icosapent ethyl / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

2025: The year in cardiovascular disease - the year of triglyceride lowering therapies. Can we effectively reduce triglyceride-related residual cardiovascular disease and pancreatitis risk? (PubMed, Arch Med Sci) - "Novel agents targeting apolipoprotein C-III (volanesorsen, olezarsen, plozasiran) achieve profound triglyceride declines and substantially mitigate pancreatitis in familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), while angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) inhibitors and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) agonists demonstrate early promise in broad atherogenic-lipid reduction and metabolic modulation. Current guidelines endorse icosapent ethyl and fenofibrate for high-risk HTG, with apoC-III inhibitors poised to become first-line for FCS as access improves. Ongoing trials of ANGPTL3 inhibitors, FGF21 agonists and gene-editing approaches may soon redefine lifelong lipid management."

Journal • Atherosclerosis • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome • Hypertriglyceridemia • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Mixed Hyperlipidemia • Pancreatitis • ANGPTL3 • FGF21

Imaging plaques or imaging fat. (PubMed, Atherosclerosis) - "Serial imaging studies reveal that lipid-lowering therapies-particularly statins, PCSK9 inhibitors, and icosapent ethyl-can induce plaque regression and stabilization. Anti-inflammatory treatments, including colchicine, may contribute to plaque calcification and reduced vascular inflammation. As our understanding of coronary pathophysiology evolves, integrating CCTA with AI and body composition analysis holds promise for refining personalized risk prediction and guiding preventive strategies. This review underscores the expanding role of CCTA as a pivotal modality in preventive cardiology."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Inflammation • Myocardial Infarction

Targeting inflammation in cardiometabolic disease: Icosapent ethyl modulates monocyte-derived macrophages isolated from patients with cardiovascular disease with or without type 2 diabetes. (PubMed, Diabet Med) - "This study will provide mechanistic insight into how IPE influences macrophage-driven inflammation in ASCVD and T2DM, informing strategies to target residual inflammatory risk in high-risk cardiometabolic populations."

Journal • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • NLRP3

Seventeen years to change practice: will the 2025 ESC/EAS dyslipidaemia guidelines finally break the Sisyphean cycle? (PubMed, Atherosclerosis) - "The extension of the pharmacological arsenal of lipid-lowering therapies with bempedoic acid, evinacumab, inclisiran, icosapent ethyl (and not mixtures with of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) have enriched the arsenal of LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride-lowering drugs...Therefore, the guidelines recommend immediate initiation of high-intensity statin with ezetimibe for most patients with acute coronary syndrome or the immediate intensification of the therapy in those who are already on lipid-lowering drugs at the acute event...This update also has weaknesses, including missed opportunities to promote a more courageous approach for combination therapies, limitations in the diabetes risk classification, and discrepancies across ESC guideline papers which hopefully will be overcome in the next full update. Since real-world clinical adoption is far slower than evidence creation, implementation lags remain a Sisyphean obstacle, highlighting the ongoing need..."

Journal • Review • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Metabolic Disorders

Integrated approaches to preventing macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Advances in secondary prevention. (PubMed, Pak J Pharm Sci) - "Secondary prevention of macrovascular complications in T2DM requires an integrated, multidisciplinary strategy combining cardioprotective pharmacotherapy, lifestyle modification and personalized risk assessment. Advances in novel therapies, biomarkers and digital health technologies offer substantial potential to further improve long-term cardiovascular outcomes in this high-risk population."

Journal • Review • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Coronary Artery Disease • Diabetes • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Heart Failure • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Peripheral Arterial Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Vascular Neurology • CRP • CST3

Icosapent ethyl reduces CVD risk in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: REDUCE-IT CKM. (PubMed, Am J Prev Cardiol) - "In this REDUCE-IT analysis of secondary prevention patients without diabetes at baseline, the recently defined CKM syndrome was associated with incremental CVD risk compared with MetS and normal renal function. Treatment with IPE substantially reduced CVD risk in MetS patients with renal insufficiency (i.e., CKM) and CVD."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hypertriglyceridemia • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

EFFICACY OF ICOSAPENT ETHYL AMONG PATIENTS AT EXTREME CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF REDUCE-IT (ACC 2026) - "Abstract is embargoed at this time."

Clinical • Cardiovascular

Impact of omega-3 supplementation on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 mass and activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (PubMed, J Clin Lipidol) - "Omega-3 supplementation significantly reduces circulating levels of Lp-PLA2 mass without affecting its activity."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular

Effects of Icosapent Ethyl on Risk and Duration of Hospitalizations and Death in REDUCE-IT. (PubMed, Eur J Prev Cardiol) - "Icosapent ethyl was associated with fewer total hospitalizations and fewer days lost due to hospitalization and death, providing additional insights on the effects of icosapent ethyl on patient-centered measures of total disease burden."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hypertriglyceridemia • Metabolic Disorders

Gestational Hypertriglyceridemia Management and the Utility of Multidisciplinary Care. (PubMed, JACC Case Rep) - "Given the treatment barriers of HTG in this vulnerable population, we present a case where multidisciplinary care successfully managed severe HTG in pregnancy."

Journal • Dyslipidemia • Gynecology • Hypertriglyceridemia • Metabolic Disorders • Obstetrics • Pancreatitis • Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

Dyslipidemia Management in Stroke Prevention: An individualized approach. (PubMed, Int J Stroke) - "For statin intolerance or suboptimal response, ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors provide potent, bleeding-neutral LDL-C lowering. Inclisiran and bempedoic acid broaden therapeutic options, although stroke-specific efficacy data are still pending. Lp(a)-lowering agents, including pelacarsen, olpasiran and lepodisiran, are under active evaluation and may address residual cardiovascular risk. For triglyceride lowering, recent randomized evidence supports icosapent ethyl for reducing IS risk...This review synthesizes current evidence and proposes a phenotype-guided, individualized framework for dyslipidemia management across stroke subtypes. Moving beyond uniform targets toward etiologic and genetically informed lipid modulation may improve post-stroke outcomes and refine individualized stroke prevention."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • Dyslipidemia • Hematological Disorders • Ischemic stroke • Metabolic Disorders • APOB

Efficacy and safety of highly purified ethyl icosapentate soft capsules (MND-21) for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia: A 12-week, multi-center, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, phase III clinical trial in China. (PubMed, J Clin Lipidol) - P3 | "The superiority of MND-21 3600 mg/d over the placebo was observed, and MND-21 was safe and well tolerated."

Clinical • Journal • P3 data • Cardiovascular • Dyslipidemia • Hypertriglyceridemia • Pancreatitis • Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

Hypertriglyceridemia as an independent predictor of adverse prognosis in female patients with acute myocardial infarction: a comprehensive retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, Front Nutr) - "HTG is a strong independent predictor of adverse AMI outcomes, with a far stronger effect in females. Routine triglyceride screening and targeted therapies (e.g., fibrates, icosapent ethyl) are needed for female AMI patients."

Journal • Retrospective data • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Dyslipidemia • Heart Failure • Hypertriglyceridemia • Myocardial Infarction

Drug Development. (PubMed, Alzheimers Dement) - P2/3 | "In this cohort of cognitively unimpaired VA-eligible Veterans, IPE did not alter NULISA CSF biomarkers of vascular and metabolic health or AD pathology (pTau-217). While EPA has previously been shown to improve VEGF-mediated inflammatory and atherogenic processes, further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of IPE or other omega-3 fatty acids to alter AD risk through vascular risk modification."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Dementia • Inflammation

Biomarkers. (PubMed, Alzheimers Dement) - "IPE treatment did not significantly impact PCVIPR measures of cerebral blood flow. Baseline vascular CSF biomarker levels, but not APOE ε4 carrier status, significantly correlated with baseline PCVIPR measures of PI and to a lesser extent MF."

Biomarker • Clinical • Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • APOE

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium. (PubMed, Alzheimers Dement) - "IPE treatment did not significantly impact PCVIPR measures of cerebral blood flow. Baseline vascular CSF biomarker levels, but not APOE ε4 carrier status, significantly correlated with baseline PCVIPR measures of PI and to a lesser extent MF."

Biomarker • Clinical • Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • APOE

Cardioprotective mechanism of ω-3 fatty acid icosapent ethyl (IPE) in cardiomyocytes: role in high glucose and shear stress-induced mechano-transduction dysregulation. (PubMed, Cardiovasc Diabetol) - "Our results demonstrate a cardioprotective role of IPE through modulation of hyperglycaemia-induced mechano-transduction dysregulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Additionally, our results on a shear stress model showing that IPE restores upstream regulators of YAP/TAZ and reduces disturbed flow-induced activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, suggest that IPE may exert a therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disorders associated with disturbed blood flow and hemodynamic stress."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders

Eligibility for Icosapent ethyl in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation: A real-world cohort study. (PubMed, Int J Cardiol) - "In a large real-world cohort of acute and chronic coronary syndrome undergoing cardiac rehabilitation, over 10 % of patients were theoretically eligible for IPE based on clinical trial criteria. However, less than 1 % met current AIFA eligibility conditions due to added restrictions, highlighting a significant barrier to implementation in clinical practice."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Dyslipidemia • Hypertriglyceridemia

Lipid-Lowering Therapy Is Underutilized Across LDL-C Levels in Autoimmune Disease Compared to Diabetes: A Nationwide Analysis (AHA 2025) - "Statins included atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin. Non-statin therapies included icosapent ethyl, colesevelam, alirocumab, evolocumab, Bempedoic acid, cholestyramine, Inclisiran, colestipol, ezetimibe, gemfibrozil, omega-3 acid, fenofibrate...Non-statin lipid-lowering therapy use was significantly lower in autoimmune patients compared to those with diabetes across all LDL-C tertiles, with the largest differences observed at LDL <70 mg/dL (6.19% vs 10.24%, p<0.0001) and 70–99 mg/dL (4.05% vs 7.06%, p<0.0001).ConclusionDespite comparable ASCVD risk, patients with autoimmune disease are significantly less likely to receive statins or non-statin lipid-lowering therapy than those with DM across LDL-C levels. These findings show a need for improved cardiovascular prevention in this high-risk population."

Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Metabolic Disorders • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Innovative Lipid-Lowering Strategies: RNA-Based, Small Molecule, and Protein-Based Therapies. (PubMed, Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)) - "While 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, commonly known as statins, as well as ezetimibe, fibrates, and omega-3 fatty acids have established roles in lipid lowering, significant residual risk persists in many patients due to insufficient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction, elevated triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and genetically determined elevations of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). Clinical outcome trials have validated bempedoic acid, PCSK9 inhibitors, and icosapent ethyl, while large-scale programs are ongoing for obicetrapib, oral PCSK9 inhibitors, Lp(a)-targeted oligonucleotides, and ANGPTL3-directed RNA therapeutics. This review summarizes the mechanisms, pivotal trials, and clinical implications of innovative lipid-lowering therapies, highlighting how they may reshape future treatment algorithms for ASCVD prevention."

Journal • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Dyslipidemia • Metabolic Disorders • ANGPTL3 • APOB

Icosapent Ethyl in Patients With and Without Atrial Fibrillation (REDUCE IT) (AHA 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Attenuates Oxidation of Lp(a) and other Atherogenic Lipoproteins by a Potential Scavenging Mechanism (AHA 2025) - "The omega-3 fatty acid (n-3FA) EPA (20:5) delivered as icosapent ethyl (4 g/d) reduced CV events in high-risk patients, including those with elevated Lp(a) (REDUCE-IT).Hypothesis: We suspect EPA blunts lipid oxidation via the 5 methylene-interrupted alkene bonds on EPA, and this structure favors radical scavenging in lipoprotein particles – including Lp(a) – more than comparable agents at pharmacologic concentrations. Lp(a), small dense LDL (sdLDL), and TG-rich lipoproteins (VLDL) were enriched to 66% of total ApoB-containing particles (the remaining 34% being LDL) from patients following isopycnic centrifugation... In Lp(a)-enriched plasma, Lp(a) underwent more rapid oxidation than other ApoB-containing particles. EPA attenuated oxidation of all particles at pharmacologic levels in contrast with other lipid-centric antioxidants tested, which is consistent with a radical scavenging mechanism. The potent inhibition of Lp(a) oxidation by EPA may contribute to the benefit..."

Cardiovascular • APOB

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Combination Enhanced Expression of Src Kinase and Related Pathways in Endothelial Cells during Inflammation (AHA 2025) - "The omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) delivered as icosapent ethyl (IPE) and certain GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) independently reduce cardiovascular (CV) risk through potentially multifactorial mechanisms. Yet, the combined effects of these agents on CV risk remain poorly understood.Hypothesis: We suspected the combination of the GLP-1RA liraglutide (lira) and EPA would modulate protein expression, including c-Src, in ECs during inflammation. Human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) were challenged with Ang II (100 nM) for 2 h, then treated with lira (50 nM) and/or EPA (40 µM) for 24 h. Global proteomic analysis performed by mass spectroscopy measured the relative expression levels simultaneously... In ECs, EPA and lira enhanced expression of Src kinase and related signaling pathways and proteins compared to their separate effects. These pathways indicate the activation of EC migration and junctions in response to this combination. These potentially..."

Cardiovascular • Inflammation • ENG • HMOX1

12-Hepe Regulates the Antiplatelet Effects of Epa, the ω-3 Fatty Acid (ASH 2024) - "Supplementation with EPA alone provides cardiovascular protection, and the recent REDUCE-IT trial demonstrated the effectiveness of icosapent ethyl, a modified form of EPA, at reducing the risk of major cardiovascular events in at risk patients...These findings provide further insight into the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of EPA. A better understanding of current PUFA supplements containing EPA can inform treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases."

Cardiovascular • Thrombosis • ALOX15

Impact of PCSK9 inhibitor,GLP-1 Analog Therapy,Genetic Testing in Patient with Family History of CAD (OBESITY WEEK 2025) - "Background: This study explores lipid management through pharmacological interventions in a patient, highlighting persistent low HDL-C & elevated LDL-C levels, with impact of medications, lifestyle changes & genetic testing.A 41-year-old man with class 1 obesity and family history of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) presents for persistently low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) and elevated Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)...With statin intolerance, Ezetimibe started (May 2022), lowering LDL-C(121 mg/dL)...1 month after starting Icosapent ethyl and Tirzepatide, LDL-C(42 mg/dl), TG (99 mg/dl) & HDL-C(37 mg/dL) & NMR Lipoprotein analysis showing low HDL particle number (HDL-P) of 23.2 μmol/l in June 24... Evolocumab & Tirzepatide effectively reduced LDL-C (42 mg/dL), however minimal changes in HDL-C (36.8 to 37.3 mg/dL) with low HDL-P. Genetic testing was negative for commonly targeted FH genes, however, these test panels..."

Clinical • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Coronary Artery Disease • Dyslipidemia • Epilepsy • Familial Hypercholesterolemia • Gene Therapies • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Mixed Hyperlipidemia • Myocardial Infarction • Obesity • DEPDC5