lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Triple drug co-delivery within nanosystems for synergistic anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and neuroregenerative therapeutic effects: a focus on pharmacological and nanotechnological aspects. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "Triple drug co-encapsulation has been achieved for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin, analgesic and antipyretic drugs such as paracetamol, immunosuppressant drugs such as methotrexate, antiretroviral drugs such as efavirenz, lopinavir, ritonavir, and tenofovir, antibacterial drugs such as amoxicillin and clarithromycin, antiulcer drugs such as omeprazole and famotidine, ion channel antagonists such as lomerizine hydrochloride, oxidized adenosine triphosphate, and zonampanel monohydrate, photosensitive molecules such as indocyanine green, genetic material such as MMP-9 siRNA, enzymes such as catalase, and/or plant-derived bioactive compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, sinomenine, and thymoquinone. These molecules' triple co-encapsulation into nanometric formulations has led to controlled and sustained drug release, extended circulation time, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity, with an overall improvement in drug..."

Journal • Review • Dermatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Mood Disorders • Pain • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • CAT • MMP9

Weight gain, body composition, and metabolic parameters of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy versus standard of care in children and adolescents: an ancillary analysis of the ODYSSEY trial. (PubMed, Lancet Child Adolesc Health) - P2/3 | "Over approximately 5 years, indices defining excessive weight gain and central adiposity were similar with dolutegravir and other anchor drugs, and lipid and glycaemia profiles with dolutegravir were reassuring, providing supporting evidence for dolutegravir-based ART as the preferred treatment in children and adolescents."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Obesity

A Case of HIV Encephalopathy with HIV Cerebrospinal Fluid Escape followed by Second-Generation Integrase Inhibitor Resistance. (PubMed, Int J Infect Dis) - "A 61-year-old male with advanced HIV (CD4+ T-cell count 31 cells/μL) initiated antiretroviral therapy with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide...His regimen was switched to zidovudine/lamivudine/lopinavir/ritonavir, leading to dramatic clinical improvement, undetectable CSF HIV-RNA, and reduced leptomeningeal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging...It demonstrates that sanctuary site-specific resistance can develop against key first-line regimens, highlights the need for a revised approach. CSF viral load quantification and resistance genotyping are essential in such scenarios to guide effective, personalized therapy."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Herpes Zoster • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Varicella Zoster • CD4

Tolerability of lopinavir versus dolutegravir in children and adolescents with HIV (LoDoCA): a prospective cohort study in lesotho, Southern Africa. (PubMed, AIDS) - "Observed treatment satisfaction and tolerability support the rollout of DTG in pediatric HIV care."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Reassessing the Conduct of Patch Clamp Cardiac Ion Channel Assays to Improve Nonclinical Data Translation to Clinical ECG Changes and Proarrythmia Risk. (PubMed, Clin Transl Sci) - "Finally, astemizole, risperidone, and clarithromycin-"intermediate TdP risk" CiPA drugs-were reported to have hERG-active metabolites, yet hERG data for metabolites were not integrated when developing in silico human myocyte models for risk prediction...Here the effects of chloroquine, lopinavir, ritonavir, and vanoxerine on hERG, CaV1.2, and/or NaV1.5 channels were studied using protocols consistent with ICH S7B Q&A 2.1 best practices...The results showed improved alignment between ion channel block profiles and drug-induced ECG changes and proarrhythmia, underscoring the importance of using physiologically relevant experimental protocols, accounting for ion channel-active metabolites, and continuing to build the knowledge base of arrhythmogenesis mechanisms. Data may be found at: https://osf.io/7rfua/."

Journal • Cardiovascular • NAV1

Lopinavir/ritonavir induces hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells through inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway, resulting in oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and cell cycle arrest. (PubMed, Toxicol Lett) - "Collectively, our findings demonstrate that LPV/r suppresses Nrf2 and HO-1 protein, promotes ROS accumulation, which induces oxidative stress and ER stress, ultimately leading to cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. This research provides novel mechanistic insights into the hepatotoxic effects of LPV/r."

Journal • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure

A preliminary survey on the use of ART among blood donors in Shenzhen China and its implications to blood safety. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "ART drugs were detected in 4(4/100) anti-HIV reactive plasma samples screened from 440 000 donations in Shenzhen, which indicated some HIV-infected people who take ART drugs donate blood without disclosing their health and medical histories and this may endanger blood safety because ART may compromise current screening strategies by suppressing HIV RNA replication below the detectable level."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

DB-1311-O-1001: A Phase 1/2a Study of DB-1311/BNT324 in Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=862 | Recruiting | Sponsor: DualityBio Inc. | Trial completion date: Jan 2028 ➔ May 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2027 ➔ Dec 2027

First-in-human • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Esophageal Cancer • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma • Lung Cancer • Melanoma • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Prostate Adenocarcinoma • Prostate Cancer • Small Cell Lung Cancer • Solid Tumor • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck • ALK • BRAF • CD276 • EGFR • KRAS • MET • NTRK1 • NTRK2 • NTRK3 • ROS1

Risk factors associated with anti-tubercular therapy-induced hepatitis in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive and seronegative patients in India. (PubMed, Int J Risk Saf Med) - "The prevalence of ATT-IH in HIV-SPP was 53.6% and 46.4% in HIV-SNP. A higher incidence of 23 (10 %) of ATT-IH was reported with the Tenofovir + Lamivudine + Lopinavir+ Ritonavir ART regimen.ConclusionClinicians must focus on early detection of risk factors for ATT-IH in HIV-SPP in comparison with HIV-SNP to prevent significant hepatic complications."

Journal • Hepatitis B • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Therapeutic potential of spiramycin-nanoparticles and Aluvia in experimental congenital toxoplasmosis. (PubMed, Exp Parasitol) - "In conclusion, spiramycin-loaded CSNPs and Aluvia demonstrated low parasite burden and successfully restored normal brain architecture in the offspring. However, congenital anomalies persisted and remained a significant concern."

Journal • Infectious Disease

The Prevalence and Determinants of Dyslipidemia and Lipodystrophy in Children on Highly-Active Antiretroviral Therapy at a Ghanaian Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study. (PubMed, J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care) - "Participants with lipodystrophy had lower odds of elevated triglycerides (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.00-0.62 P = .029). Previous lopinavir/ritonavir use was significantly associated with reduced odds of dyslipidemia (OR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.05-0.91, P = .036).ConclusionThe high prevalence of dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy emphasizes the need for routine lipid and other metabolic assessments among children and adolescents living with HIV."

Journal • Observational data • Cardiovascular • Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertriglyceridemia • Infectious Disease • Lipodystrophy • Metabolic Disorders

Safety Profile of COVID-19 Medication in Patients with CKD: Renal and Hepatic Dysfunction Associated with Antiviral and Tocilizumab Use, a Single-Centre Experience (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "Methods We conducted a retrospective study on 1425 COVID-19-infected patients, who received anti-viral therapy, i.e., Favipiravir, lopinavir-Ritonavir, Remdesivir and tocilizumab. Conclusion CKD patients had a significantly higher incidence of renal function deterioration and an increase in AST. Nevertheless, these abnormal lab parameters must be considered with other risk factors, associated with severe covid-19-infection, thus COVID medicine shouldn't be denied to CKD patients"

Clinical • Chronic Kidney Disease • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Nephrology • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Renal Disease

Efficacy and safety of switching from lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimens to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in people living with HIV: A multicenter retrospective study. (PubMed, Virol Sin) - "These PLWH typically have a history of either treatment failure or intolerance to first-line efavirenz-based regimens. The median triglyceride level decreased from 2.4 mmol/L to 1.8 mmol/L (P < 0.001), while no difference in CD4 counts was observed. These findings demonstrate that BIC/FTC/TAF is an effective and metabolically favorable treatment option for PLWH switching from LPV/r based regimens, regardless of whether they have a prior history of virological failure."

Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Would infant lamivudine prophylaxis during breastfeeding be an option to prevent from vertical transmission of HIV ? (EACS 2025) - P3 | "Children received either a lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)-based regimen (n=92) for a median of 8.0 [3.1-11.0] months, or 3TC monotherapy (n=115) for a median of 10.5 [10.1-11.3] months. Conclusions : These findings suggest that the M184V variant is rare among African mothers, including those on ART, and that 3TC is a viable prophylaxis option to protect against vertical transmission, given its excellent safety profile, ease of administration, good palatability, and evidence of efficacy. Our findings can be applied to all breastfeeding mothers, including African migrant mothers in Europe."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Virologic Outcomes of Dolutegravir-Based ART Among Thai people with HIV Previously Treated with Lopinavir/ritonavir based Second-line regimens: A National Program Analysis (EACS 2025) - "Conclusions : Most PWH with suppressed VL at the time of DTG switch maintained virologic suppression. However, VF was substantially higher among those with detectable VL at switch, particularly in adolescents and young adults, highlighting the need for improved adherence support, routine resistance monitoring and consideration of novel ART regimen in this population."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Virological Remission in Two HIV-Infected Children After Early cART in Libreville, Gabon. (PubMed, Case Rep Pediatr) - "After a positive GenXpert PCR at 7 weeks, triple therapy was started with abacavir-lamivudine and ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (2IN-1IP)...We switched the antiprotease with an anti-integrase (dolutegravir, which was available)... Virological remission with seroreversion of a previously HIV-infected infant is possible in Gabon. Further immunological (Ac assay) and virological (ultrasensitive proviral DNA on blood mononuclear cells) tests are needed in this infant to determine his definitive status."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Evaluation of the Dual Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effects of Phallus indusiatus in a Feline Infectious Peritonitis Model Using PBMCs. (PubMed, Vet Sci) - "indusiatus exhibited the strongest FIPV Mpro inhibitory activity among the 17 mushroom extracts tested (69.2%), showing a notable level of inhibition relative to standard antiviral agents such as lopinavir and ritonavir...In healthy PBMCs, P. indusiatus significantly reduced nitrite levels, with effects similar to dexamethasone...These findings suggest that P. indusiatus possesses both antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, positioning it as a potential dual-action therapeutic candidate for FIP. Further investigation into cytokine signaling pathways is warranted to clarify its mechanisms of action and advance future therapeutic development."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Population pharmacokinetics of ritonavir as a booster of lopinavir, atazanavir, or darunavir in African children with HIV. (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "We conducted a pharmacokinetic sub-study within the CHAPAS-4 (ISRCTN22964075) trial, which randomized children to two NRTIs with twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir, once-daily atazanavir/ritonavir, or once-daily darunavir/ritonavir, as second-line ART. Ritonavir exposure is higher with atazanavir than with lopinavir or darunavir. These data provide greater insight into the use of ritonavir for boosting PIs in children and help reduce the knowledge gap regarding its exposure in children."

Journal • PK/PD data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Uptake and 24-month Outcomes of Dolutegravir- Versus Lopinavir-based Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy for People With HIV in South Africa: A Retrospective Cohort Study and Emulated Target Trial. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - "Aligning with the World Health Organization, South Africa has replaced ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r) with dolutegravir (DTG) in second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) after treatment failure with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/lamivudine or emtricitabine (XTC)/efavirenz (EFV)...Of 2321 people switched before July 2021, 915 (39%) switched to AZT/XTC/LPV/r, 415 (18%) to zidovudine (AZT)/XTC/DTG, and 991 (43%) to TDF/XTC/DTG...Per-protocol analyses gave similar results. While retention was similar across regimens, viremia was less common on DTG-based ART, supporting current guidelines."

Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

DB-1311-O-1001: A Phase 1/2a Study of DB-1311/BNT324 in Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=750 | Recruiting | Sponsor: DualityBio Inc. | Trial completion date: Sep 2026 ➔ Jan 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2026 ➔ Sep 2027

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Esophageal Cancer • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma • Lung Cancer • Melanoma • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Prostate Adenocarcinoma • Prostate Cancer • Small Cell Lung Cancer • Solid Tumor • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck • ALK • BRAF • CD276 • EGFR • KRAS • MET • NTRK1 • NTRK2 • NTRK3 • ROS1

Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=205 | Completed | Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) | Active, not recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone in tuberculosis meningitis. (PubMed, medRxiv) - "This pharmacokinetic study was nested in a randomised controlled trial comparing the safety of high-dose rifampicin (oral, 35 mg/kg; intravenous, 20 mg/kg) plus linezolid, with or without aspirin, vs standard-dose rifampicin (10 mg/kg) for adults with HIV-associated TBM...Eight (18%) participants were on efavirenz-based ART and five (11%) were on a lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen...This pharmacokinetic analysis of dexamethasone in adults with HIV-associated tuberculosis meningitis found high oral clearance (131 L/h), likely due to a drug-drug interaction with rifampicin. High-dose rifampicin had no additional effect on dexamethasone exposure compared with standard dose."

Journal • PK/PD data • CNS Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Research on the Psychological Status of Patients With HIV-1 Infection (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=500 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Shanxi Bethune Hospital

New trial • CNS Disorders • Depression • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in second-line treatment of children living with HIV in the CHAPAS-4 trial. (PubMed, AIDS) - "Children (3-15 years), weighing ≥14 kg and taking LPV/r in second-line treatment achieve adequate exposure of LPV within limits reported to be safe and well tolerated. These data support the use of a LPV/r based regimen and the adult formulation of 200/50 mg in children 25-34.9 kg."

Journal • PK/PD data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Comparative adherence and effectiveness of Dolutegravir vs Lopinavir in Tanzanian children with HIV: retrospective cohort study (IAS-HIV 2025) - "The study included 340 children who had been on either dolutegravir (DTG) or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) regimens for at least 6 to 12 months. The DTG regimen demonstrates significantly better adherence and effectiveness compared to the LPV/r regimen in pediatric HIV patients. These findings support the adoption of DTG as the preferred regimen for children in Tanzania."

Adherence • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics