms, even in patients undergoing surgery while using JAKi. On the other hand, the incidence rate of SSI was 8.3%, which is higher than the general infection rate for clean orthopedic surgeries (0.5–2%)."

Clinical • Surgery • Anesthesia • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Pain • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

INVESTIGATION OF THE JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: AN IN VITRO EXPERIMENTAL MODEL (EULAR 2025) - "Total blood samples were incubated with IL-6 and clinically available JAK inhibitors (tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, filgotinib). In summary, we were able to set up an experimental model, which allows us to study the activatability and inhibiting potential of JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Based on data from measurements on total blood samples, the most significant pSTAT3 signal was observed with a 100 ng/ml IL-6 concentration, which could be inhibited by adding a 10 µM concentration of different JAK inhibitors. Further goals include increasing the number of healthy and RA control samples for testing."

Preclinical • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • IL6 • JAK1 • NCAM1 • TYK2

COMPARATIVE JAK INHIBITOR RETENTION IN ROUTINE CARE; REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE IN 5 UK CENTERS (EULAR 2025) - " A retrospective case note review of all patients treated with Baricitinib (B), Filgotinib (F), Tofacitinib (T) and Upadacitinib (U) in 5 UK centers in South West London and Surrey, UK was conducted from time of first use of any of these agents in routine rheumatologic care until November 2024...Methotrexate was co-prescribed in 43% of those with RA and 43% of those with PsA... These real-world data from 5 UK centers show that JAKi are generally used late in the b/tsDMARD treatment pathway in routine care, with under 24% used first line and 45% occurring 3 rd line or later. B was used almost exclusively in RA, F only in RA, T equally in RA and PsA and U predominantly in PsA. The retention rate for all JAKi combined was not significantly different between RA and PsA."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Idiopathic Arthritis • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Myocardial Infarction • Oncology • Pulmonary Embolism • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Thrombosis

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TYPES OF JAK INHIBITORS AND THE RISK OF HERPES ZOSTER IN ELDERLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS AGED 75 YEARS AND OLDER (EULAR 2025) - "The cohort included tofacitinib (145 [12%]), baricitinib (524 [45%]), peficitinib (91 [8%]), Upadacitinib (217 [19%]), and filgotinib (186 [16%]). In this real-world data for elderly RA patients aged 75 years and older treated, filgotinib did not demonstrate a significant benefit over other JAK inhibitors in reducing the risk of HZ. The observed advantage of filgotinib in previous network meta-analyses may be influenced by biases in the target population."

Clinical • Chronic Kidney Disease • Herpes Zoster • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Nephrology • Neuralgia • Pain • Renal Disease • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Varicella Zoster

Real-world incidence of VTE in Rheumatology patients- are we seeing any signal realted to JAKi use Data from a 6.5 year retrospective analysis. (EULAR 2025) - "We have approximately; 100 patients on Upadacitinib, 100 on Baricitinib and 60 on Filgotinib with only a small number of patients (<10) on Tofacitinib. This longitudinal dataset demonstrates further real-world reassurance about JAKi use and VTE incidence in Rheumatology patients. Despite having a local population with high rates of obesity, smoking and other co-morbidities, we can demonstrate that JAKi may be used in these patient populations without any incidence of VTE. The reasons for this are likely to be multifactorial and may include; addressing traditional risk factors for VTE and optimized patient selection, facilitated by additional screening measures (such as use of VTE risk assessment questionnaire)."

Real-world • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Obesity • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Venous Thromboembolism

JAK1 selective inhibitors versus pan-JAKis: comparative real-world study of drug retention in chronic inflammatory arthritis (EULAR 2025) - "Tofacitinib and baricitinib were defined as pan-JAKis, while upadacitinib and filgotinib as JAK1 selective inhibitors. Our data showed in a real-life setting a notably proportion of JAKi’s withdrawal, being inefficacy the most common reason. We found a lower retention rate for pan-JAKis compared to JAK1. Moreover, pan-JAKis exhibited higher discontinuation rates compared to JAK1, regardless of other factors."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Ankylosing Spondylitis • Cardiovascular • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Spondylarthritis • JAK1

JAK inhibitors in rheumatic disease - real world major adverse cardiovascular event and venous thromboembolism experience. Remember the yellow card! (EULAR 2025) - "JAKi prescribed: baricitinib 269; filgotinib 59; upadacitinib 53; tofacitinib 14. Our data for VTE rate is similar to a recent large scale Swedish registry study [1], which showed a VTE incidence rate of 1.1/ 100 patient years, with a HR 3.2 (2.1-4.9) for PE vs TNFi treated patients. Similarly, we also showed a preponderance of PE over DVT. In the ORAL Surveillance study [2] there was a HR of 2.93 (but wide confidence interval 0.79–10.83) for PE vs TNFi treated patients, and MACE HR was 1.24 (0.81-1.91) for tofacitinib 5mg bd vs TNFi."

Adverse events • Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Ankylosing Spondylitis • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Diabetes • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Idiopathic Arthritis • Inflammatory Arthritis • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Peripheral Arterial Disease • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Venous Thromboembolism

Janus Kinase Inhibitor Suppresses TNF-a and IL-6-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation, but Not RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation, and Reduces Bone Destruction in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (EULAR 2025) - "Objectives: The present study aims: 1) to evaluate the effects of the Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) filgotinib on the differentiation of osteoclasts induced by TNF-α and IL-6 or RANKL from PBMs of RA patients and healthy donors (HDs); 2) to assess the effects of long-term administration of filgotinib on osteoclast differentiation in RA patients; 3) to clarify the correlation between the number of osteoclasts differentiated from PBMs of RA patients and the mTSS... Our data suggest that TNF-α and IL-6-induced osteoclasts likely contribute to the pathological and inflammatory bone destruction in patients with RA. In particular, targeting TNF-α and IL-6-induced osteoclasts as well as RANKL-induced osteoclasts is anticipated to create new therapeutic strategies such as JAKi."

Clinical • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • IL6 • TNFA • TRAP

Impact of Janus Kinase Inhibitors on Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Rheumatoid and Psoriatic Arthritis: Insights from a Real-World Cohort (EULAR 2025) - " The study included 856 patients (mean age 64 years, 77% female, 92% postmenopausal), with 89 receiving JAK-inhibitors (33 baricitinib, 25 tofacitinib, 21 upadacitinib, 10 filgotinib). In this real-world cohort, JAK inhibitors were associated with positive impact on trabecular microarchitecture. These findings suggest that a broad cytokine inhibition may support bone health. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm these observations and evaluate their implications for fracture prevention and individualized treatment strategies."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • CRP • IL6 • TNFA

Comparing JAK Inhibitors and Standard Therapies in Refractory Myopathies: Impact on Cardiovascular, Malignancy, and Disease Activity Outcomes (EULAR 2025) - "The cohorts were defined by treatment exposure: patients receiving JAK inhibitors (tofacitinib, ruxolitinib, abrocitinib, upadacitinib, filgotinib, or baricitinib) were compared to those receiving standard therapies (methotrexate, azathioprine, IVIG, rituximab, or mycophenolate mofetil). JAK inhibitors demonstrated significant benefits in reducing MACE, stroke, CAD, heart failure, thrombosis, vascular disease, malignancy, and CK-based disease activity in patients with DM, ASS, and IMNM compared to standard therapies. However, these advantages, the higher all-cause mortality observed in the JAK inhibitor cohort underscores the importance of careful risk stratification and close monitoring. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of JAK inhibitors in refractory myopathies, warranting further investigation in randomized controlled trials to validate these results and refine treatment strategies for inflammatory myopathies."

Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Coronary Artery Disease • Dermatomyositis • Diabetes • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Myositis • Oncology • Rare Diseases • Solid Tumor • Thrombosis

Early meaningful improvements in spinal pain and correlation with other clinical outcomes in patients treated with filgotinib for radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: A post hoc analysis of the Phase 2 TORTUGA trial (EULAR 2025) - P2 | "Results of this post hoc analysis of TORTUGA show patients with r-axSpA treated with filgotinib had rapid reductions in spinal pain, with improvements vs placebo observed after 2 weeks. Improvements in spinal pain were associated with improvements in fatigue, physical function and quality of life. Given the lack of correlation between change in spinal pain and change in CRP level or inflammation on MRI, further studies are needed to understand the effect of JAK inhibition on pain nociceptive and non-nociceptive mechanisms in axSpA."

Clinical • Clinical data • P2 data • Retrospective data • Ankylosing Spondylitis • Fatigue • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Pain • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Spondylarthritis • CRP

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ACHIEVING REMISSION OR LOW DISEASE ACTIVITY IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS RECEIVING JANUS KINASE INHIBITOR TREATMENT (EULAR 2025) - "Potential predictive factors taken into account were sociodemographic [age, sex, body mass index (BMI)], anamnesis (RA disease duration), RA disease activity (assessed through Clinical Disease Activity Index), seropositivity [rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies], JAK inhibitor selectivity, number of prior RA treatments [previous conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), previous biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs), and previous JAK inhibitors], type of previous bDMARDs (tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor, interleukin 6 inhibitor, abatacept, rituximab, and anakinra), and concomitant RA treatments (presence or absence of csDMARDs). In RA, high disease activity at the initiation of treatment with tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, or filgotinib does not preclude an effective treatment response but is associated with an increased risk of therapeutic failure. Factors not related to the achievement of..."

Clinical • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • IL6