Davanat (galactomannan) / Galectin Therap - LARVOL DELTA

Pathways in the brain, heart and lung influenced by SARS-CoV-2 NSP6 and SARS-CoV-2 regulated miRNAs: an in silico study hinting cancer incidence. (PubMed, Cardiooncology) - "This study highlights probable hub genes, drugs targeting them, and associated pathways perturbed by SARS-CoV-2 NSP6. Galectin3 (LGALS3) upregulated in both heart and brain after COVID-19 infection is reported to be influencing all the ten hallmarks of cancer. Our bioinformatics and systems study hints probable effect of COVID-19 infection in cancer incidence and warrants in-depth studies for present scenario of long and recurrent COVID-19."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Infectious Disease • Lung Cancer • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Small Cell Lung Cancer • Solid Tumor • ATP6AP1 • ATP6V1D • CANX • CCNA1 • CCNB1 • CCND1 • CCNE1 • CDKN1B • EGF • LAMP2 • LGALS3 • TGFB1 • TGFBR2

Davanat-Mimetic Galactomannan and Its Sulfated Derivative: Structure and Antitumor Effects against Melanoma. (PubMed, Biomacromolecules) - "Although in vitro lymphocyte proliferation was not observed, CD3+ cells increased in the metastatic lungs. These results suggest GGH and GGHS as immunostimulatory agents, with GGH as potential melanoma adjuvant therapy."

Journal • Colorectal Cancer • Genetic Disorders • Melanoma • Oncology • Skin Cancer • Solid Tumor • LGALS1

Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Plant-derived carbohydrates GM-CT-01 and GR-MD-02 were used to inhibit extracellular Galectin-1/-3 binding to BCP-ALL cells in co-culture with stromal cells. Treatment with these compounds attenuated migration of the BCP-ALL cells to stromal cells and sensitized human BCP-ALL cells to vincristine and the targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib...Taken together, our results indicate a complicated joint contribution of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 to BCP-ALL survival, with different roles for endogenous and stromal produced Galectins. These data indicate it will be important to efficiently block both extracellular and intracellular Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 with the goal of reducing BCP-ALL persistence in the protective bone marrow niche during chemotherapy."

Journal • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • LGALS1 • LGALS3 • ST6GAL1

Effects of seleno-Sesbania canabina galactomannan on anti-oxidative and immune function of macrophage. (PubMed, Carbohydr Polym) - "However, the selenylation modification did not show any obvious effect on the immunomodulatory activity of GM, as determined by the index of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β. Overall, the prepared SeGMs from galactomannan could potentially serve as a dietary supplement of Se or an organic antioxidant."

Journal • Immune Modulation • Inflammation • IL1B • IL6 • TNFA

The effects of oral administration of curcumin-galactomannan complex on brain waves are consistent with brain penetration: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study. (PubMed, Nutr Neurosci) - "The observed increase in α and β waves and reduction in α/β ratio in the CGM group suggest that CGM can influence the brain waves in healthy subjects in a manner consistent with penetration of the blood-brain-barrier. The EEG results correlated with improved audio-visual and working memory tests which further support the role of CGM on memory improvements and fatigue reduction."

Clinical • Journal • CNS Disorders • Fatigue

Gal-3 Deficiency Suppresses Novosphyngobium aromaticivorans Inflammasome Activation and IL-17 Driven Autoimmune Cholangitis in Mice. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "Marked attenuation of the disease in Lgals3 and Gal-3 inhibitor, DAVANAT, treated mice is manifested by the absence of bile duct damage, granulomas and fibrosis...Our data highlight the importance of Gal-3 in promotion of inflammation in N. aromaticivorans induced PBC by enhancing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and production of IL-1β and indicate Gal-3 as possible therapeutical target in autoimmune cholangitis. Galectin-3 appears involved in inflammatory response to gut commensal leading to PBC."

Journal • Preclinical • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis • Primary Biliary Cholangitis

Invasive Tracheobronchial Aspergillosis in Critically Ill Patients with Severe Influenza. (PubMed, Am J Respir Crit Care Med) - P | "Invasive tracheobronchial aspergillosis was associated with higher severity scores, mortality, serum and BALF Galactomannan and Beta-D Glucan levels than IPA patients without tracheobronchial lesions. ITBA should be systematically researched by bronchoscopic examination in ICU patients with concomitant pulmonary aspergillosis and influenza."

Clinical • Journal • Diabetes • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders

Effect of adding galactomannans on some physical and chemical properties of hyaluronic acid. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "2D NOESY spectra revealed hydrogen interconnectivity of H-1 glucuronic acid units of HA with H-5 mannose units of the main galactomannan chains. This synergism, besides producing a hydrogel with interesting properties, also can decrease the cost by partially replacing HA in many applications, such as in nutraceutical foods, support for tissue engineering and cosmetics."

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Galectin 3 protects from cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by promoting TLR-2-dependent activation of IDO1/Kynurenine pathway in renal DCs. (PubMed, Theranostics) - "Newly synthesized selective inhibitor of Gal-3 (Davanat) was used for pharmacological inhibition of Gal-3...Cyclophosphamide or anti-CD25 antibody were used for the depletion of Tregs... Gal-3 protects from CDDP-induced AKI by promoting TLR-2-dependent activation of IDO1/KYN pathway in renal DCs resulting in increased expansion of immunosuppressive Tregs in injured kidneys. Activation of Gal-3:TLR-2:IDO1 pathway in renal DCs should be further explored as new therapeutic approach for DC-based immunosuppression of inflammatory renal diseases."

IO Biomarker • Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Immunology • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Comparative neuroprotective effects of native curcumin and its galactomannoside formulation in carbofuran-induced neurotoxicity model. (PubMed, Nat Prod Res) - "Hence, we investigated the effect of a bioavailable curcumin-galactomannan complex (CGM) on CF-induced neurotoxicity in rats in comparison to that of unformulated standard curcumin (CS)...But, CGM was more effective in mitigating CF toxicity, with results comparable to that of normal. Hence, CGM might be superior in toxicity management against CF."

Journal • Pain

Laccase-Based Biosensor Encapsulated in a Galactomannan-Chitosan Composite for the Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds. (PubMed, Biosensors (Basel)) - "The voltammetric response of the biosensor was stable for more than two weeks. To estimate the antioxidant capacity of olive oil samples, it was shown that the obtained laccase-based biosensor is a valuable alternative to the colorimetric Folin-Ciocalteu method."

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Hepatoprotective and Anti-fibrotic Agents: It's Time to Take the Next Step. (PubMed) - Front Pharmacol - "Their mode of action, potential sources and the observed beneficial effects on liver health are discussed. This review attempts to provide a reference compilation for all those involved in the testing of drugs or in the design of new clinical trials targeting hepatic fibrosis."

Journal • Review • Biosimilar • Fibrosis • Immunology • Inflammation • Systemic Sclerosis

Effect of short-term oral immunotherapy with Cry j1-galactomannan conjugate on quality of life in Japanese cedar pollinosis patients: A prospective, randomized, open-label study. (PubMed) - "The new regimen of short-term OIT using the Cry j1-galactomannan conjugate results in meaningful improvements in QOL of JCP patients. Our findings suggest that short-term OIT using allergen-galactomannan conjugates, as well as sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy, improves QOL of patients with pollinosis. The study was registered in UMIN-CTR (UMIN000013408) as the name of "a prospective, randomized, open study of oral Cry j1-galactomannan conjugate immunotherapy for Japanese cedar pollen allergy"."

Journal • Biosimilar • Immunology • Inflammation

Structural Characterization and In Vitro Cytokines Modulation Effect of New Acetylated Galactomannans from Aloe arborescens. (PubMed, J Med Food) - "Three new galactomannan components designed as AANP-1, AANP-3, and AAAP-7 were isolated from previously purified Aloe arborescence polysaccharide fractions, using ion-exchange, gel filtration, and preparative chromatographic techniques...This is the first report for isolation galactomannans from Aloe arborescence. Moreover, this finding could provide new insights for exploring the biological modifier mechanism in correlation with the knowledge of structural configuration."

Journal • Preclinical • IFNG • IL2 • TNFA

Rheological and NMR spectral data sets of quaternary ammonium derivative of Cassia tora Linn. seed gum. (PubMed, Data Brief) - "The data was analysed to identify the quaternary ammonium moiety introduced onto the galactomannan chain...Further, the rheological data of CTG and derivatized product has been discussed. The data is related to the research article "Synthesis and characterization of quaternized Cassia tora gum using Taguchi's L'16 approach" [1]."

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Comparison and characterization of galactomannan at different developmental stages of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (PubMed, Carbohydr Polym) - "tree were collected and the galactomannan content and other properties were determined at their different developmental stages...The solubility of crude polysaccharides decreased with increased M/G ratio and maximum solubility was more than 89% that collected at 13 WAF. Rheological properties showed that apparent viscosity was largely influenced by the molecular weight and M/G ratio of galactomannans."

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Utility of BAL Galactomannan Testing: A Prospective Analytical Study (IWLH 2020) - "In patients with suspicion of pulmonary Aspergillosis, BAL galactomannan level was found to be a better marker than fungal smear/ culture. While microbiological and histopathological evidences are gold standard to diagnose fungal infections, our study shows that in patients with negative fungal smear or culture, BAL Galactomannan can be conclusive for diagnosis."

Clinical

Isolation, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of galactomannan during germination of Trigonella persica (Fabaceae) seed. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "Evaluation of galactomannan content extracted from the germinating seeds (GEGS) and the non-germinated seeds (GENGS) showed that the amount of galactomannan was highest at 24 h after imbibition and was completely consumed approximately 48 h after imbibition...Therefore, changes in galactomannan structure (functional group and band) caused that GEGS have different physicochemical properties than GENGS. Based on the results, GENGS with a high M/G ratio may be suitable for drug delivery system due to some properties such as high viscosity and gelling."

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The role of galactomannan Aspergillus antigen in diagnosing acute invasive fungal sinusitis. (PubMed, Int Forum Allergy Rhinol) - "Positive serum galactomannan can be an indication of AIFS in patients with a high clinical suspicion. In our study, a positive galactomannan always correlated with a positive pathologic diagnosis. However, given its low sensitivity, one must use caution in relying on galactomannan as a screening tool in diagnosis of AIFS."

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On the robustness of the Kelvin probe based potentiometric hydrogen electrode method and its application in characterizing effective hydrogen activity in metal: 5 wt. % Ni cold-rolled ferritic steel as an example. (PubMed, Sci Technol Adv Mater) - "The Davanathan-Starchurski permeation technique can cover this shortage...It is shown in this work that the time lag and permeation rate derived from the permeation curves obtained by this method show a very good reliability and the calculated hydrogen amount shows a good agreement with TDS results. 5 wt.% Ni ferritic steel is used as a model material in this work."

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Diagnostic Value of G and GM Tests in Acute Leukemia Patients with Invasive Fungal Disease (PubMed, Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi) - "Both (1, 3) -β-D-glucan and galactomannan test have high sensitivity and specificity, and the combination of them can improve the diagnostic efficacy, and make the clinical antifungal therapy more precisely. In the early clinical diagnosis of IFD, the positive results of serological detection coming earlier than lung CT."

Clinical • Journal

Transcutaneous Delivery of Immunomodulating Pollen Extract-Galactomannan Conjugate by Solid-in-Oil Nanodispersions for Pollinosis Immunotherapy. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "Second, as a safer alternative to SCIT and SLIT, transcutaneous immunotherapy (TCIT) with a solid-in-oil (S/O) nanodispersion system carrying PE-GM was proposed. Hydrophilic PE-GM was efficiently delivered through mouse skin using S/O nanodispersions, reducing the antibody secretion and modifying the type 1 T helper (Th1)/ type 2 T helper (Th2) balance in the mouse model, thereby demonstrating the potential to alleviate Japanese cedar pollinosis."

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Utility of BAL Galactomannan testing: A prospective analytical study (ERS 2019) - "Conclusion In patients with suspicion of pulmonary Aspergillosis, BAL galactomannan level was found to be a better marker than fungal smear/culture. While microbiological and histopathological evidences are gold standard to diagnose fungal infections, our study shows that in patients with negative fungal smear or culture, BAL Galactomannan can be conclusive for diagnosis."

Clinical

β-1,6-linked Galactofuranose- rich peptidogalactomannan of Fusarium oxysporum is important in the activation of macrophage mechanisms and as a potential diagnostic antigen. (PubMed, Med Mycol) - "...The galactomannan component consists of a main chain containing (1→6)-linked β-D-galactofuranose residues with side chains containing (1→2)-linked α-D-Glcp, (1→2)-linked -β-D-Manp (1→2) and β-D-Manp terminal nonreducing end units and differs from that of Aspergillus fumigatus and Cladosporium resinae that present a main chain containing (1→6)-linked α-D-Manp residues presenting β-D-Galf as side chains of 3-4 units that are (1→5)-interlinked...Interestingly, F. oxysporum conidia, intact and de-O-linked PGM were not able to induce IL-10 cytokine release. The difference in patient serum reativity using a PGM from F. oxysporum characterized in the present study as compared with a PGM from C. resinae, that presents the same epitopes recognized by serum from patients with aspergillosis, could be considered a potential diagnostic antigen and should be tested with more sera."

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The Combination of Dimorphandra gardneriana Galactomannan and Mangiferin Inhibits Herpes Simplex and Poliovirus. (PubMed, Curr Pharm Biotechnol) - "These results suggested that the DgGmM inhibited HSV-1 and PV-1 replication, with low cytotoxicity and high selectivity and, therefore, represents a potential candidate for further studies on the control of herpes and polio infections."

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