raltegravir / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Graft-versus-HIV-reservoir reactivity: Long term HIV remission after allogeneic stem cell transplantation from a donor with active CCR5 (ASH 2025) - "Three years after alloSCT (September 2017), the patientdiscontinued antiretroviral therapy (Raltegravir and Abacavir/Lamivudine). This is the first case of HIV cure via alloSCT from a donor with active CCR5 and provides compellingevidence that "graft-versus-reservoir" reactivity is the key driver of viral reservoir clearance.For alloSCT recipients living with HIV and their caregivers, these data demonstrate the possibility of HIVcure even when no HIV resistant (CCR5 Δ32/ Δ32) alloSCT donor can be identified. Outside the alloSCTfield, our data builds the underlying rationale for HIV cure strategies based on effective viral reservoirreductions."

Clinical • Acute Graft versus Host Disease • Graft versus Host Disease • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Transplantation • CCR5 • CD4 • CXCR4 • FLT3

Melanocortin-4 Receptor Gene Variants and Weight Change Following Switch to Integrase Inhibitor-Based Antiretroviral Therapy. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - "Among 529 persons with HIV (median age: 50 years, 29% non-Hispanic Black, 22% female), 62% were overweight or obese at integrase strand transfer inhibitor switch, and 62% switched to raltegravir. In adjusted linear models, three variants were associated (P < .05) with weight change after switch in all participants or in prespecified subgroups. These exploratory findings are consistent with the role of melanocortins in appetite and weight and suggest a neuroendocrine contribution to integrase inhibitor-related weight gain."

Clinical • Journal • Genetic Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Obesity • MC4R

Efficacy of raltegravir in achieving virological suppression at delivery in HIV-positive pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth) - "It concluded that RAL is effective for achieving virological suppression at delivery in HIV-positive pregnant women, and possibly contribute to the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission."

Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Deep sequencing reveals underestimated burden of integrase inhibitor resistance mutations in people living with HIV: a global individual patient data meta-analysis. (PubMed, Emerg Microbes Infect) - "IPD analysis of 394 mutation-positive individuals revealed 8.52% low-frequency resistance to dolutegravir and bictegravir in treatment-naïve populations, while treated patients exhibited significantly increased intermediate/high-level resistance to first-generation INSTIs, including raltegravir and elvitegravir. Although second-generation INSTIs maintain lower resistance rates, cross-resistance risks necessitate clinical vigilance. Optimized resistance surveillance strategies incorporating low-frequency mutation detection offer critical evidence for advancing global HIV control efforts."

Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Prevalence of primary HIV-1 drug resistance among antiretroviral-naïve individuals in Togo in 2023: a national study. (PubMed, Front Public Health) - "However, accessory mutations (genetic changes that do not confer significant resistance by themselves) as E157Q/E157EQ (43/57) and T97A/T97TA (14/57) associated with resistance against first-generation integrase inhibitors (INIs) as raltegravir, elvitegravir were found in 17.2% of samples. The dominant subtypes were CRF02_AG (64.8%) and CRF06_cpx (12.8%). These results support the continued use of dolutegravir-based regimens in Togo and call for continued monitoring of primary resistance to maintain the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies in Togo."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Effects of Dolutegravir (DTG) and Raltegravir (RAL) on Brain function and Behavioral study. A Model for Cognitive disorder and Motor Function in C57 Black Mice. (Neuroscience 2025) - "The reduced locomotor activity and the marker protein changes showed new model for motor function/ cognitive function due to the effect of DTG and RAL. Our findings therefore highlight the potential of ART to be harmful to the brain and as such these drugs may contribute the development of HIV associated neurocognitive disorder."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Psychiatry

Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate-Associated Fanconi Syndrome (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "The patient had been stable on darunavir, ritonavir, and raltegravir, but this was changed to a combined bictegravir-emtricitabine-tenofovir alafenamide for simplicity just prior to his presentation. His development of acute and severe electrolyte disturbances after initiation of TAF is concerning for acute worsening of preexisting Fanconi syndrome. This case highlights that while TAF is generally considered safer, there is still risk of renal toxicity, particularly when renal tubular dysfunction is already present."

Chronic Kidney Disease • Fatigue • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Nephrology • Orthopedics • Renal Disease

Beyond General HIV Risk: Insights on Antiretroviral Agents, Immune Status, and Cardiovascular Disease Progression in a Vulnerable Urban Cohort (AHA 2025) - "After adjustment, tenofovir use was associated with decreased CAD progression (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.69, p<0.05), while raltegravir (aOR 49.40, CI 1.84–1326.57, p<0.05), cobicistat (aOR 23.57, CI 1.31–425.58, p<0.05), cocaine use (aOR 13.52, CI 2.09–87.60, p<0.01), male sex (aOR 8.55, CI 1.24–59.12, p<0.05), and obstructive sleep apnea (aOR 25.23, CI 2.15–296.64, p<0.05) were associated with increased risk. Specific ART agents and CD4 count were independently associated with distinct CVD outcomes alongside traditional cardiovascular risk factors in this cohort. These insights support considering individual ART and immune status for tailored CVD risk assessment in vulnerable populations with HIV."

Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Myocardial Infarction • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder • CD4

Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors for Treatment-experienced Young Adults With Perinatal HIV in the US: Immunologic, Virologic, and Anthropometric Outcomes. (PubMed, Clin Infect Dis) - "Individual INSTI-based regimens among treatment-experienced AYAPHIV had moderate effectiveness with respect to viral suppression. Continued average weight gain across INSTIs raises concerns about long-term cardiometabolic sequalae."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Obesity • Pediatrics • CD4

Differences in ART regimen initiation among people with recently acquired HIV: 2015-2021 (EACS 2025) - "INSTIs were classified as first-generation (raltegravir, elvitegravir) or second-generation (dolutegravir, bictegravir). However, women and individuals from Africa remain less likely to receive these regimens despite early care engagement. Qualitative research with prescribers is needed to understand these disparities to inform more equitable ART initiation."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Nucleocapsid mutations at time of virological failure with an integrase inhibitor (EACS 2025) - "Results : Sequences were available for 61 PLWH-1 receiving either elvitegravir (n=3), raltegravir (n=4), cabotegravir (n=4), dolutegravir (n=18), or bictegravir (n=32). Conclusions : Our study confirms that mutations in the nucleocapsid are observed in a small number of individuals with VF with an INSTI-based regimen. Phenotypic data are needed to decipher the impact of the new mutations (F16Y, N27D, and N27H), and the frequency of nucleocapsid mutations should be explored in larger cohorts."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV and TB in France: a nationwide retrospective study between 2010 and 2023 (EACS 2025) - "Purpose : Since 2014, following EACS guidelines, raltegravir (RAL) and then dolutegravir (DTG) are proposed as alternatives to efavirenz (EFV)-based ART in people with HIV (PWH) treated for TB...First ART following the TB index date was used to classify ART as 2 NRTIs plus a boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r), an INSTI (RAL, DTG, or bictegravir [BIC]), EFV, or other combinations...​ Conclusions : In this French nationwide cohort, TB and HIV were diagnosed concomitantly in 40% of cases. DTG-based regimens have replaced EFV- and PI/r-based regimens over the past decade, representing half of ART prescriptions in PWH treated for TB in 2023."

Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Tuberculosis

Virological Outcomes in People Living With HIV on INSTI-based cART Receiving Paclitaxel for Kaposi Sarcoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study (EACS 2025) - "INSTI-based regimens included Dolutegravir (DTG): n=7, Raltegravir (RAL): n=8, Bictegravir (BIC): n=4, and Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine (CAB/RPV): n=1. The null clinical impact reflects Paclitaxel’s transient enzyme induction. These findings support co-administration safety with standard dose second-generation INSTIs but warrant: (1) therapeutic drug monitoring and (2) evaluation of long-acting CAB/RPV and oral INSTI-based two drug regimens with chemotherapy where resistance risks may differ."

Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CYP3A4 • UGT1A1

Unconventional DORAVIRINE antiretroviral regime: a single-center experience (EACS 2025) - "1,2 Available in a once-daily combination with tenofovir-disoproxil/lamivudine (TDF/3TC), DOR showed versatility in more unconventional combinations, especially in dual-therapy with dolutegravir (DTG) 1,3 or 3TC...Twenty-two were dual-therapy with DOR+darunavir/cobicistat (DRV/c) (9/30; 30%) and DOR+DTG (7/30; 23%) being the most common...DOR+ARV ensured good immunovirological control and neutral impact on cholesterol and BMI as already reported 1,3,4 with high tolerability, having only one person/30 discontinuing DOR. Conclusions : Unconventional DOR combinations in dual-therapy including those with DRV/c or raltegravir are effective and well-tolerated options among others for multi-treated PLWH experiencing aging and comorbidities."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Changes in Neuronal Injury and Inflammation Biomarkers in CSF of People Switching to Doravirine plus Raltegravir (EACS 2025) - P2 | "However, a trend toward increased neuronal degeneration and microglial activation biomarkers was observed. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings"

Biomarker • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4 • CHI3L1 • LGALS3 • NEFL • Plasma NfL

Identification of a mouse-virulent recombinant type I/III Toxoplasma gondii strain in liver cytology of an immunosuppressed cat infected with FeLV-C subgroup. (PubMed, Vet Res Commun) - "The cat, a rescued stray with ongoing outdoor access, had previously responded to doxycycline and prednisolone for presumed Mycoplasma spp...Despite treatment with raltegravir, prednisolone, darbopoetin alfa, cyclosporine and clindamycin (although unknown effectiveness of oral administration), clinical deterioration occurred...Despite the initiation of intravenous clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, the cat developed seizures, acute respiratory distress, and septic shock, leading to euthanasia...This case highlights the variable presentation of toxoplasmosis in cats and contributes to the scarce knowledge of circulating strains in animals. Characterizing the genetic background of strains could identify sources during zoonotic outbreaks and identify genotypes associated with specific clinical manifestations."

Journal • Preclinical • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hypoglycemia • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Neutropenia • Oncology • Pain • Septic Shock

Cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus and coronavirus infection with neuropsychiatric sequelae: a case report (ECNP 2025) - "Initial treatment included fluconazole, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, pyrimethamine, and antiretroviral therapy with raltegravir and tenofovir/emtricitabine...Antidepressant therapy with sertraline was introduced, and he is under continuous psychiatric monitoring... This case highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing cerebral toxoplasmosis in the context of newly diagnosed HIV infection and concurrent COVID-19. The overlapping symptoms and delayed identification of immunodeficiency contributed to prolonged neurological impairment and poor functional recovery. Furthermore, the emergence of severe psychiatric complications, including major depressive disorder and suicidality, underscores the need for comprehensive, multidisciplinary care that addresses both neurological and mental health outcomes."

Case report • Clinical • Anorexia • CNS Disorders • Depression • Major Depressive Disorder • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Suicidal Ideation

Mortality using raltegravir versus other integrase strand-transfer inhibitors in people with HIV in Europe and Australia: a prospective multicentre study. (PubMed, EClinicalMedicine) - "While a large number of potential confounders were accounted for, the results presented are an estimation of average treatment effect using IPTW which is still vulnerable to uncontrolled confounding. CHU St Pierre Brussels HIV Cohort, Austrian HIV Cohort Study, Australian HIV Observational Database, AIDS Therapy Evaluation in the Netherlands National Observational HIV cohort, EuroSIDA cohort, Frankfurt HIV Cohort Study, Georgian National AIDS Health Information System, Nice HIV Cohort, ICONA Foundation, Modena HIV Cohort, PISCIS Cohort Study, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Swedish InfCare HIV Cohort, Royal Free HIV Cohort Study, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, University Hospital Bonn HIV Cohort, University of Cologne HIV Cohort, Brighton HIV Cohort, and the National Croatian HIV cohort, ViiV Healthcare, Merck Life Sciences, Gilead Sciences, and the Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity Infections (CHIP)."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Hepatitis C • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Nephrology • Renal Disease • CD4

Association of HLA-B*53 With DRESS Syndrome in Patients Treated With Raltegravir: Two Case Reports and a Literature Review. (PubMed, Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol) - "Findings support a potential genetic predisposition involving HLA-B*53:01 in raltegravir-induced DRESS. Screening in high-prevalence populations may help prevent severe reactions. Further research should refine diagnostic and management strategies."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Eosinophilia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • HLA-B

Prevalence of acquired resistance to HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) in clinical samples from treatment-experienced patients in Chile, 2012-2023. (PubMed, J Virus Erad) - "High AR rates were observed for first-generation INSTIs: raltegravir (28 %) and elvitegravir (27.7 %). Lower resistance levels were found for dolutegravir (8.3 %), bictegravir (8.3 %), and cabotegravir (18.7 %)...These findings highlight the need for nationwide molecular surveillance and pre-treatment genotyping, particularly before initiating long-acting regimens such as CAB-LA. Strategic monitoring will be critical to maintaining the efficacy of current and next-generation INSTIs."

Journal • Preclinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Unveiling the Anti-cancer Potential of Oxadiazole Derivatives: A Comprehensive Exploration of Structure-Activity Relationships and Chemico-Biological Insights. (PubMed, Med Chem) - "Overall, these results will prove to be a helpful and vital tool for medicinal chemists investigating and working with oxadiazoles for anti-cancer action."

Journal • Review • Oncology

Breastfeeding on ART and a closer look at drug transfer to HIV-exposed uninfected infants. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Maternal ART regimens included abacavir/lamivudine (n = 2), tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (n = 1) or tenofovirdisoproxil/emtricitabine (n = 5) in combinations with rilpivirine (n = 3) (RPV), dolutegravir (n = 2) (DTG), raltegravir (n = 1), darunavir/ritonavir (n = 1), or nevirapine (n = 1). Given this variability and the potential for drug accumulation in individual cases, maternal therapeutic drug monitoring should be considered to identify elevated levels early on. In such situations, infant monitoring tailored to the individual may also be warranted."

Journal • Retrospective data • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia

Differential Effects of Antiretroviral HIV Integrase Inhibitors on Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecules. (PubMed, Antiviral Res) - "Given the role of adhesion molecules in mediating endothelial interactions with leukocytes and platelets during vascular inflammation and thrombosis, we compared the impact of four INSTIs-dolutegravir (DTG), bictegravir (BIC), raltegravir (RAL), and cabotegravir (CAB)-and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor doravirine (DOR), which is not associated with excessive CV risk, on adhesion molecule expression. Our findings reveal distinct immunomodulatory profiles among the different INSTIs in vitro, rather than a class-wide effect. Future studies in patients with HIV will be needed to confirm the proinflammatory effects of DTG, BIC and CAB and to explore their potential implications for CV risk."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Thrombosis • ICAM1 • ITGAM • VCAM1

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis: For Sexual Exposure in the LGBTQIA+ Community. (PubMed, Adv Emerg Nurs J) - "The current practices depend on two-pill approaches that combine emtricitabine/tenofovir with either dolutegravir or raltegravir. However, the introduction of the one-pill bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) improves the chances of receiving prophylactic treatment by people with serious renal health issues. The purpose of the clinical recommendation is to present MSM and transgender patients who might have contracted HIV with an alternative treatment of BIC/FTC/TAF that reduces renal side effects and requires a single pill a day."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Antiretroviral-specific associations between bone hormonal changes and treatment induced weight gain. (PubMed, AIDS) - "This study suggests links between bone-derived hormones and ART induced weight gain in PWH and demonstrates that this relationship is influenced by specific antiretrovirals."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4 • LCN2