denenicokin (BMS-982470) / BMS - LARVOL DELTA

IL-21-dependent expansion of memory-like NK cells enhances protective immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (PubMed) - Mucosal Immunol - "Using antibodies, short interfering RNA and gene-deleted mice, we found that expansion of memory-like NK cells depends on interleukin 21 (IL-21). NKp46+CD27+KLRG1+ NK cells expanded in healthy individuals with latent TB infection in an IL-21-dependent manner. Our study provides first evidence that memory-like NK cells survive long term, expansion depends on IL-21, and involved in vaccine-induced protective immunity against a bacterial pathogen.Mucosal Immunology advance online publication, 7 December 2016; doi:10.1038/mi.2016.105."

Journal • Biosimilar • Immunology

[Roles of interleukin-21 and its receptor in autoimmune diseases]. (PubMed) - Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi - "As a new immunoregulatory factor, IL-21 and its receptor play important roles in the development and progression of various autoimmune diseases. Regulation of the expression levels of IL-21 and IL-21R and blocking of their signal transduction pathways with blockers may be new treatment options for autoimmune diseases."

Journal • Review • Biosimilar • Immunology

CpG oligodeoxynucleotide CpG-685 upregulates functional interleukin-21 receptor on chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells through an NF-κB mediated pathway. (PubMed) - By treating CLL cells with an NF-κB inhibitor, we inhibit the CpG ODN-mediated induction of IL21R, thus demonstrating that CpG-685 upregulates IL21R through an NF-κB mediated pathway. These findings suggest an alternative mechanism for induction of IL-21 receptor in CLL B cells and provide a basis for creation of future combination therapies.

Journal • Biosimilar