Cerebrolysin (porcine brain-derived proteolytic peptide fraction) / EVER Pharma - LARVOL DELTA

Safety and Efficacy of Cerebrolysin for Neurorecovery After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 14 Randomized Controlled Trials. (PubMed, Cureus) - "These findings suggest that Cerebrolysin significantly enhances early neurological recovery after ischemic stroke, with a comparable safety profile. Further high-quality trials are warranted to confirm its impact on long-term functional outcomes."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Ischemic stroke

Evaluating the Effect of Cerebrolysin as an Adjuvant to Standard Therapy in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Observational Study. (PubMed, Medicina (Kaunas)) - "However, the short follow-up, single-center setting, and lack of randomization limit generalizability. Larger multicenter randomized trials with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings."

Journal • Observational data • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Microglial Polarization and Therapeutic Strategies in Post-stroke Neuroinflammation. (PubMed, Neurol Ther) - "Emerging pharmacological interventions, such as the free radical scavenger edaravone, the neurotrophic factor cerebrolysin, and the excitotoxicity modulator citicoline, demonstrate promising neuroprotective potential when strategically timed. Findings on neuroinflammation, mechanism, or interventions in ischemic stroke were narratively synthesized through thematic analysis. This review summarizes current insights into post-stroke neuroinflammatory mechanisms, with a focus on the dual role of microglial polarization."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Inflammation • Ischemic stroke • Oncology • IL6 • TNFA

A clinical case of treating a patient with severe ischemic stroke and cancer (PubMed, Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova) - "Despite the high risk of hemorrhagic complications associated with underlying malignancy, systemic thrombolysis with alteplase was successfully administered; however, hemorrhagic transformation subsequently occurred. Early comprehensive rehabilitation and adjunctive therapy with Cerebrolysin (30 ml/day) significantly reduced neurological deficits. One month after the stroke, the patient exhibited near-complete motor recovery and substantial improvement in speech function without complications during anticoagulant therapy with apixaban. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and an integrated approach to the management of stroke in oncological patents."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Colon Cancer • Colorectal Cancer • Hematological Disorders • Ischemic stroke • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Thrombosis

CREGS-2 - A multinational, high-quality comparative effectiveness study of Cerebrolysin in moderate acute ischemic stroke. (PubMed, Int J Stroke) - "The ordinal MoCA showed superiority for Cerebrolysin in the TP (MW 0.5530; CI 0.5282-0.5778; P<0.0001) with more pronounced effects in the subgroup with cognitive impairments at baseline (Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) ≥3.3). No differences in safety measures were recorded.The study is notable for its robust data integrity, with valid entries of 90.9% for the primary 90-day mRS assessment with multilevel case mix standardisation and an overall dropout rate to the final visit of only 5.7%.ConclusionThe results of the CREGS-2 study showed the effectiveness and safety of Cerebrolysin treatment for moderate acute IS in real world clinical practice."

HEOR • Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Cardiovascular • Cognitive Disorders • Ischemic stroke

Efficacy of Prednisolone Versus Cerebrolysin in the Treatment of Bell's Palsy (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=90 | Recruiting | Sponsor: October 6 University | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 ➔ Feb 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2024 ➔ Jan 2026

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • CNS Disorders

Neuroprotective Agents With Reperfusion Therapies in Ischemic Stroke: Evidence From Recent Randomized Trials. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Interventions included nerinetide, edaravone (and its derivatives), nelonemdaz, cerebrolysin, minocycline, glyceryl trinitrate, and normobaric hyperoxia. Quality assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) 2.0 tool revealed low to moderate risk of bias across most studies. Although the evidence remains heterogeneous, this review highlights the potential role of neuroprotective agents as adjuncts to reperfusion therapy and identifies promising directions for future clinical trials."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Ischemic stroke

Is Cerebrolysin Useful in Psychiatry Disorders? (PubMed, Biomedicines) - " The results show that this specific substance could have a relatively small application in psychiatry. The limited amount of available research on the use of cerebrolysin suggests that it may have some significance in supporting the treatment of depression and autism spectrum disorders and alleviating adverse effects during treatment with neuroleptics."

Journal • Autism Spectrum Disorder • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Genetic Disorders • Mental Retardation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Effects of cerebrolysin on behavioral changes and the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the prefrontal cortex of male mice in the ketamine model of schizophrenia. (PubMed, Mol Biol Rep) - "These findings demonstrate the neuroprotective properties of CBL, which are likely due to its modulatory action on the TRP/KYN pathway and improvement in spatial memory, anxiety, and depression-like behaviors in schizophrenia mice."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Depression • Inflammation • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia • IL1B • NLRP3

Cerebrolysin in Early Stroke Rehabilitation - Tertiary Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=30 | Recruiting | Sponsor: University Medical Centre Ljubljana

New trial • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke • Vascular Neurology

Cerebrolysin with reperfusion therapy in ischemic stroke: a prospective analysis of multimodal brain imaging data from the CEREHETIS trial (PubMed, Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova) - "Cerebrolysin treatment was associated with favorable changes in quantitative imaging biomarkers, indicating better preservation of brain microstructure, stabilization of BBB permeability, and a reduction in infarct volume in patients with AIS. These findings support the potential cytoprotective effects of Cerebrolysin and highlight the utility of DTI and PCT for evaluating therapeutic efficacy and guiding individualized neuroprotective strategies."

Clinical • Journal • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Cerebrolysin-loaded platelet-rich plasma exosomes: Restoring immune homeostasis via TNF-α/IL-10 modulation and apoptosis targeting for spinal cord injury repair. (PubMed, J Spinal Cord Med) - "Histological assessment revealed improved tissue organization, and motor function recovery was significantly enhanced as measured by BBB scores. CLE showed neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, reducing apoptosis and inflammation while promoting tissue repair and motor function recovery in SCI, making it a promising therapeutic candidate."

IO biomarker • Journal • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Orthopedics • BAX • BCL2 • IL10 • TNFA

Cost-effectiveness of Cerebrolysin as an add-on treatment for neurorecovery after traumatic brain injury. (PubMed, J Med Life) - "A model-based approach is needed to account for potential sources of bias beyond the 90-day observation period of this clinical trial. Furthermore, economic evaluations incorporating patients diagnosed with all TBI severities are needed."

HEOR • Journal • CNS Disorders • Depression • Psychiatry • Vascular Neurology

Influence of Exogenous Neuropeptides on the Astrocyte Response Under Conditions of Continuous and Cyclic Hypoxia and Red Blood Cell Lysate. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Its ability to lower harmful mediators like IL-1β and IL-6 while enhancing protective factors such as IL-10 suggests a promising therapeutic strategy in stroke, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Alongside other mechanisms such as neurotrophic factor enhancement and glial cell regulation, this cytokine modulation underscores the therapeutic potential of Cerebrolysin in a variety of central nervous system disorders."

Journal • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Glioblastoma • Hematological Disorders • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage • Vascular Neurology • CCL2 • CXCL10 • CXCL8 • CXCL9 • IL10 • IL1B • IL6

Effect of Cerebrolysin on Cognitive Function and Delirium in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients. (PubMed, Med Sci Monit) - "CONCLUSIONS Patients maintained their cognitive status. The lack of delirium in the study group prompts us to develop a plan for a large-scale multicenter study assessing the potential ability of CER to reduce the risk of delirium in cardiac surgery patients."

Clinical • Journal • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders

Efficacy of Cerebrolysin Treatment as an Add-On Therapy to Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Large Vessel Occlusion in Anterior Circulation: Results of a 3-Month Follow-up of a Prospective, Open Label, Single-Center Study. (PubMed, Transl Stroke Res) - P3 | "Cerebrolysin improved functional outcomes at 90 days, accelerated neurological recovery, and reduced complications post-MT in patients with small ischemic core, good collateral circulation, and effective recanalization at baseline. These findings warrant further randomized trials to validate its efficacy and explore its long-term benefits.Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; unique identifier: NCT04904341."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Ischemic stroke • Metabolic Disorders

Neurotropic Effects of Cortexin on Models of Mental and Physical Developmental Delay. (PubMed, Biomedicines) - "In a separate series of experiments in mice, the concentration of the test drug cortexin and the reference drug cerebrolysin was determined in blood and brain tissue samples using radioactive iodine (Na125I) labeling of these preparations... The results indicate that brain polypeptides (cortexin), administered either intramuscularly or rectally, can reach the systemic circulation and cross the blood-brain barrier, as demonstrated by our distribution studies using radiolabeled preparations. These polypeptides exert comparable neurotropic effects in models of mental and physical developmental delays in offspring caused by neonatal trauma or the toxic effect of ethanol in late pregnancy in rats."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Developmental Disorders • Mood Disorders

Conservative and newer drug treatment for degenerative cervical myelopathy. (PubMed, J Clin Orthop Trauma) - "Riluzole did not replicate its promising animal results in human trials, using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score as an outcome measure. Cerebrolysin is promising but needs more RCTs to define its role in the management algorithm. Limaprost Alfadex provided inconclusive evidence, however, is in an ongoing phase III trial...Anti-Fas ligand antibody has not been studied in humans but demonstrated benefit in animal models. Research should focus on large-scale RCTs for these drugs with careful attention to long-term effects, side effects, and finding the most effective doses."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Orthopedics • FASLG

CLINCH: Safety and Feasibility of Using Cerebrolysin in the Treatment of Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage - a Prospective Randomized Open Blinded End-point Trial (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=30 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University

New P4 trial • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • Hematological Disorders

Effects of Cerebrolysin on Language Ability in Non-fluent Aphasia Patients After Stroke: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blinded, Single Center Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=40 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Yonsei University

New P4 trial • Cardiovascular

Cerebrolysin and the optimal timing of anticoagulation resumption in stroke: combined post hoc survival analysis of the CEREHETIS trial (PubMed, Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova) - "AT may be safely resumed within 48 h in low-risk patients (HTI=0), on days 3-5 in high-risk patients (HTI=1-4), and on day 10 in very-high-risk patients (HTI=5-8) without symptomatic HT. Cerebrolysin mitigates the compounding effect, reduces HT risk, and facilitates earlier, safer AT resumption in high-risk patients (HTI=1-4) by day 2 post-stroke, supporting its role in personalized stroke management."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders

Cerebrolysin Induces Dendritic Tree Plastic Changes and BDNF Increase in the Amygdala of Male Rats with Maternal Deprivation. (PubMed, Neurochem Res) - "Our results show that CBL could be part of the treatment in case of a traumatic or stressful event in neurodevelopment, especially in the youth age. According to this preclinical study, CBL could help reverse symptoms of different psychopathologies caused by stress or trauma, with neurobiological changes underlying its effect."

Journal • Preclinical • Mood Disorders • BDNF

Update on Neuroprotection after Traumatic Brain Injury. (PubMed, CNS Drugs) - "New strategies and pharmacotherapy options for neuroprotection continue to be evaluated, including tranexamic acid, progesterone, cerebrolysin, cyclosporin A, citicholine, memantine, and lactate. The spectrum of TBI severity has also gained increasing attention as it relates to mild TBI or concussion, blast injury, and subacute or chronic subdural hematomas. In this review, we review the pathophysiology, recent clinical trials, and future directions for acute TBI."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Vascular Neurology

Retraction Note: Neuroprotective effects of Cerebrolysin in triple repeat Tau transgenic model of Pick's disease and fronto-temporal tauopathies. (PubMed, BMC Neurosci) - No abstract available

Journal • Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

Drug-Induced Alteration of Hair Pigmentation: a clinical review and update (AAD 2025) - " Hypopigmentation of the hair, including graying/whitening has been reported with anticonvulsants, interferons, retinoids, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, chemotherapy agents, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine. Hair darkening has been reported with cholinesterase inhibitors, retinoids, minoxidil, hormone analogs, prostaglandin analogs, immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive medications. Repigmentation of previously gray hair has been associated with monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, retinoids, tamoxifen, cerebrolysin, and topical pseudocatalase...Three cases of permanent/persistent hair color change have been reported with brentuximab, dupilumab, and a cholinesterase inhibitor. A wide range of medications can induce permanent or temporary alterations of hair pigmentation, and subsequently impact medication adherence and quality of life. Updated knowledge and comprehensive understanding of the medications associated with drug-induced hair color changes is..."

Clinical • Review • CAT