atovaquone / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Metabolic reprogramming regulates tyrosine receptor kinase c-Met in prostate cancer (AACR 2025) - "Etomoxir (FAO inhibitor) and Atovaquone (OXPHOS inhibitor) suppressed c-Met protein expression through the mTOR-P70S6K pathway in PC cells. Rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) reduced c-Met expression in PC3 and DU145 PC cells. Preliminary analysis suggests that the mitochondrial inhibitors and capmatinib, an FDA-approved c-Met inhibitor, have a combinatorial effect. Collectively, this study suggests that mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming to FAO in PC upregulates c-Met activity."

Genito-urinary Cancer • Oncology • Prostate Cancer • Solid Tumor • MET • SIRT1 • SLC2A1

Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation leads to immunogenic cell death in ovarian cancer [WITHDRAWN] (AACR 2025) - "Altogether, we show that the disruption of the OXPHOS converges with the activation of ER stress to promote immunogenic cell death and activate innate immune responses. Atovaquone's potential to boost cellular immunotherapies opens a new avenue for its use as a combination agent for the treatment of EOC."

Immunogenic cell death • Epithelial Ovarian Cancer • Oncology • Ovarian Cancer • Solid Tumor • CALR • HMGB1 • PERK • TFAM

Modelling the heterogeneity of high grade serous ovarian tumors in 3D to study its metabolic response to atovaquone (AACR 2025) - "In addition, a non-destructive imaging technique capable of assessing real-time metabolic profiles in spheroids, revealed that ATO is capable of shifting cancer cell metabolism in spheroids, impeding ATP production. Using this HGSOC MPS, we aim to better understand the mechanism of action of atovaquone and accelerate its translation into the clinic as a sole or combination therapy agent."

Heterogeneity • High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer • Oncology • Ovarian Cancer • Solid Tumor

Atovaquone upregulates PD-L1 expression via activation of the ATM/ATR DNA damage response pathway (AACR 2025) - "These findings underscores ATM/ATR pathway as a novel molecular mechanism of PDL1 upregulation in atovaquone-treated ovarian tumors. Thus, our next step is to investigate if combining atovaquone with anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy will be effective in in vivo models of ovarian cancer."

IO biomarker • Gynecologic Cancers • Oncology • Ovarian Cancer • Solid Tumor • CHEK1 • CHEK2 • IRF1 • JAK1 • STAT1

BLUE SHOCK: UNVEILING CARDIOGENIC CRISIS INDUCED BY DAPSONE-LINKED METHEMOGLOBINEMIA - Chukwunonyelum Uche (ACC 2025) - "Suspected cardiogenic shock prompted the initiation of dobutamine and diuresis with bumetanide, resulting in improved blood pressure and resolution of lactic acidosis, although there was no significant change in oxygenation or congestion.Decision-making: Despite improving arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters (PaO₂ from 78 to 162 mmHg), the patient had persistently low oxygen saturation (88-94%) on 2-4 L supplemental oxygen...Dapsone was replaced with atovaquone for PJP prophylaxis. This case highlights the importance of considering MetHgb in persistent hypoxia and cardiogenic shock, especially with oxidizing agents exposure. This case highlights the importance of considering MetHgb in persistent hypoxia and cardiogenic shock, especially with oxidizing agents exposure. Reduced oxygen delivery can cause myocardial ischemia, contributing to shock. Hypoxia-induced lactate elevation worsens acidosis and cardiac function."

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Metabolic Disorders • Myocardial Ischemia • Nephrology • Oncology • Pneumonia • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases

AN 11-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII PNEUMONIA AFTER ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION (EBMT 2025) - "Statistical analysis was performed using JMP 18 software.Recommended prophylaxis was trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) or atovaquone in cases of TMP/SMX intolerance or cytopenia, starting from neutropenia recovery and continued until immunosuppressive treatment withdrawal and immune recovery. In our cohort, most PJP occurred later than one-year post-transplant. The majority of patients were not receiving PJP prophylaxis, although 26% were still receiving immunosuppressive treatment. A quarter of patients had a pulmonary infection in the month prior to PJP diagnosis, raising the question of persistent immunodepression or a possible trigger event increasing PJP infection risk."

Retrospective data • Bone Marrow Transplantation • CNS Disorders • Depression • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia • Pneumonia • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation • CD4

AN 11-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII PNEUMONIA AFTER ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION (EBMT 2025) - "Statistical analysis was performed using JMP 18 software.Recommended prophylaxis was trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) or atovaquone in cases of TMP/SMX intolerance or cytopenia, starting from neutropenia recovery and continued until immunosuppressive treatment withdrawal and immune recovery. In our cohort, most PJP occurred later than one-year post-transplant. The majority of patients were not receiving PJP prophylaxis, although 26% were still receiving immunosuppressive treatment. A quarter of patients had a pulmonary infection in the month prior to PJP diagnosis, raising the question of persistent immunodepression or a possible trigger event increasing PJP infection risk."

Retrospective data • Bone Marrow Transplantation • CNS Disorders • Depression • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia • Pneumonia • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation • CD4

Development of Next-Generation Antimalarial Acridones with Radical Cure Potential. (PubMed, J Med Chem) - "Building from our previous lead compound T111 (1) possessing activity against both Plasmodium falciparum asexual blood-stage (ABS) and Plasmodium berghei liver-stage (LS) parasites, next-generation antimalarial acridones were systematically designed and synthesized...Notably, newer generation acridones substantially mitigated cross-resistance with atovaquone...Furthermore, compound 28 demonstrated a low risk of both genotoxicity and cardiotoxicity and was highly effective against ART-resistant parasites. This study demonstrated the first and robust antirelapse LS activity from a novel acridone family."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Atovaquone-induced activation of the PERK/eIF2α signaling axis mitigates metabolic radiosensitisation. (PubMed, Cell Commun Signal) - "Our data highlight dual counter opposing impacts of atovaquone, serving as a hypoxic radiosensitiser though oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibition, but also in promoting stress induced ISR signaling, conferring resistance to radiation treatment. Importantly, if ISR activation is impeded, the metabolic radiosensitising properties of atovaquone is restored. These data provide a new insight to a molecular response that could help counteract hypoxia-induced radioresistance."

Journal • Head and Neck Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Squamous Cell Carcinoma • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Diagnosing and Managing Babesiosis: A Case Study of Timely Intervention in a Tick-Borne Illness. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient was successfully treated with atovaquone and azithromycin, and her condition improved following appropriate management. This case highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion in patients with febrile illnesses and tick exposure, as well as the value of early diagnostic testing and targeted therapy in improving patient outcomes."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Pain • Septic Shock • Thrombocytopenia

Atovaquone-Coordinated Copper-Polyphenol Nanoplatform Orchestrates Dual Metabolic Interference for Synergistic Cuproptosis and Apoptosis. (PubMed, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces) - "In vivo experiments verified that this dual metabolic interference strategy effectively inhibited tumor growth (86.8% tumor suppression). These findings not only expand the theoretical boundaries of cuproptosis but also establish a promising paradigm for cancer therapy through coordinated targeting of metal homeostasis and metabolic vulnerabilities."

Journal • Oncology • CASP3 • DLAT

FROM CHEST PAIN TO CARDIAC RECOVERY: MANAGING EOSINOPHILIC MYOCARDITIS WITH EARLY CORTICOSTEROID TREATMENT - Fenghan Zhang (ACC 2025) - "Patient received a prednisone taper and atovaquone for PJP prophylaxis, with outpatient follow-up.Decision-making: Regardless of the underlying cause, persistent eosinophilia can lead to cardiac tissue damage ranging from mild disease to diffuse myocardial necrosis. Hypereosinophilia is a rare and serious cause of myocarditis. While immunosuppressive agents are classically first line, special attention should be paid to telemetry as the rates of sudden cardiac death from arrhythmia are high in this condition. High index of suspicion is required as this condition has an extremely high mortality, if not treated early."

Cardiovascular • Eosinophilia • Hypereosinophilic Syndrome • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Myocardial Infarction • Pain • Rheumatology • Vasculitis

Immune-related diagnostic indicators and targeted therapies for COPD combined with NASH were identified and verified via WGCNA and LASSO. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "Ten small-molecule drugs associated with COPD and NASH were identified through cMAP analysis, including ansoprazole and atovaquone...We also revealed some potential biological mechanisms of COPD and NASH and potential drugs for COPD-related NASH. Our findings provide potential new diagnostic and therapeutic options for COPD-associated NASH and may help reduce its prevalence."

Biomarker • Journal • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • S100A9

Self-assembled metal-coordinated nanoparticles for synergistic energy metabolism inhibition and low-temperature photothermal therapy. (PubMed, Int J Pharm) - "To address these challenges, ATO-QUE-Fe2+-PVP K30 nanoparticles (AQFP NPs) were synthesized through the coordinated self-assembly of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor atovaquone (ATO) and the glycolysis inhibitor quercetin (QUE) with ferrous ions (Fe2+) for synergetic energy depletion and low-temperature photothermal therapy (LTPTT)...Furthermore, the analysis of blood biochemical indices and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of major organs suggested that AQFP NPs exhibit a preferable in vivo safety profile. In conclusion, the anti-tumor efficacy of LTPTT could be substantially enhanced by concurrently inhibiting OXPHOS and glycolysis, thereby offering an innovative therapeutic for the clinical treatment of tumors."

Journal • Oncology

Atovaquone Inhibits ABCC1 and Decreases Camp Egress in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells (ATS 2025) - No abstract available

Asthma • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • ABCC1

Differential ex vivo susceptibility of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates from Ghana and Mali to current and lead discovery candidate antimalarial drugs. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "In Ghana, the susceptibility of the two species to most of the current antimalarial drugs was comparable, except for artemether, sulfadoxine, and atovaquone, for which the drugs were less potent against P. malariae than P. falciparum (7.12 vs 2.15 nM, 25.72 vs 7.86 nM, and 10.38 vs 2.51 nM, respectively). In Mali, quinine was significantly more potent against P. malariae than P. falciparum (18.35 and 26.84 nM), and tafenoquine was less potent against P. malariae than P. falciparum (5.50 and 2.85 nM). Among the candidate drugs, except INE963, whose inhibitory potency was comparable between both species, the other compounds significantly inhibited P. malariae more than P. falciparum...However, in Mali, chloroquine resistance appeared to have affected the suitability of quinine-based compounds for non-falciparum malaria treatment. Therefore, additional studies are required to establish the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of P. malariae..."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Malaria

SURVIVING THE PERFECT STORM: A RARE CASE OF SEVERE BABESIOSIS COMPLICATED BY MULTIORGAN FAILURE (SCCM 2025) - "Ultimately, he received high dose atovaquone and azithromycin, which proved successful, in conjunction with doxycycline administrated to treat a confirmed coinfection with Lyme disease. In this instance, the patient's presentation mimicked a viral illness, resulting in a delayed diagnosis until the condition progressed to multi-organ failure attributed to babesiosis. This emphasizes the necessity for healthcare providers to maintain a high index of suspicion for tick-borne illnesses in patients presenting with compatible symptoms and relevant exposure history."

Clinical • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lyme Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pain • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombocytopenia

Antibiotic Prophylaxis During Treatment of Anca-Associated Vasculitis with Rituximab: Data from a Canadian Multicenter Cohort (CRA-AHPA 2025) - "We stratified characteristics (at time of starting RTX induction or maintenance, as applicable) according to concurrent antibiotic prophylaxis (e.g. trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole [TMP-SMX], dapsone, atovaquone), and compared groups using 95% confidence interval (CI) for the differences in mean or proportion, or the Mann Whitney U test as applicable. In this Canadian cohort initiating RTX for induction or maintenance, 80% of the participants were taking antibiotic prophylaxis, which is higher than reported in other cohorts. During the induction and maintenance period, concurrent prednisone was associated with prophylaxis, as was higher disease activity during induction. Our results permit further understanding of Canadian patterns of antibiotic prophylaxis in AAV."

Clinical • ANCA Vasculitis • Rare Diseases • Vasculitis

PBPK-Led Assessment of Antimalarial Drug Concentrations in Breastmilk: A Strategy for Optimal Use of Prediction Methods to Guide Decision Making in an Understudied Population. (PubMed, CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol) - "Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling was used to predict milk-to-plasma (M/P) ratios, infant daily doses (IDD) and relative infant doses (RID) for five antimalarials with clinical lactation data (chloroquine, pyrimethamine, piperaquine, mefloquine and primaquine)...RID was  10% for lumefantrine and tafenoquine. For atovaquone, RID was > 10% with Model 1 but not Model 2...These prediction methodologies can be used, alongside any licensed dosing information for < 1 year-olds, to evaluate whether a clinical lactation study is necessary and to inform drug label or policy recommendations. The ultimate goal is to better inform optimal treatment for lactating women supporting malaria eradication."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Malaria

A Unique Case of Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis in a Patient With Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Positive Vasculitis Presenting With Ocular and Cardiac Manifestations. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Cyclophosphamide-based treatment was initiated, in conjunction with glucocorticoids, mesna, and atovaquone. High suspicion for GPA with RPGN should be considered in the younger population who present with new-onset renal failure and pulmonary lesions to present irreversible kidney injury."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • ANCA Vasculitis • Glomerulonephritis • Immunology • Lupus Nephritis • Nephrology • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Pulmonary Disease • Rare Diseases • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sinusitis • Vasculitis

Mitochondria-targeting of oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors to alleviate hypoxia and enhance anticancer treatment efficacy. (PubMed, Clin Cancer Res) - "Here, we review the limitations of the clinically tested OXPHOSi metformin, atovaquone, tamoxifen, BAY 87-2243 and IACS-010759 and the potential of mito-targeted OXPHOSi and their influence on ROS production. Furthermore, the effect of the mitochondria-targeting moiety TPP+ on mitochondria is discussed as this affects mitochondrial bioenergetics."

Journal • Oncology • Solid Tumor

RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF POST RENAL TRANSPLANT PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA (ISN-WCN 2025) - "All patients were treated with TMP-SMX, Dalacin except those who were G6PD deficient who received IV Pentamidine and Dalacin or had Sulfa allergy who received Primaquine and Dalacin. This study signifies the importance of universal TMP-SMX prophylaxis in all post kidney transplant patients as 80% of patients in this study who didn't receive prophylaxis ended up having PCP, and the need for administering an alternative prophylactic drug like Atovaquone or aerosolized Pentamidine or Dapsone in patients who cannot receive TMP-SMX, the only drawback being its difficult availability in India. CMV screening and prompt treatment is integral as it is found to be a risk factor in increasing morbidity and mortality in these patients."

Retrospective data • Cough • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Transplantation

A paradigmatic approach to the topological measure of babesiosis drugs and estimating physical properties via QSPR analysis. (PubMed, Heliyon) - "Mepron, azithromycin, clindamycin, imidocarb, triclosan and other medications are among them. The results demonstrate how well the QSPR experiments on applying regression technique are useful in development of novel drugs for babesiosis and predict the characteristics of babesiosis drugs. The usefulness of applying TIs in this situation is demonstrated by the linear regression model's minimum error and correct prediction of these attributes."

Journal • Pain

Atovaquone and Selinexor as a Novel Combination Treatment Option in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. (PubMed, Cancer Lett) - "Moreover, CD62L overexpression in a human AML cell line resulted in significantly prolonged survival in a xenograft mouse model. We propose that targeting the STAT3β/α ratio could be a promising new strategy for treating patients with AML and that the combination of selinexor and atovaquone could offer enhanced treatment outcomes."

Journal • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • SELL • STAT3

Efficacy and Safety of Antimalarial as Repurposing Drug for COVID-19 Following Retraction of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine. (PubMed, Clin Pharmacol) - "The results showed 3 antimalarial drugs, namely Quinine Sulfate (QS), Atovaquone (AQ), and Artemisinin-Piperaquine (AP), had gone through clinical trial to assess efficacy and safety against COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the intervention group took 10.6 days, and the control group took 19.3 days (p=0.001). Based on this review, AP showed significant potential as a therapy in the fight against COVID-19."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases