nitroglycerin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Navigating triple therapy in a high-risk cardiac patient with a covered stent and embolic stroke: A case report (ASH 2025) - "He was diagnosed with NSTEMI, and was initiated on aspirin, clopidogrel, enoxaparin, and nitroglycerin...Persistent cardiogenic shock necessitated Impella CP support, vasopressors (epinephrine, norepinephrine), and inotropes (dobutamine)...Following readmission, neurological evaluation revealed small subacute infarcts, following which anticoagulation with enoxaparin (later apixaban) was initiated alongside DAPT (aspirin, clopidogrel)...Repeat coronary angiography plays a major role here, allowing physicians to assess stent integrity and to make informed decision about de-escalation or continuation of therapy. Unfortunately, there are no current guidelines specifically addressing management strategies for patients with coronary artery aneurysms and recent embolic stroke, underscoring an urgent need for further research in this area."

Case report • Clinical • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Depression • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Ischemic stroke • Nephrology • Peripheral Arterial Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis

DS27 Checking blood pressure of patients having Mohs surgery: a survey of practice of UK- and Australasia-based Mohs surgeons. (PubMed, Br J Dermatol) - "'Other' open comment themes included determining signs of malignant hypertension, checking what their baseline BP was with the patient and/or general practitioner, refer to an emergency department or give a benzodiazepine (e.g. low-dose sublingual diazepam 2 mg)...From ANZ, glyceryl trinitrate, ramipril and sublingual nifedipine were given as antihypertensives...The results confirm a range of practice and no consensus. Further discussion and an evidence-based guideline would be helpful to develop more consistent practice."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension

SG12 A rare case of perianal granular cell tumour in a patient with localized recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. (PubMed, Br J Dermatol) - "The wound site was left open to promote healing; however, this was complicated by concomitant RDEB resulting in persisting well-demarcated ulceration unresponsive to topical Oleogel-S10, mupirocin 2% and Trimovate®. Botulinum toxin injections, topical glyceryl trinitrate and diltiazem are now being considered as the next step for this patient, with the aim of encouraging skin healing by relaxing the anal sphincter muscle...Additionally, this case presents the importance of tailored examinations under anaesthesia to facilitate perianal diagnoses in patients with EB, where skin fragility and pain limit the feasibility of routine examination methods. This case joins the existing literature that reports the challenges of wound healing in EB postoperatively, but importantly suggests that future management of other, nonsurgical perianal wounds in EB could also utilize similar techniques involving therapeutic anal sphincter muscle relaxation."

Journal • Anesthesia • Oncology • Pain • CD68

Precise Endoscopic Application of Nitroglycerin in Preventing Post-ERCP Pancreatitis (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=440 | Recruiting | Sponsor: National Cheng-Kung University Hospital | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Pancreatitis

Somatosensory cortical progesterone receptor signaling regulates the episodic to chronic migraine transformation. (PubMed, Neurobiol Dis) - "Migraine transformation was induced using five systemic alternate-day nitroglycerin (NTG) injections...When PR-expressing somatosensory cortical neurons were chemo-genetically silenced, the transition from acute to chronic migraine slowed. PR activation on the somatosensory cortex neurons contributes to the transformation of acute to chronic migraine."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain • PGR

Pulsed-Field Ablation-Induced Coronary Vasospasm for Atrial Tachycardia Originating From the Lateral Tricuspid Annulus. (PubMed, JACC Case Rep) - "When using the PulseSelect system for ablation of atrioventricular annulus-origin arrhythmias, silent coronary vasospasm can occur regardless of catheter design, necessitating vigilance near the coronary arteries."

Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms, Technologies, and Clinical Applications. (PubMed, Pharm Res) - "Future directions in TDDS research focus on integrating nanotechnology, AI-driven optimization, wearable sensors, and closed-loop smart systems. These integrations aim to achieve greater precision, personalization, and efficiency in transdermal drug delivery, providing valuable insights for future research and translational development."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Nicotine Addiction • Pain

Long-Term, Time-Dependent Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation for Refractory Angina Pectoris: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study. (PubMed, Neuromodulation) - "This study helps to resolve the debate on SCS efficacy in patients with RAP. There were significant quantitative increases in all treatment effects over time, suggesting cumulative physiological mechanisms that mandate sufficient follow-up in clinical trials to fully assess outcomes."

Journal • Observational data • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Depression • Pain • Psychiatry

Ultrasound Evaluation of the Effect of Impaired Vascular Dilation Function in Diabetic Patients on the Vasodilatory Effect of Nitroglycerin During the Perioperative Period - A Prospective Trial Cohort Study. (PubMed, Drug Des Devel Ther) - "This was manifested by the requirement for higher nitroglycerin doses to achieve target baseline blood pressure levels during hemodynamic management following extubation. These findings suggest that preoperative vascular ultrasound may provide an individualized nitroglycerin dosing framework for diabetic patients."

Journal • Anesthesia • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

Artificially Constructing Microbial Consortia for Bioaugmentation of Nitroglycerin Degradation. (PubMed, Water Environ Res) - "Biolog ECO-plate analysis has shown that the consortium can metabolize 31 different carbon sources. Through whole-genome sequencing and metatranscriptome analysis of enzyme genes related to nitroglycerin degradation, the speculation was that strains X10 and X14 were mainly responsible for the degradation of nitroglycerin (NG) to dinitro-glycerin (DNG) and further to mononitro-glycerin (MNG), while strains X97 and X58 were responsible for the degradation of mononitro-glycerin to glycerol, which constituted a complete nitroglycerin degradation pathway."

Journal

Behavioural characterisation of a codeine-induced medication overuse headache model in mice: Focus on pain-related behaviour and cognitive impairment (EHF-EHC 2025) - "After the 12-day drug-free period (day 21), we assessed the development of periorbital allodynia following application of a low nitroglycerin dose. Codeine induced cutaneous allodynia and cognitive impairment in mice, with effects comparable to those of sumatriptan. These results support the idea of codeine-induced model of MOH as a promising preclinical tool for studying MOH and its consequences."

Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Network-level brain connectivity alterations in an animal model of migraine and the effects of olcegepant treatment (EHF-EHC 2025) - "We previously showed that nitroglycerin (NTG) induces thalamic and subcortical connectivity changes in male rats, mimicking migraine-like network disruption...Resting-state fMRI was acquired two hours post-NTG under isoflurane anaesthesia. Resting-state fMRI was acquired two hours post-NTG under isoflurane anaesthesia...Notably, left cingulate degree declined from 22.14 to 13.63 (p = 0.007), and thalamic CC from 0.074 to 0.069 (p = 0.008). Olcegepant significantly modulated connectivity within the pain matrix towards greater efficiency and reduced hubness in regions such as the thalamus, insula, and cingulate cortex, to restore migraine-related impairments in connectivity."

Preclinical • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Preserved reaction time but increased cognitive errors after nitroglycerin in vestibular migraine: A brain fog phenotype? (EHF-EHC 2025) - "This dissociation between speed and accuracy may reflect early cognitive changes in the migraine cascade. NTG-induced paradigms may help quantify subjective brain fog and define its neural mechanisms"

CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Case report: Retinal involvement in recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy with reversible color vision impairment (EHF-EHC 2025) - "Acute treatments (rizatriptan, ibuprofen, loxoprofen, rimegepant) failed; only indomethacin provided relief. Interictal IV nitroglycerin failed to induce migraine-like headache...By inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX), indomethacin suppresses prostaglandin synthesis, reducing prostaglandin-mediated sensitization of trigeminovascular afferents, suggesting trigeminovascular afferent sensitization in RPON. Furthermore, RPON pathophysiology may involve retinal neuronal networks beyond the oculomotor nerve, supported by PERG amplitude changes implicating inner retinal layer pathology, indicating pathogenesis distinct from classical cranial neuropathies."

Case report • Clinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Neuralgia • Ophthalmology • Pain

TXNIP alleviates central sensitization via GLUT3-mediated glucose uptake in NTG-induced chronic migraine model of mice (EHF-EHC 2025) - "The CM model was induced in mice via repeated intraperitoneal injections of nitroglycerin (NTG)...This study reveals for the first time impaired neuronal glucose uptake in CM mice. The TXNIP inhibitor SR37330 alleviates central sensitization in CM mice by restoring GLUT3-mediated glucose uptake."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain • FOS • SLC2A3 • TXNIP

Eye movement patterns reflect vertigo sensations in vestibular migraine (EHF-EHC 2025) - "Three VM patient and one HP also received intravenous nitroglycerin (0.5 µg/kg) as part of the NITROVest study (IRAS 312478)...These findings support the concept that central vestibular dysregulation in VM may enhance internal eye motion signals, contributing to vertiginous sensations. Understanding this perceptual-motor linkage may aid in deciphering VM pathophysiology and support future efforts in biomarker development."

CNS Disorders • Migraine • Ophthalmology • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Vertigo

Dual inhibition of FAAH and TRPV1 receptors counteracts nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like symptoms only in male rats (EHF-EHC 2025) - "The dual inhibition of AEA degradation and TRPV1 activity induces sex-specific effects in the NTG-induced migraine model, with anti-hyperalgesic effects observed exclusively in males. These results suggest a sex-specific role of the endocannabinoid system in migraine."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Mood Disorders • Pain

Evolution of nitroglycerin-triggered premonitory symptoms in participants with migraine (EHF-EHC 2025) - "Symptoms that are attributed to the hypothalamus typically begin after. These results may suggest an early dysmodulation of the thalamus, while the hypothalamus could be a later structure involved in the migraine attack, rather than be involved in attack initiation."

CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Mechanistic study of dopamine and D2 receptors in the medial orbitofrontal cortex involved in migraine (EHF-EHC 2025) - "A chronic migraine mouse model was established by repeated administration of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)...This study clarifies the key role of dopamine and D2 receptors in the mOFC in chronic migraine: in CM model mice, dopamine release in the mOFC is increased, which activates dopamine D2 receptor and inhibits excitatory DRD2+ neurons dominated by Camk2a⁺, thereby improving pain hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behavior. This finding supplements the specific mechanism of the prefrontal control network in the migraine brain network dysregulation model, provides the excitatory DRD2+ neurons in the mOFC as a potential target for targeted therapy of CM, and also lays a foundation for subsequent exploration of the interaction and effect of this pathway with other analgesic systems."

CNS Disorders • Immunology • Migraine • Mood Disorders • Neuralgia • Pain • CAMK2A • DRD1 • DRD2 • FOS

Increased susceptibility to cortical spreading depolarization in mouse models of migraine and depression (EHF-EHC 2025) - "The Migraine group received 5 nitroglycerin injections (10 mg/kg) administered every other day for 9 days...In contrast, no significant effects were detected in males, underscoring a sex-specific influence on CSD susceptibility. Taken together, these results provide experimental evidence for a comorbid interaction between migraine and depression, particularly in females."

Preclinical • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Depression • Migraine • Mood Disorders • Pain • Psychiatry

To explore the mechanism of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in migraine (EHF-EHC 2025) - "To induce chronic migraine in mice, repeated intraperitoneal injections of nitroglycerin were administered...To determine the role of GLP-1R in the chronic migraine model, we administered different concentrations (125ug/kg, 250ug/kg, 400ug/kg, and 800ug/kg) of the GLP-1 selective agonist (Liraglutide)...In addition, activation of GLP-1R can improve chronic migraine by regulating autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Our results suggest that in a chronic migraine mouse model, activation of GLP-1R in neurons in TNC can improve chronic migraine by regulating autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway."

CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain • FOS

Kiss1 receptor as a novel target for migraine treatment (EHF-EHC 2025) - "The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression patterns of the Kiss1 receptor (Kiss1R) in the rodent TVS and to assess the therapeutic potential of blocking Kiss1R with its antagonist p234 in preventing nitroglycerin-induced periorbital mechanical hypersensitivity...Our data highlight that KP can modulate trigeminal nociception, aligning with the increased migraine incidence observed after puberty. Targeting the KP signalling pathway may offer a promising therapeutic approach for migraine treatment."

Late-breaking abstract • CNS Disorders • Immunology • Migraine • Pain

Breaking the chronic migraine cycle: Semaglutide modulates pain, well-being, and cannabinoid signaling in a preclinical study (EHF-EHC 2025) - "GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly liraglutide, have shown potential in reducing pain hypersensitivity in preclinical and clinical settings...Male and female mice developed a CM-like state through repeated intraperitoneal ( i.p. ) nitroglycerin injections. Semaglutide (subcutaneous) or propranolol ( i.p. , reference drug) was administered daily over nine days...Semaglutide modulated ECS in a sex-specific manner, indicating distinct neurobiological responses in males and females. These results support semaglutide as a promising candidate for CM therapy ."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Immunology • Migraine • Pain • CNR1 • MGLL

Alterations in gut microbiota and the endocannabinoid system in an animal model of chronic migraine (EHF-EHC 2025) - "This study assessed whether gut dysbiosis is associated with ECs alterations, centrally and peripherally, in a chronic migraine-like animal model induced by repeated nitroglycerin (NTG) administration...Similarly, reduced MAGL mRNA was detected in the trigeminal ganglion of NTG-treated rats. These findings suggest that microbiota dysbiosis associated with trigeminal hyperalgesia may be linked to altered 2-arachidonoylglycerol metabolism, suggesting a potential role for the gut-brain-endocannabinoid axis in migraine-related pain."

Gut Microbiota • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Inflammation • Migraine • Pain

Piezo2 in trigeminal ganglion neurons contributes to mechanical hyperalgesia in chronic migraine (EHF-EHC 2025) - "The animal model of chronic migraine was established by intermittent intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin (NTG), and adult male and female mice were selected as the research subjects...This study demonstrates that Piezo2 plays a pivotal role in the mechanical sensitization of chronic migraine in both male and female rats. Targeting Piezo2 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for CM - associated mechanical hyperalgesia."

CNS Disorders • Immunology • Migraine • Pain